scholarly journals Equi-Biaxial Loading Effect on Austenitic Stainless Steel Fatigue Life

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bradaï ◽  
C. Gourdin ◽  
S. Courtin ◽  
J. C. Le Roux ◽  
C. Gardin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Biaxial Loading ◽  
Biaxial Tension ◽  
Strain Tensor ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Fatigue Lifetime ◽  
Biaxial Fatigue

Fatigue lifetime assessment is essential in the design of structures. Under-estimated predictions may result in unnecessary in service inspections. Conversely, over-estimated predictions may have serious consequences on the integrity of structures. In some nuclear power plant components, the fatigue loading may be equi-biaxial because of thermal fatigue. So the potential impact of multiaxial loading on the fatigue life of components is a major concern. Meanwhile, few experimental data are available on austenitic stainless steels. It is essential to improve the fatigue assessment methodologies to take into account the potential equi-biaxial fatigue damage. Hence this requires obtaining experimental data on the considered material with a strain tensor in equi-biaxial tension. The aim of this paper is to present the experimental results obtained with a device “FABIME2” developed in the LISN in collaboration with EDF and AREVA. The specimen geometry is optimized by FEM (Cast3M) simulation in order to obtain a stress concentration localized in the central region during the test. This device allows accurate quantification of the effects of both equi-biaxial strain state as well as structure (such as mean stress) on the fatigue life.

Crack Initiation Under Equibiaxial Fatigue, Development of a Particular Equibiaxial Fatigue Device

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bradaï ◽  
C. Gourdin ◽  
S. Courtin ◽  
J. C. Leroux ◽  
C. Gardin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Biaxial Tension ◽  
Strain Tensor ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
New Device ◽  
Fatigue Development

Fatigue lifetime assessment is essential in the design of structures. Under-estimated predictions may result in unnecessary in service inspections. Conversely, over-estimated predictions may have serious consequences on the integrity of structures. In some nuclear power plant components, the fatigue loading may be equi-biaxial because of thermal fatigue. So the potential impact of multiaxial loading on the fatigue life of components is a major concern. Meanwhile, few experimental data on austenitic stainless steels is available. It is essential to improve the fatigue assessment methodologies to take into account the potential equi-biaxial fatigue damage. For this reason, a new experimental data must be obtained on the considered material with a strain tensor in equi-biaxial tension. The aim of this paper is to present a new device “FABIME2” developed in the LISN in collaboration with EDF and AREVA. This new device allows accurate quantification of the effects of both equi-biaxial strain state as well as structure (such as mean stress) on the fatigue life. A Finite Element Modeling is also performed in order to obtain a precise description of the strain state in the specimen.

scholarly journals Equi-Biaxial Loading Effect on Austenitic Stainless Steel Fatigue Life

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bradaï ◽  
C. Gourdin ◽  
S. Courtin ◽  
J. C. Le Roux ◽  
C. Gardin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Strain Tensor ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Biaxial Fatigue ◽  
The Impact

Fatigue lifetime assessment is essential in the design of structures. Under-estimated predictions may result in unnecessary in service inspections. Conversely, over-estimated predictions may have serious consequences on the integrity of structures. In some nuclear power plant components, the fatigue loading may be equi-biaxial because of thermal fatigue. So the potential impact of multiaxial loading on the fatigue life of components is a major concern. Meanwhile, few experimental data are available on austenitic stainless steels. It is essential to improve the fatigue assessment methodologies to take into account the potential equi-biaxial fatigue damage. Hence this requires obtaining experimental data on the considered material with a strain tensor in equi-biaxial tension. Two calibration tests (with strain gauges and image correlation) were used to obtain the relationship between the imposed deflection and the radial strain on the FABIME2 specimen. A numerical study has confirmed this relationship. Biaxial fatigue tests are carried out on two austenitic stainless steels for different values of the maximum deflection, and with a load ratio equal to −1. The interpretation of the experimental results requires the use of an appropriate definition of strain equivalent. In nuclear industry, two kinds of definition are used: von Mises and TRESCA strain equivalent. These results have permitted to estimate the impact of the equibiaxiality on the fatigue life of components.

