Consideration of Environmentally Assisted Fatigue in Austenitic Stainless Steel — Applicability and Comparison of Existing Numerical Procedures

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven H. Reese ◽  
Johannes Seichter ◽  
Dietmar Klucke
Keyword(s):  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Computational Simulations ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Calculation Procedures ◽  
Real Plant ◽  
Plant Components

Consideration of environmentally assisted fatigue (EAF) is in discussion internationally. In German KTA Rules the effect is taken into account by means of so called attention thresholds. While the laboratory phenomena themselves are being accepted widely, numerical calculation procedures are revised continuously and transition from laboratory to real plant components is not clarified yet. Since NUREG/CR-6909, formulas for calculating the Fen factors have been modified several times. For example in ANL-LWRS47-2011 a new set of formulas was published and slightly revised by ANL in 2012. Various calculation procedures like the strain-integrated method and simplified approach have been published while each approach yields to different results. Beyond this, additional topics like weld factors or plasticity correction factors have to be taken into account. Calculation procedures depending on the level of detail and in the description of loads are yielding to significant variations in the results. Respecting these topics in context of different levels of detail in computational simulations, numerical cumulative usage factor (CUF) evaluation results are likely to differ, depending on the assumptions made. On the basis of a practical example, methods and approaches will be discussed and recommendations in terms of avoiding over-conservatism and misinterpretation will be presented.

scholarly journals The level of detail for 4D BIM modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 1209 (1) ◽  
pp. 012002
Author(s):  
Y Nechyporchuk ◽  
R Baskova
Keyword(s):  
Level Of Detail ◽  
The Past ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract 4D modeling has been actively developing over the past decade along with the progress of BIM implementation. 4D model can provide enhanced early decisions about the space-temporal criticality of work elements. This models is a collection of graphical and scheduling information about an object. These inputs can have different levels of detail (LOD). In creating and using BIM projects, the LOD of datasets is an important aspect. However, to date there is limited research thoroughly investigating the issue of LOD within 4D models. The article provides an overview of studies related to the level of detail for 4D models, and also describes the impact of LOD on the final 4D model.

scholarly journals Multivariate Maps—A Glyph-Placement Algorithm to Support Multivariate Geospatial Visualization

Information ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
Liam McNabb ◽  
Robert S. Laramee
Keyword(s):  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Exploration Process ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Placement Algorithm ◽  
Smooth Transitions ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Meaningful Data

Maps are one of the most conventional types of visualization used when conveying information to both inexperienced users and advanced analysts. However, the multivariate representation of data on maps is still considered an unsolved problem. We present a multivariate map that uses geo-space to guide the position of multivariate glyphs and enable users to interact with the map and glyphs, conveying meaningful data at different levels of detail. We develop an algorithm pipeline for this process and demonstrate how the user can adjust the level-of-detail of the resulting imagery. The algorithm features a unique combination of guided glyph placement, level-of-detail, dynamic zooming, and smooth transitions. We present a selection of user options to facilitate the exploration process and provide case studies to support how the application can be used. We also compare our placement algorithm with previous geo-spatial glyph placement algorithms. The result is a novel glyph placement solution to support multi-variate maps.

scholarly journals Scalable processing of massive geodata in the cloud: generating a level-of-detail structure optimized for web visualization

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Michel Krämer ◽  
Ralf Gutbell ◽  
Hendrik M. Würz ◽  
Jannis Weil
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Geometric Error ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Divide And Conquer ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
Hierarchical Tree ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Web Visualization ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract. We present a cloud-based approach to transform arbitrarily large terrain data to a hierarchical level-of-detail structure that is optimized for web visualization. Our approach is based on a divide-and-conquer strategy. The input data is split into tiles that are distributed to individual workers in the cloud. These workers apply a Delaunay triangulation with a maximum number of points and a maximum geometric error. They merge the results and triangulate them again to generate less detailed tiles. The process repeats until a hierarchical tree of different levels of detail has been created. This tree can be used to stream the data to the web browser. We have implemented this approach in the frameworks Apache Spark and GeoTrellis. Our paper includes an evaluation of our approach and the implementation. We focus on scalability and runtime but also investigate bottlenecks, possible reasons for them, as well as options for mitigation. The results of our evaluation show that our approach and implementation are scalable and that we are able to process massive terrain data.

