Lifting Analysis of Subsea Framework Structures

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor E. Søfteland ◽  
Odd V. Skrunes ◽  
Daniel Karunakaran
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Hydrodynamic Forces ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Hydrodynamic Coefficients ◽  
Splash Zone ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Dynamic Forces

Installation of subsea structures and equipment involves a lifting operation where the objects are exposed to large hydrodynamic forces when entering the oscillating sea-surface. During deployment, as the structure is lifted through the splash zone, snap forces due to slack or overload due to dynamic forces contribute to the maximum load experienced by the structure over the course of its design lifetime. This paper presents a method of how to verify the structural integrity of a subsea framework including determination of the maximum allowable sea-state in which the structure is safely installed. As well as describing an overall methodology for a subsea lifting analysis, hydrodynamic coefficients for cylinders in the splash zone is provided.

Towards Nonlinear Wave Reconstruction and Prediction From Synthetic Radar Images

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Operational Effectiveness ◽  
State Reconstruction ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
First Results ◽  
Marine Radar ◽  
Offshore Activities

The use of remotely wave sensing by a marine radar is increasingly needed to provide wave information for the sake of safety and operational effectiveness in many offshore activities. Reconstruction of radar images needs to be carried out since radar images are a poor representation of the sea surface elevation: effects like shadowing and tilt determine the backscattered intensity of the images. In [1], the sea state reconstruction and wave propagation to the radar has been tackled successfully for synthetic radar images of linear seas, except for a scaling in the vertical direction. The determination of the significant wave height from the shadowed images only has been described in [2]. This paper will summarize these methods, and provides the first results for the extension to nonlinear seas.

Dynamic Forces and Limiting Sea States for Installation of GRP Protection Covers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frøydis Solaas ◽  
Peter Christian Sandvik ◽  
Csaba Pâkozdi ◽  
Timothy Kendon ◽  
Kjell Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Added Mass ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Splash Zone ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Dynamic Forces ◽  
Theory Solution

This paper describes a study aimed at finding and demonstrating a feasible method to reduce the uncertainties in calculation of dynamic forces and limiting sea states for installation of protection covers produced from glass fiber reinforced polyester (GRP). Uncertainties arise in the choice of hydrodynamic coefficients and the applied analysis method e.g. the Simplified Method, as suggested in DNV-OS-H206, versus time-domain simulations. The maximum limiting sea state for water entry and lowering through the splash zone has been assessed stepwise by use of alternative methods. Firstly, the hydrodynamic force coefficients for a fully submerged, selected GRP cover were estimated manually, by use of simplified data in DNVGL-“Recommended practice for modelling and analysis of marine operations”, DNVGL-RP-H103. The estimated hydrodynamic added mass was compared with the potential theory solution obtained by use of WAMIT. WAMIT calculations are also performed to obtain added mass and potential damping for the cover with different draughts at the selected installation angle. Viscous damping and added mass will be dependent on amplitude of oscillation and is studied by CFD simulations. A fully submerged cover is oscillated harmonically with different amplitudes at a selected period. The obtained added mass and damping coefficients were used in a numerical model including installation ship, lifting gear and GRP cover, in the non-linear time domain simulation program SIMO. The lowering through the splash zone were finally performed in some selected wave conditions to illustrate how a realistic limiting sea-state for the lowering through the splash zone may be estimated.

Splash Zone Lifting Analysis of Subsea Structures

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunjyoti Sarkar ◽  
Ove T. Gudmestad
Keyword(s):  
Added Mass ◽  
Double Pendulum ◽  
Hydrodynamic Coefficients ◽  
Splash Zone ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Loading Case ◽  
Hoisting System ◽  
Water Particle Kinematics