Specificity of Crack Initiation under Equibiaxial Fatigue: Development of a New Experimental Device

2014 ◽  
Vol 891-892 ◽  
pp. 1329-1334
Author(s):  
Soumaya Bradaï ◽  
Cédric Gourdin ◽  
Stephan Courtin ◽  
Jean Christophe Leroux ◽  
Catherine Gardin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Strain State ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Strain Tensor ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Mean Stress ◽  
New Device ◽  
Fatigue Development

Fatigue lifetime assessment is essential in the design of structures. Under-estimated predictions may result in unnecessary in-service inspections. Conversely, over-estimated predictions may have serious consequences on the integrity of structures. In some nuclear power plant components, the fatigue loading may be equibiaxial because of thermal fatigue. So the potential impact of multiaxial loading on the fatigue life of components is a major concern. Meanwhile, few experimental data are available on austenitic stainless steels. It is essential to improve the fatigue assessment methodologies to take into account the potential equibiaxial fatigue damage. Hence this requires obtaining experimental data on the considered material and with a strain tensor in equibiaxial tension. This paper describes an experimental program on austenitic stainless steel carried out on the new experimental fatigue device FABIME2 developed in the LISN in collaboration with EDF and AREVA. This new device allows accurate quantification of the effects of both equibiaxial strain state as well as structural parameters (such as mean stress) on the fatigue life. It also allows studying the complexity of combinations between potential detrimental effects like surface roughness, mean stress and equibiaxial loading. Different load ratios can be tested by adjusting the loading conditions. A Finite Element Modeling is performed in order to obtain a precise description of the strain state in the specimen. The results of the on-going test campaign will be presented.

Life Prediction Method of CC and DS Ni Base Superalloys Under High Temperature Biaxial Fatigue Loading

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Strain Range ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Normal Strain ◽  
Biaxial Fatigue

Polycrystalline conventional casting (CC) and directionally solidified (DS) Ni base superalloys are widely used as gas turbine blade materials. It was reported that the surface of a gas turbine blade is subjected to a biaxial tensile-compressive fatigue loading during a start-stop operation, based on finite element stress analysis results. It is necessary to establish the life prediction method of these superalloys under biaxial fatigue loading for reliable operations. In this study, the in-plane biaxial fatigue tests with different phases of x and y directional strain cycles were conducted on both CC and DS Ni base superalloys (IN738LC and GTD111DS) at high temperatures. The strain ratio ϕ was defined as the ratio between the x and y directional strains at 1/4 cycle and was varied from 1 to −1. In ϕ=1 and −1. The main cracks propagated in both the x and y directions in the CC superalloy. On the other hand, the main cracks of the DS superalloy propagated only in the x direction, indicating that the failure resistance in the solidified direction is weaker than that in the direction normal to the solidified direction. Although the biaxial fatigue life of the CC superalloy was correlated with the conventional Mises equivalent strain range, that of the DS superalloy depended on ϕ. The new biaxial fatigue life criterion, equivalent normal strain range for the DS superalloy was derived from the iso-fatigue life curve on a principal strain plane defined in this study. Fatigue life of the DS superalloy was correlated with the equivalent normal strain range. Fatigue life of the DS superalloy under equibiaxial fatigue loading was significantly reduced by introducing compressive strain hold dwell. Life prediction under equibiaxial fatigue loading with the compressive strain hold was successfully made by the nonlinear damage accumulation model. This suggests that the proposed method can be applied to life prediction of the gas turbine DS blades, which are subjected to biaxial fatigue loading during operation.

scholarly journals PWR Effect on Crack Initiation Under Equi-Biaxial Loading Development of the Experiment

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Perez ◽  
C. Gourdin ◽  
S. Courtin ◽  
J. C. Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
Biaxial Loading ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Fatigue Curve ◽  
Structural Effect ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Fatigue Lifetime ◽  
New Device ◽  
Fatigue Design ◽  
Penalty Factor ◽  
Mean Strain