Development of a Simulation-Based Process Chain – Strategy for Different Levels of Detail for the Preprocessing Definitions

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni A. Krol ◽  
Sebastian Westhäuser ◽  
M. F. Zäh ◽  
Johannes Schilp ◽  
G. Groth
Keyword(s):  
Process Chain ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Different Levels

Architecture for Symbolic Object Warehouse

2009 ◽  
pp. 648-657
Author(s):  
Sandra Elizabeth González Císaro ◽  
Héctor Oscar Nigro
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Warehouse ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Data Complexity ◽  
Intrinsic Structure ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Design Systems ◽  
Central Database ◽  
Different Levels

Much information stored in current databases is not always present at necessary different levels of detail or granularity for Decision-Making Processes (DMP). Some organizations have implemented the use of central database - Data Warehouse (DW) - where information performs analysis tasks. This fact depends on the Information Systems (IS) maturity, the type of informational requirements or necessities the organizational structure and business own characteristic. A further important point is the intrinsic structure of complex data; nowadays it is very common to work with complex data, due to syntactic or semantic aspects and the processing type (Darmont et al., 2006). Therefore, we must design systems, which can to maintain data complexity to improve the DMP.

Kinetics Study of the Acidic Catalyzed Polymerization of Tetraethoxysilane by 29Si NMR.

1988 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Pouxviel ◽  
J. P. Boilot
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Hydrolysis Rate ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
29Si Nmr ◽  
Condensation Reactions ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Degree Of Condensation ◽  
By Products ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACTTEOS has been hydrolysed under acidic condition with stoichiome-tric or excess amount of water. Evolution of the silicon species is followed by 29Si NMR. The data are analyzed at different levels of detail; first, analysis of the by products of polymerization reactions, second determination of the extents and overall rate constants of hydrolysis and condensation reactions and finally kinetics simulations of the evolution taking into account all the present silicon species. We have shown that the hydrolysis rate increases with the number of hydroxyl groups, and the reesterification reactions have a significant contribution. We also found that condensation reactions preferentially occur with loss of water between the more hydrolyzed monomers; their rates rapidly decrease with the degree of condensation. We compare the two compositions as a function of their water content and pH.

scholarly journals The constructs of site layout modeling: an overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnaz Sadeghpour ◽  
Mohsen Andayesh
Keyword(s):  
Construction Sites ◽  
Layout Planning ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Site Layout ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Levels

The efficient planning of site space through the course of a construction project is referred to as site layout planning. Due to its impact on safety, productivity and security on construction sites, several site layout planning models have been developed in the past decades. These models have the common aim of generating best layouts considering the defined constraints and conditions. However, the underlying assumptions that were made during the development of these models seem disparate and often implicit. This study provides an overview of the existing models and aims to draw a holistic view of variables that have been considered at different levels of detail and using different approaches in the site layout literature. Through close examination and comparative analysis of existing models, this study identifies the components that need to be considered for site layout modeling, referred to as constructs. Possible approaches that can be used to realize each construct are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are discussed. It is hoped that this study contributes to a better understanding of site layout modeling, and provide an outline for the development of new site layout planning models.

scholarly journals High-Efficiency Simulation Framework to Analyze the Impact of Exhaust Air from COVID-19 Temporary Hospitals and its Typical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglian Gu ◽  
Zhe Zheng ◽  
Pengju Zhao ◽  
Linlin Xie ◽  
Zhen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Medical Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

The outbreak of COVID-19 resulted in severe pressure on the existing medical infrastructure in China. Several Chinese cities began to construct temporary hospitals for the centralized treatment of COVID-19 patients. The harmful exhaust air from the outlets of these hospitals may have a significant adverse impact on the fresh-air intakes and surrounding environment. Owing to the need to rapidly construct these hospitals within 6–10 days, just a few hours are allowed for the analysis of the impact of this exhaust air on the environment. To overcome this difficulty, a high-efficiency simulation framework is proposed in this study. Based on the open-source computational fluid dynamics software, FDS, the proposed framework is adaptive and incorporates building information with different levels of detail during various design phases of the hospital, and has been applied in the design of the Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital, the first typical COVID-19 temporary hospital in China. According to the simulation results, neither the fresh-air intakes nor the surrounding buildings would be polluted by the harmful air discharged from the air outlets of the Huoshenshan hospital. The proposed simulation framework can provide a reference for the design and overall planning of similar hospitals in China and other affected countries.

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