Evaluation of Abrasive Wear of Polymeric Materials Using Single-Pass Pendulum Scratching

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Torres Piza Paes ◽  
Antonio Marcos Rego Motta ◽  
Lauro Lemos Lontra Filho ◽  
Juliano Ose´ias de Morais ◽  
Sine´sio Domingues Franco
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Energy Dissipated

Scratching abrasion due to rubbing against the sediment layer is an important degradation mechanism of flexible cable in deep water oil and natural gas exploitation. The present study was initiated to gain relevant data on the wear behaviour of some commercial materials used to externally protect these cables. So, Comparison tests were carried out using the single-point scratching technique, which consists of a sharp point mounted at the extremity of a pendulum. The energy dissipated during the scratching is used to evaluate the relative scratch resistance. The results showed, that the contact geometry strongly affects the specific scratching energy. Using SEM imaging, it was found, that these changes were related to the operating wear mechanisms. The observed wear mechanisms are also compared with those observed on some cables in deep water operations.

scholarly journals The Effect of Co-Deposition of SiC Sub-Micron Particles and Heat Treatment on Wear Behaviour of Ni–P Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Donya Ahmadkhaniha ◽  
Lucia Lattanzi ◽  
Fabio Bonora ◽  
Annalisa Fortini ◽  
Mattia Merlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Maximum Hardness ◽  
Sic Particles ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
The Difference

The purpose of the study is to assess the influence of SiC particles and heat treatment on the wear behaviour of Ni–P coatings when in contact with a 100Cr6 steel. Addition of reinforcing particles and heat treatment are two common methods to increase Ni–P hardness. Ball-on-disc wear tests coupled with SEM investigations were used to compare as-plated and heat-treated coatings, both pure and composite ones, and to evaluate the wear mechanisms. In the as-plated coatings, the presence of SiC particles determined higher friction coefficient and wear rate than the pure Ni–P coatings, despite the limited increase in hardness, of about 15%. The effect of SiC particles was shown in combination with heat treatment. The maximum hardness in pure Ni–P coating was achieved by heating at 400 °C for 1 h while for composite coatings heating for 2 h at 360 °C was sufficient to obtain the maximum hardness. The difference between the friction coefficient of composite and pure coatings was disclosed by heating at 300 °C for 2 h. In other cases, the coefficient of friction (COF) stabilised at similar values. The wear mechanisms involved were mainly abrasion and tribo-oxidation, with the formation of lubricant Fe oxides produced at the counterpart.

Development of a resistivity standard for polymeric materials used in photovoltaic modules

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Kempe ◽  
David C. Miller ◽  
Dylan L. Nobles ◽  
Keiichiro Sakurai ◽  
John Tucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Materials Used

The immune system and its response to polymeric materials used for craniofacial regeneration

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ana Lilia García-Henández ◽  
Janeth Serrano-Bello ◽  
Marco Antonio Alvarez-Perez ◽  
Ernesto Cifuentes-Mendiola ◽  
Patricia González-Alva
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Materials Used

A scientific investigation of five polymeric materials used in the conservation of murals in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Bomin ◽  
Zhang Huabing ◽  
Zhang Binjian ◽  
Jiang Deqiang ◽  
Zhang Rui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Mogao Grottoes ◽  
Materials Used

Location Depending Textures of the Human Dental Enamel

2010 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Raue ◽  
Helmut Klein
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Incisor Tooth ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Dental Fillings ◽  
Anisotropic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Materials Used

Dental enamel is the most highly mineralised and hardest biological tissue in human body [1]. Dental enamel is made of hydroxylapatite (HAP) - Ca5(PO4)3(OH), which is hexagonal (6/m). The lattice parameters are a = b = 0.9418 nm und c = 0.6875 nm [1]. Although HAP is a very hard mineral, it can be dissolved easily in a process which is known as enamel demineralization by lactic acid produced by bacteria. Also the direct consumption of acid (e.g. citric, lactic or phosphoric acid in soft drinks) can harm the dental enamel in a similar way. These processes can damage the dental enamel. It will be dissolved completely and a cavity occurs. The cavity must then be cleaned and filled. It exists a lot of dental fillings, like gold, amalgam, ceramics or polymeric materials. After filling other dangers can occur: The mechanical properties of the materials used to fill cavities can differ strongly from the ones of the dental enamel itself. In the worst case, the filling of a tooth can damage the enamel of the opposite tooth by chewing if the interaction of enamel and filling is not equivalent, so that the harder fillings can abrade the softer enamel of the healthy tooth at the opposite side. This could be avoided if the anisotropic mechanical properties of dental enamel would be known in detail, hence then another filling could be searched or fabricated as an equivalent opponent for the dental enamel with equal properties. To find such a material, one has to characterise the properties of dental enamel first in detail for the different types of teeth (incisor, canine, premolar and molar). This is here exemplary done for a human incisor tooth by texture analysis with the program MAUD from 2D synchrotron transmission images [2,3,4].

scholarly journals Wear of different material pairings for the cylinder liner – piston ring contact

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wopelka ◽  
Ulrike Cihak-Bayr ◽  
Claudia Lenauer ◽  
Ferenc Ditrói ◽  
Sándor Takács ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Intermediate Step ◽  
Piston Rings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cylinder Liners

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the wear behaviour of different materials for cylinder liners and piston rings in a linear reciprocating tribometer with special focus on the wear of the cylinder liner in the boundary lubrication regime. Design/methodology/approach Conventional nitrided steel, as well as diamond-like carbon and chromium nitride-coated piston rings, were tested against cast iron, AlSi and Fe-coated AlSi cylinder liners. The experiments were carried out with samples produced from original engine parts to have the original surface topography available. Radioactive tracer isotopes were used to measure cylinder liner wear continuously, enabling separation of running-in and steady-state wear. Findings A ranking of the material pairings with respect to wear behaviour of the cylinder liner was found. Post-test inspection of the cylinder samples by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed differences in the wear mechanisms for the different material combinations. The results show that the running-in and steady-state wear of the liners can be reduced by choosing the appropriate material for the piston ring. Originality/value The use of original engine parts in a closely controlled tribometer environment under realistic loading conditions, in conjunction with continuous and highly sensitive wear measurement methods and a detailed SEM analysis of the wear mechanisms, forms an intermediate step between engine testing and laboratory environment testing.

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