The lifting analysis of a subsea structure determines the maximum allowable design sea state in which the structure can be installed safely. Normally, such analysis on the structure at the splash zone governs the expected largest forces in the hoisting system and in turn the allowable sea state since the water particle kinematics is larger in the splash zone. In this paper, the DNV Recommended Practice for Modelling and Analysis of Marine Operation (DNV-RP-H103, April 2009) is discussed with emphasis on the hydrodynamic coefficients and analysis methodology for the splash zone lifting analysis. An approach is suggested here to take into account the free surface proximity effect on added mass of flat surfaces in the absence of test results. Discussions on the following points are also included: • For structures which show restricted sea state due to large double pendulum motion and consequently high dynamic tension in the crane wire, a solution could be obtained by lowering the sling angles. • For inertia dominated structures, the drag coefficients should be chosen with caution unless experimental results are available since the drag may induce unrealistic damping in the system. • For the structural design of large subsea structures, the design DAF for submerged condition should be chosen from a preliminary lifting analysis result. The current industrial practice of using DAF = 2 with respect to the static submerged weight could be increased following the analysis result to optimise the use of the crane capacity by achieving a higher design sea state. • For lifting analysis of structures with large added mass / submerged weight, modelling of winch speed may represent a worse loading case as compared to the case with zero winch speed in the splash zone. • For the splash zone analysis, correct modelling of the stiffness of the crane structure along with the wire is important. The assumption that the crane structure is rigid may lead to unrealistic analysis results. Experimental programmes to obtain further information on the amplitude dependent characters of the hydrodynamic coefficients, the stiffness and the damping of the Crane, the wires etc are furthermore recommended.

scholarly journals Sea surface topography reconstruction from X-band radar images

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Serafino ◽  
C. Lugni ◽  
F. Soldovieri
Keyword(s):  
Sea Surface ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Sea Surface Topography ◽  
X Band ◽  
Sea Current ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
Inversion Procedure

Abstract. The paper deals with the feasibility study of the sea state monitoring starting from X-band radar images. The exploitation of radar images allows to achieve a global vision of the sea state compared to the local vision given by the usual sensors as the buoys. The processing approach is based on the formulation of problem as an inverse one where starting from the electromagnetic field backscattered by the sea surface, the information about the sea state are retrieved. The reliability of the inversion procedure is shown by processing synthetic and experimental data where particular attention is focussed to the determination of the sea current and speed of the vessel.

Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulation of hydrofoil effects on hydrodynamic coefficients of a catamaran in forced oscillation

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-383
Author(s):  
Amin Najafi ◽  
Mohammad Saeed Seif
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Hydrodynamic Coefficients ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Frequency Independent ◽  
Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes

Determination of high-speed crafts’ hydrodynamic coefficients will help to analyze the dynamics of these kinds of vessels and the factors affecting their dynamic stabilities. Also, it can be useful and effective in controlling the vessel instabilities. The main purpose of this study is to determine the coefficients of longitudinal motions of a planing catamaran with and without a hydrofoil using Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes method to evaluate the foil effects on them. Determination of hydrodynamic coefficients by experimental approach is costly and requires meticulous laboratory equipment; therefore, utilizing the numerical methods and developing a virtual laboratory seem highly efficient. In this study, the numerical results for hydrodynamic coefficients of a high-speed craft are verified against Troesch’s experimental results. In the following, after determination of hydrodynamic coefficients of a planing catamaran with and without foil, the foil effects on its hydrodynamic coefficients are evaluated. The results indicate that most of the coefficients are frequency-independent especially at high frequencies.

Low Wave Number Radar Image Energy Influence on Determining Current

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 6054-6059
Author(s):  
Gan Nan Yuan ◽  
Rui Cai Jia ◽  
Yun Tao Dai ◽  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Radar Image ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Main Effects

In the radar imaging mechanism different phenomena are present, as a result the radar image is not a direct representation of the sea state. In analyzing radar image spectra, it can be realized that all of these phenomena produce distortions in the wave spectrum. The main effects are more energy for very low frequencies. This work investigates the structure of the sea clutter spectrum, and analysis the low wave number energy influence on determining sea surface current. Then the radar measure current is validated by experiments. By comparing with the in situ data, we know that the radar results reversed by image spectrum without low wave number spectrum have high precision. The low wave number energy influent determining current seriously.

