Identifying the Effects of Knee Anatomy Variation on the Envelope of Knee Motion (Varus-Valgus) Using Principal Components

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit M. Mane ◽  
Chadd W. Clary ◽  
Amber N. Reeve ◽  
Lorin P. Maletsky ◽  
David FitzPatrick
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Knee Motion ◽  
Active Motion ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
Knee Anatomy ◽  
Human Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Joint Kinematics

The motion patterns of the human knee joint depend on its passive motion characteristics, which are described by the ligamentious and articular constraints. Since active motions, like walking and squatting are believed to fall within a passive envelope, the basis for the understanding of the knee joint kinematics lies in the description of its passive constraint characteristics [1]. Although several authors studied passive envelope characteristics of a knee, it is not clear from the literature which anatomical structures guide the knee in passive or active motion and how their geometric arrangement produces the unique path of passive knee motion [1–3]. A few mathematical models have been developed to study the structures that guide the passive knee motion [1, 2]. However, their hypotheses were not supported by a sufficiently detailed ligament bundle model, soft tissue properties, ligament insertion-origin sites and their intra-subject variability. To explain the relationship between knee anatomy and its variability with three-dimensional knee motion completely, new methodology must be developed. The objective of the present study was to estimate the effects of variation in knee anatomical factors on the tibiofemoral passive envelope using a multivariate analysis technique, principal component (PC) analysis.

Evaluating Relationship Between Passive Knee Envelope and a Dynamically Simulated Walk

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit M. Mane ◽  
Lorin P. Maletsky
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Human Knee Joint ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Knee Joint Kinematics ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Muscle Activations ◽  
Tibiofemoral Kinematics

The motion patterns of the human knee joint depend on its passive motion characteristics, which are described by the ligamentious and articular constraints. Since active motions, like walking and squatting are believed to fall within a passive envelope, the basis for the understanding of the knee joint kinematics lies in the description of its passive constraint characteristics [1]. The link between the knee passive envelope and the kinematics during various dynamic activities has not been studied. It is unclear how the articular geometry and muscle activations of the knee influence the contribution of ligament constraints during dynamic activities. To explain the relationship between knee passive envelope and dynamic activities completely, new methodology must be developed. The objective of the present study was to estimate the effects of variation in passive knee envelope on the tibiofemoral kinematics during dynamically simulated gait using a multivariate analysis technique, principal component (PC) analysis.

Cadaveric Evaluation of Soft-Tissue Constraint in the Human Knee

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Cyr ◽  
Lorin Maletsky
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Joint Kinematics ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Passive Motion ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Human Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Joint Kinematics ◽  
Motion Characteristics

The motion patterns of the human knee joint depend on its passive motion characteristics, which are described by the ligamentous and articular constraints. Since active motions, like walking and squatting are believe to fall within a passive envelope, the basis for the understanding of the knee joint kinematics lies in the description of its passive characteristics.

In Vivo Tracking of the Human Patella Using Cine Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 650-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Sheehan ◽  
F. E. Zajac ◽  
J. E. Drace
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Knee Joint Kinematics ◽  
Cine Phase Contrast

Improper patellar tracking is often considered to be the cause of patellar-femoral pain. Unfortunately, our knowledge of patellar-femoral-tibial (knee) joint kinematics is severely limited due to a lack of three-dimensional, noninvasive, in vivo measurement techniques. This study presents the first large-scale, dynamic, three-dimensional, noninvasive, in vivo study of nonimpaired knee joint kinematics during volitional leg extensions. Cine-phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure the velocity profiles of the patella, femur, and tibia in 18 unimpaired knees during leg extensions, resisted by a 34 N weight. Bone displacements were calculated through integration and then converted into three-dimensional orientation angles. We found that the patella displaced laterally, superiorly, and anteriorly as the knee extended. Further, patellar flexion lagged knee flexion, patellar tilt was variable, and patellar rotation was fairly constant throughout extension.