Fatigue lifetime assessment is essential in the design of structures. Under-estimated lifetime predictions may generate overly conservative usage factor values and hence result in unnecessary in-service inspections. In the framework of upgrading the fatigue design rules (RCC-M, RCC-MRx), the uniaxial reference fatigue curve was altered by taking into account effects like: Multiaxiality, Mean stress or strain, Surface roughness (polished or ground), Scale effect, Loading History... In addition to this effect, Environmentally Assisted Fatigue is also receiving nowadays an increased level of attention. To formally integrate these effects, some international codes have already proposed and suggested a modification of the austenitic stainless steels fatigue curve combined with a calculation of an environmental penalty factor, namely Fen, which has to be multiplied by the usual fatigue usage factor. The aim of this paper is to present a new device “FABIME2E” developed in the LISN in collaboration with EDF and AREVA. These new tests allow quantifying accurately the effect of PWR environment on semi-structure specimen. This new device combines the structural effect like equibiaxiality and mean strain and the environmental penalty effect with the use of PWR environment during the fatigue tests.

Stiffness Degradation of Digital Polypropylene Under Fatigue Loading: Investigations via 3-Dimensional Polyjet Printed Coupons

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Pratap Singh Tomar ◽  
Furkan I. Ulu ◽  
Ajit Kelkar ◽  
Ram V. Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Stiffness Degradation ◽  
Damage State ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Accumulated Damage ◽  
Polyjet Printing

Abstract The utilization of additively manufactured parts is gaining popularity in functional applications. Polymer-based additive manufacturing (AM) parts are utilized in a variety of engineering applications for automotive, aerospace, and energy. AM printed parts are however newer class of materials, and structural performance of these materials is not fully understood completely, and very limited exists currently on precisely performance of Polyjet printed parts and associated digital materials under fatigue loading. This paper investigates the stiffness degradation under tension-tension fatigue loading of digital polypropylene using homogenous 3-Dimensional test coupons formed using PolyJet printing. Homogeneous 3-Dimensional test configuration employed in the present study eliminates the process-induced limitations of traditional ASTM D638 2D fatigue test coupons for AM processed materials. Fatigue data is analyzed to present an empirical model of effective elastic modulus and an analytical model of the accumulated damage state, as defined on the basis of stiffness degradation during cyclic loading. Further, the actual damage accumulation due to cyclic loading with the predicted model is compared. Modeling of the S-N diagram provides a better estimation of fatigue life and fatigue life modeling of AM printed test coupons and is obtained via linear regression analysis of experimental data with high correlation coefficient R2 (0.9971). The analytical model of the accumulated damage state is based on the stiffness degradation and is derived from the regression analysis of experimental data of stiffness degradation at different loading percentages assuming a polynomial of degree 4. Present study provides insight into the fatigue damage state and cyclic performance of digital polypropylene from Polyjet printing.

scholarly journals The elasto-plastic Point Method to estimate fatigue lifetime of notched metallic materials under variable amplitude multiaxial fatigue loading

2019 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 13004
Author(s):  
Namiq Zuhair Faruq ◽  
Luca Susmel
Keyword(s):  
Biaxial Loading ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Multiaxial Fatigue ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Fatigue Lifetime ◽  
Fatigue Assessment ◽  
Variable Amplitude ◽  
Strain Components

The present paper deals with the formulation and implementation of a novel fatigue lifetime estimation technique suitable for designing notched components against multiaxial fatigue. This fatigue assessment procedure was devised by combining the Modified Manson-Coffin Curve Method and the Shear Strain-Maximum Variance Method with the elasto-plastic Point Method. The accuracy of the approach being proposed was checked against a large number of experimental results that were generated by testing notched cylindrical samples of medium-carbon steel En8. These tests were run under proportional/non-proportional constant/variable amplitude biaxial loading, with the effect of non-zero mean stresses and different frequencies between the axial and torsional stress/strain components being also investigated. The results from this validation exercise demonstrate that the novel multiaxial fatigue assessment methodology being proposed is highly accurate, with its systematic usage resulting in predictions falling within an error factor of 2. This remarkable level of accuracy is very promising especially in light of the fact that this approach can be applied by directly post-processing the results from elasto-plastic Finite Element (FE) models solved using commercial codes.

