Fused Filament Deposition of Silicone Blends With Tunable Mechanical Properties

Abstract Addition-cured silicones are widely used in emerging soft robotics and wearable device technologies which can benefit greatly from the customizability offered by versatile 3D printing methods such as fused filament deposition (FFD). However, precursors of addition-cured silicones, particularly the ones with high compliance, are generally incompatible with 3D printing due to their rheological properties. Several silicones with rheological properties suitable for 3D printing lacks the compliance necessary for many application. This paper explores FFD of composite silicone inks consisting of two types of addition cured silicone precursors with different rheology and mechanical properties: inherently 3D-printable Dow SE-1700 with low compliance and non-printable Smooth-On EcoFlex 00-10 with high compliance. Specifically, blended ink rheology, morphology and the mechanical properties of the printed structures are experimentally studied. It was shown that 3D printable rheology was maintained in inks that contained up to 33% EcoFlex 00-10, even though the reduction in the elastic moduli and the yield stress were noted. Inclusion of EcoFlex 00-10, led to smoother side walls of the printed structures at an optimal composition. Through varying the relative composition of the two components, 100% tensile moduli of the printed structures can be controlled between 959–347 kPa. Several issues are noted associated with the transient behavior of the blended inks due to short pot life of the EcoFlex 00-10.

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GEOMETRY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A 3D-PRINTED TITANIUM MICROSTRUCTURE

Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings ◽

10.14311/app.2018.15.0104 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 104-108

Author(s):

Luboš Řehounek ◽

Petra Hájková ◽

Petr Vakrčka ◽

Aleš Jíra

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Uniaxial Compression ◽

Elastic Moduli ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Porous Structures ◽

Compression Tests ◽

Local Material ◽

3D Printed ◽

Titanium Microstructure

Construction applications sometimes require use of a material other than construction steel or concrete – mainly in cases, where strength to weight ratio needs to be considered. A suitable solution to this problem are structures manufactured using the 3D printing process, as they have a very good strength to weight ratio (i.e.: Ti-6Al-4V – σ<sub>ult</sub> = 900 MPa and ρ = 4500 kg/m<sup>3</sup>). Trabecular structures are porous structures with local material characteristics identical to their commonly manufactured counterparts, but due to their geometry, they have different global mechanical properties and are suited for special applications. We designed and manufactured six variants of these structures and subjected them to uniaxial compression tests, nanoindentation tests and subsequently evaluated their differences and elastic moduli. The values of global moduli E are in the range of 2.55 GPa – 3.55 GPa for all specimens.

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Stepwise Cross-Linking of Fibroin and Hyaluronic for 3D Printing Flexible Scaffolds with Tunable Mechanical Properties

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering ◽

10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00368 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Muyang Sun ◽

Jin Cheng ◽

Jiahao Zhang ◽

Nier Wu ◽

Fengyuan Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Tunable Mechanical Properties

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Via precise interface engineering towards bioinspired composites with improved 3D printing processability and mechanical properties

Journal of Materials Chemistry B ◽

10.1039/c7tb00165g ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (25) ◽

pp. 5037-5047 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Felix Hanßke ◽

Onur Bas ◽

Cédryck Vaquette ◽

Gernot Hochleitner ◽

Jürgen Groll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tissue Engineering ◽

3D Printing ◽

Bone Tissue Engineering ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Hybrid Materials ◽

Elastic Moduli ◽

Interface Engineering ◽

Organic Hybrid ◽

Biodegradable Composite

Precise interface engineering in inorganic–organic hybrid materials enhances both the elastic moduli and toughness of a biodegradable composite, which is of relevance for load-bearing applications in bone tissue engineering.

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3D printing of an extremely tough hydrogel

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra16362e ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (99) ◽

pp. 81324-81329 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Junhua Wei ◽

Jilong Wang ◽

Siheng Su ◽

Shiren Wang ◽

Jingjing Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

3D Printed ◽

Tunable Mechanical Properties

A super tough hydrogel with tunable mechanical properties was 3D printed.

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3D Printing of an In Situ Grown MOF Hydrogel with Tunable Mechanical Properties

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ◽

10.1021/acsami.0c08880 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (29) ◽

pp. 33267-33275 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wangqu Liu ◽

Ozan Erol ◽

David H. Gracias

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Tunable Mechanical Properties

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Printability and properties of 3D-printed poplar fiber/polylactic acid biocomposite

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.2.2774-2788 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 2774-2788

Author(s):

Zhaozhe Yang ◽

Xinhao Feng ◽

Min Xu ◽

Denis Rodrigue

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Polylactic Acid ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Longitudinal Stripe ◽

3D Printed ◽

First Time ◽

Printing Parameters

To efficiently and economically utilize a wood-plastic biocomposite, an eco-friendly biocomposite was prepared using modified poplar fiber and polylactic acid (PLA) via 3D printing technology for the first time. First, the effects of poplar fiber (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9%) on the mechanical and rheological properties of the printed biocomposites were investigated. Subsequently, the printing parameters, including printing temperature, speed, and layer thickness, were optimized to obtain the biocomposite with superior properties. Finally, four printing orientations were applied to the biocomposite based on the optimized printing parameters to study the effect of filament orientation on the properties of the biocomposite. Favorable printability and mechanical properties of the biocomposite were obtained at 5% poplar fiber. The optimal printing temperature of 220 °C, speed of 40 mm/s, and layer thickness of 0.2 mm were obtained to produce the desired mechanical properties of the biocomposite with the printing orientation in a longitudinal stripe. However, the printing parameters should be chosen according to the applications, where different physical and mechanical properties are needed to achieve efficient and economical utilization of the biocomposites.

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Digital Light Processing 3D Printing of PDMS-Based Soft and Elastic Materials with Tunable Mechanical Properties

ACS Applied Polymer Materials ◽

10.1021/acsapm.1c00260 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ke Du ◽

Johan Basuki ◽

Veronica Glattauer ◽

Caroline Mesnard ◽

Anh Tuan Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Elastic Materials ◽

Digital Light Processing ◽

Tunable Mechanical Properties

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Synthesis and Formulation of PCL-Based Urethane Acrylates for DLP 3D Printers

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12071500 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1500

Author(s):

Hsuan Chen ◽

Shyh-Yuan Lee ◽

Yuan-Min Lin

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

3D Printing ◽

Biomedical Application ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Digital Light Processing ◽

Glycol Diacrylate ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

3D Printers ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

Tunable Mechanical Properties

In this study, three PCL-based polyurethane acrylates were synthesized and further formulated into twelve resins for digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. Three PCL diols with different molecular weights were synthesized via ring-opening reaction of ε-caprolactone on diethylene glycol, with the catalyst stannous octoate. Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) was reacted with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA) and the PCL diols form PCL-based polyurethane acrylates. Twelve resins composed of different percentages of PCL-based polyurethane acrylates, poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), propylene glycol (PPG) and photo-initiator were further printed from a DLP 3D printer. The viscosities of twelve resins decreased by 10 times and became printable after adding 30% of PEGDA. The degree of conversion for the twelve resins can reach more than 80% after the post-curing process. By changing the amount of PEGDA and PPG, the mechanical properties of the twelve resins could be adjusted. PUA530-PEG-PPG (70:30:0), PUA800-PEG-PPG (70:30:0), and PUA1000-PEG-PPG (70:30:0) were successfully printed into customized tissue scaffolds. Twelve PCL-based polyurethane photo-curable resins with tunable mechanical properties, cytotoxicity, and degradability were successfully prepared. With the DLP 3D printing technique, a complex structure could be achieved. These resins have great potential for customized tissue engineering and other biomedical application.

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