Studying the Intact, ACL-Deficient and Reconstructed Human Knee Joint Using a Finite Element Model

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achilles Vairis ◽  
Markos Petousis ◽  
George Stefanoudakis ◽  
Nectarios Vidakis ◽  
Betina Kandyla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
Human Knee Joint ◽  
Calculated Load ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

The human knee joint has a three dimensional geometry with multiple body articulations that produce complex mechanical responses under loads that occur in everyday life and sports activities. Knowledge of the complex mechanical interactions of these load bearing structures is of help when the treatment of relevant diseases is evaluated and assisting devices are designed. The anterior cruciate ligament in the knee connects the femur to the tibia and is often torn during a sudden twisting motion, resulting in knee instability. The objective of this work is to study the mechanical behavior of the human knee joint in typical everyday activities and evaluate the differences in its response for three different states, intact, injured and reconstructed knee. Three equivalent finite element models were developed. For the reconstructed model a novel repair device developed and patented by the authors was employed. For the verification of the developed models, static load cases presented in a previous modeling work were used. Mechanical stresses calculated for the load cases studied, were very close to results presented in previous experimentally verified work, in both load distribution and maximum calculated load values.

DIFFERENCES IN KNEE JOINT KINEMATICS AND KINETICS DURING LEVEL WALKING AND WALKING WITH TWO TYPES OF POLES — FOCUS ON KNEE VARUS MOMENT

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 1350018
Author(s):  
Susumu Ota ◽  
Ai Nakanishi ◽  
Hirotaka Sato ◽  
Seiji Akita ◽  
Kazunori Hase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Joint Kinematics ◽  
Level Walking ◽  
Front Condition ◽  
Knee Joint Kinematics ◽  
Gait Modification ◽  
Kinematics And Kinetics

Walking with poles is one of the gait modification strategies for reducing external knee varus moments in people with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, there are two types of pole techniques, Nordic walking (NW: pole back condition) and pole walking (PW: pole front condition). The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in knee joint kinematics, and kinetics during level walking, and two types of walking with poles. A total of 22 subjects with a mean age of 21.2 years (SD: 1.3 years) participated. Three-dimensional gait analysis was conducted on level walking (LW), NW and PW. The first and second peaks of the knee kinematic and kinetic data and ground reaction forces were used. No significant differences were found between NW and PW in the knee kinematics and kinetics data. The second peak of the knee varus moment in NW and PW (0.34 and 0.33 Nm/kg, respectively) was significantly decreased compared to LW (0.42 Nm/kg, p < 0.01; Effect size = 0.70, p < 0.01; Effect size = 0.82). The first peak of the flexion moment in the knee during NW (1.2 Nm/kg) was significantly higher compared to LW (1.2 Nm/kg, p < 0.01; Effect size = 0.98). However, the present study could not clarify any different effect on the knee joint due to different instructions of the back pole and forward pole technique.

MEASUREMENT AND FITTING ON 3-D ARTICULAR SURFACES OF THE HUMAN KNEE JOINT

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
XISHI WANG ◽  
LI-QUN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reconstruction Error ◽  
Reconstruction Procedure ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Articular Surfaces ◽  
Human Knee Joint ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Articulating Surface ◽  
Relative Analysis

In this study, the OptoTrak system was employed to collect the articulating surface measurements of the human knee for the femur, tibia and patella in three experimented specimens. Furthermore, a rigorous mathematical reconstruction procedure that estimates reconstruction error was completed by employed the relative analysis tools. The results show, the measurements for each session were able to reconstruct the three-dimensional calibration to a precision of 0.02mm. On the other word, the OptoTrak can be used to obtain the precise measurements of analytical surface of the human knee joint.

Comprehensive Identification of Tibiofemoral Joint Anatomy and Mechanical Response: Pathway to Multiscale Characterization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snehal Chokhandre ◽  
Craig Bennetts ◽  
Jason Halloran ◽  
Robb Colbrunn ◽  
Tara Bonner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
Multiscale Mechanics ◽  
Human Knee Joint

The human knee joint is a complex multi-body structure, whose substructures greatly affect its mechanical response. An understanding of the multiscale mechanics of the joint is essential for the prevention and treatment of knee joint injuries and pathologies. Due to the limitations associated with in vivo experimentation, mechanical characterization of the knee joint has commonly relied on in vitro experimentation [1,2]. Predictive and descriptive studies of the mechanical function of the knee and its substructures have commonly employed computational modeling, in particular finite element (FE) analysis, which can be driven by experimental data. With the recent focus on the use of FE models of the knee joint for scientific and clinical purposes [3–5], data for model development, verification, and validation became increasingly important, especially when relying on FE analysis for decision making. An adequate representation of a joint not only depends on the specimen-specific anatomy but may also need to be informed by specimen-specific tissue properties for model development, and specimen-specific joint/tissue response to confirm model response.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document