Proposal of New Biaxial Fatigue Life Prediction Parameter by Using the Effective Shear Stress for CF8M Stainless Steels

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 1840-1845
Author(s):  
Joong Cheul Park ◽  
Jae Do Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Biaxial Loading ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Life Prediction ◽  
Maximum Shear Strain ◽  
Biaxial Fatigue ◽  
The Many

A combined axial-torsional low cycle fatigue test was carried out to predict the fatigue life under in-phase and out-out-phase loading conditions for CF8M cast stainless steels. The Fatemi-Socie (FS) parameter which is based on the critical plane approach is not only one of the many methods but also the best method that can predict the fatigue life under a biaxial loading condition. But the result showed that, a biaxial fatigue life prediction by using the FS parameter with several different parameters for the CF8M cast stainless steels is not conservative enough but at the same time it was the best result so far. So in this present research, we proposed a new fatigue life prediction parameter (Park-Kwon parameter) by considering effective the shear stress instead of the FS parameter which considers the maximum normal stress acting on the maximum shear strain and its effectiveness was verified.

scholarly journals Environmental Effect on Fatigue Crack Initiation under Equi-Biaxial Loading of an Austenitic Stainless Steel

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Gourdin ◽  
Grégory Perez ◽  
Hager Dhahri ◽  
Laurent De Baglion ◽  
Jean-Christophe Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Biaxial Loading ◽  
Fatigue Crack Initiation ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Complex Loading ◽  
Fatigue Curve ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
New Device ◽  
Penalty Factor

The lifetime extension of nuclear power stations is considered an energy challenge worldwide. That is why the risk analysis and the study of various effects of different factors that could potentially prevent safe long-term operation are necessary. These structures, often of great dimensions, are subjected during their life to complex loading combining varying multiaxial mechanical loads with non-zero mean values associated with temperature fluctuations under a PWR (pressure water reactor) environment. Based on more recent fatigue data (including tests at 300 °C in air and a PWR environment, etc.), some international codes (RCC-M, ASME, and others) have proposed and suggested a modification of the austenitic stainless steels fatigue curve combined with a calculation of an environmental penalty factor, namely Fen, which has to be multiplied by the usual fatigue usage factor. The determination of the field of validation of the application of this penalty factor requires obtaining experimental data. The aim of this paper is to present a new device, “FABIME2e” developed in the LISN (Laboratory of Integrity of Structures and Normalization) in collaboration with EDF (Electricity of France) and Framatome. These new tests allow the effect of a PWR environment on a disk specimen to be quantified. This new device combines structural effects such as equibiaxiality and mean strain and the environmental penalty effect with the use of a PWR environment during fatigue tests.

Life Prediction Method of CC and DS Ni Base Superalloys Under High Temperature Biaxial Fatigue Loading

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Ogata ◽  
Takayuki Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Strain Range ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Normal Strain ◽  
Biaxial Fatigue

Polycrystalline conventional casting (CC) and directionally solidified (DS) Ni base superalloys are widely used as gas turbine blade materials. It was reported that surface of a gas turbine blade is subjected to biaxial tensile-compressive fatigue loading during start-stop operation based on finite stress analysis results. It is necessary to establish life prediction method of these superalloys under biaxial fatigue loading for reliable operation. In this study, the in-plane biaxial fatigue tests with different phase of x and y directional strain cycles were conducted on both a CC and a DS Ni base superalloys (IN738LC and GTD111DS) at high temperatures. The strain ratio, φ was defined as a ratio between x and y directional strains at 1/4 cycle and was varied from 1 to −1. In φ = 1 and −1, cracks propagated in both x and y directions in the CC supealloy. On the other hand, the main cracks of the DS superalloy propagated only in the x direction indicating failure resistance in the solidified direction is weaker than that in the direction normal to the solidified direction. Although biaxial fatigue life of the CC superalloy was correlated with conventional Mises equivalent strain range, that of DS superalloy was not. New biaxial fatigue life criterion, equivalent normal strain range for the DS superalloy was derived from iso-fatigue life curve on a principal strain plane defined in this study. Fatigue life of the DS superalloy was correlated with the equivalent normal strain range. Fatigue life of the DS superalloy under equi-biaxial fatigue loading was significantly reduced by introducing compressive strain hold dwell. Life prediction under equi-biaxial fatigue loading with the compressive strain hold was successfully made by the nonlinear damage accumulation model indicating that the proposed method can apply to life prediction of gas turbine blades under biaxial fatigue loading.

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