Determination of initial tsunami wave shape at sea surface

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail M. Lavrentiev ◽  
Alexey A. Romanenko ◽  
Dmitry E. Kuzakov ◽  
Alexander P. Vazhenin
Keyword(s):  
Tsunami Wave ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Wave Shape

Technical Analysis of Ocean Towing Evolutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartley Eckhardt ◽  
Daniel Fridline ◽  
Richard Burke
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Strain Monitoring ◽  
Load Limit ◽  
Offshore Oil

Ocean towing in general, and non-routine tows in particular, present unique technical challenges to towing vessel owners/operators, salvors, the offshore oil/gas and wind industries, and others. When such tows “go wrong”, the harm to human life, property and/or the environment can be significant. The authors have drawn from their work on the Towing Safety Advisory Committee’s investigation of the grounding of the MODU Kulluk to present methods and considerations in analyzing ocean towing evolutions, both “routine” and “non-routine”. (TASK 14-01) The methods and considerations presented should be employed in advance of a towing evolution, but can be used in accident reconstruction and forensic analysis when an evolution has failed. The methods presented are iterative, and consider 2 x 6 degree freedom of motion (of the towing vessel(s) and towed vessel respectively) and characteristics of the towline, and facilitate determination of: Worst Case Conditions. Extreme Towline Tension (ETT) as a function of sea state and speed. Limits of the Tow (Go-No Go Criteria). Recommended Catenary Length as a function of sea state and speed. Size and Selection of the Towing Vessel and Gear, including: Required Bollard Pull. Required Strength, Characteristics and Condition of the Towline. Limits and Set Points of the Towing Winch, Automatic or Manual. Required Strength and Characteristics of the Synthetic Emergency Towline and its methods of deployment and connection. Working Load Limit (WLL) of the Shackles, Delta Plate and Attachment Points. Required Strength and Characteristics of Bridles, Pendant and Surge Gear/Shock Lines. The authors further explore the implications of single point failure modes, redundancy in gear and towing vessel(s), high cycle fatigue, and strain monitoring.

Determination of the added masses and damping coefficients during coupled motions of two ships in shallow water parallel to the vertical wall

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
В.Ю. Семенова ◽  
К.И. Баканов
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Vertical Wall ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydrodynamic Coefficients ◽  
Damping Coefficients ◽  
Added Masses ◽  
Joint Motions ◽  
National Practice ◽  
Simultaneous Influence

В статье рассматривается определение коэффициентов демпфирования и присоединенных масс, возникающих при совместной качке двух судов в условиях мелководья параллельно вертикальной стенке на основании решения трехмерной потенциальной задачи. Определение гидродинамических коэффициентов осуществляется на основании методов интегральных уравнений и зеркальных отображений. Представленное решение в отечественной практике является новым. В статье приводятся результаты расчетов коэффициентов присоединенных масс и демпфирования, возникающих при качке двух одинаковых судов, расположенных лагом к волнению и параллельно вертикальной стенке в зависимости от изменения расстояний как между судами, так и между судами и вертикальной стенкой. Проводится исследование влияния различных фарватеров на величины гидродинамических коэффициентов, а именно: мелководного фарватера, мелководного фарватера с вертикальной стенкой, мелководного фарватера со вторым параллельно качающимся судном и мелководного фарватера с вертикальной стенкой и вторым судном. Таким образом, в работе учитывается одновременное влияния мелководья, вертикальной стенки и второго судна. Показано увеличение значений коэффициентов присоединенных масс и демпфирования при уменьшении расстояний между судами и между судами и вертикальной стенкой. Также показано значительное совместное влияние вертикальной стенки и второго судна на коэффициенты присоединенных масс и демпфирования по сравнению с другими видами стесненных фарватеров. The article discusses the determination of damping coefficients and added masses arising from the joint motions of two ships in shallow water conditions parallel to the vertical wall based on the solution of a three-dimensional potential problem. Determination of hydrodynamic coefficients is carried out on the basis of the methods of integral equations and mirror images. The solution presented in the national practice is new The article presents the results of calculating the coefficients of added masses and damping arising from the motions of two identical ships located lagged to the sea and parallel to the vertical wall, depending on the change in the distances between the ships and between the ships and the vertical wall. A study is being made of the influence of various waterways on the values ​​of hydrodynamic coefficients, namely: a shallow waterway, a shallow waterway with a vertical wall, a shallow waterway with a second parallel oscillating ship and a shallow waterway with a vertical wall and a second ship. Thus, the work takes into account the simultaneous influence of shallow water, vertical wall and the second ship. An increase in the values of the coefficients of added masses and damping with a decrease in the distances between ships and between ships and the vertical wall is shown. It also shows a significant combined effect of the vertical wall and the second ship on the added mass and damping coefficients in comparison with other types of constrained waterways.

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