Piezoelectric Patch-Based Energy Harvesting on a Heavy Duty Vehicle Panel

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bugra Bayik ◽  
Amirreza Aghakhani ◽  
Ugur Aridogan ◽  
Ipek Basdogan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Fe Simulations ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicle ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Power Outputs

Vibration-based energy harvesting has drawn significant attention from different engineering disciplines over the last two decades. The studies in this research area have mostly concentrated on cantilevered piezoelectric beam harvesters under base excitations. As an alternative to beam arrangements, patch-based piezoelectric energy harvesters can be integrated on large plate-like structures such as panels of automotive, marine and aerospace applications to extract useful electrical power during their operation. In this paper, electroelastic finite element (FE) simulations of a patch-based piezoelectric energy harvester structurally integrated on a panel of a heavy duty vehicle are presented during different phases of operation. FE model of the panel together with a piezoceramic harvester patch is built using ANSYS software. The FE model takes into account coupled electromechanical dynamics and the fully-conductive electrode layers of the harvester patch. The vibration response of the panel as well as the voltage output of the harvester patch under operating conditions is simulated using the forces obtained from experimental measurements on the heavy duty vehicle. Excitation forces are calculated from operational acceleration measurements using matrix inversion method, which is a force identification technique. Two different operating conditions of the heavy duty vehicle are considered: stationary and moving on a test track while the engine was running. Using the excitation forces in the FE simulations, the electrical power generation of the harvester patch is predicted for a wide range of resistive loads. Electrical power outputs are then presented for short-circuit and open-circuit conditions. The numerical results show that the use of a harvester patch attached on a panel of a heavy duty vehicle generates reasonably well electrical power outputs.

scholarly journals Geometrical Investigation of Piezoelectric Patches for Broadband Energy Harvesting in Non-Deterministic Composite Plates

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7370
Author(s):  
Asan G. A. Muthalif ◽  
Abdelrahman Ali ◽  
Jamil Renno ◽  
Azni N. Wahid ◽  
Khairul A. M. Nor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

Mechanical energy is the most ubiquitous form of energy that can be harvested and converted into useful electrical power. For this reason, the piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs), with their inherent electromechanical coupling and high-power density, have been widely incorporated in many applications to generate power from ambient mechanical vibrations. However, one of the main challenges to the wider adoption of PEHs is how to optimize their design for maximum energy harvesting. In this paper, an investigation was conducted on the energy harvesting from seven piezoelectric patch shapes (differing in the number of edges) when attached to a non-deterministic laminated composite (single/double lamina) plate subjected to change in fiber orientation. The performance of the PEHs was examined through a coupled-field finite element (FE) model. The plate was simply supported, and its dynamics were randomized by attaching randomly distributed point masses on the plate surface in addition to applying randomly located time-harmonic point forces. The randomization of point masses and point force location on a thin plate produce non-deterministic response. The design optimization was performed by employing the ensemble-responses of the electrical potential developed across the electrodes of the piezoelectric patches. The results present the optimal fiber orientation and patch shape for maximum energy harvesting in the case of single and double lamina composite plates. The results show that the performance is optimal at 0° or 90° fiber orientation for single-lamina, and at 0°/0° and 0°/90° fiber orientations for double-lamina composites. For frequencies below 25 Hz, patches with a low number of edges exhibited a higher harvesting performance (triangular for single-lamina/quadrilateral for double-lamina). As for the broadband frequencies (above 25 Hz), the performance was optimal for the patches with a higher number of edges (dodecagonal for single-lamina/octagonal for double-lamina).

Hybrid-Bistable Vibration Energy Harvester With Adaptive Potential Well

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinki Kim ◽  
Patrick Dorin ◽  
K. W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Potential Barrier ◽  
Energy Barrier ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Potential Energy Barrier ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

Many common environmental vibration sources exhibit low and broad frequency spectra. In order to exploit such excitations, energy harvesting architectures utilizing nonlinearity, especially bistability, have been widely studied since the energetic interwell oscillations between their stable equilibria can provide enhanced power harvesting capability over a wider bandwidth compared to the linear counterpart. However, one of the limitations of these nonlinear architectures is that the interwell oscillation regime may not be activated for a low excitation level that is not strong enough to overcome the potential energy barrier, thus resulting in low amplitude intrawell response which provides poor energy harvesting performance. While the strategic integration of bistability and additional dynamic elements has shown potential to improve broadband energy harvesting performance by lowering the potential barrier, there is a clear opportunity to further improve the energy harvesting performance by extracting electrical power from the kinetic energy in the additional element that is induced when the potential barrier is lowered. To explore this opportunity and advance the state of the art, this research develops a novel hybrid bistable vibration energy harvesting system with a passive mechanism that not only adaptively lowers the potential energy barrier level to improve broadband performance but also exploits additional means to capture more usable electrical power. The proposed harvester is comprised of a cantilever beam with repulsive magnets, one attached at the free end and the other attached to a linear spring that is axially aligned with the cantilever (a spring-loaded magnet oscillator). This new approach capitalizes on the adaptive bistable potential that is passively realized by the spring-loaded magnet oscillator, which lowers the double-well potential energy barrier thereby facilitating the interwell oscillations of the cantilever across a broad range of excitation conditions, especially for low excitation amplitudes and frequencies. The interwell oscillation of the cantilever beam enhances not only the piezoelectric energy harvesting from the beam but also the electromagnetic energy harvesting from the spring-loaded magnet oscillator by inducing large amplitude vibrations of the magnet oscillator. Numerical investigations found that the proposed architecture yields significantly enhanced energy harvesting performance compared to the conventional bistable harvester with fixed magnet.

Energy harvesting from quasi-static deformations via bilaterally constrained strips

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (18) ◽  
pp. 3572-3581
Author(s):  
Suihan Liu ◽  
Ali Imani Azad ◽  
Rigoberto Burgueño
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Budget ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Static Conditions

Piezoelectric energy harvesting from ambient vibrations is well studied, but harvesting from quasi-static responses is not yet fully explored. The lack of attention is because quasi-static actions are much slower than the resonance frequency of piezoelectric oscillators to achieve optimal outputs; however, they can be a common mechanical energy resource: from large civil structure deformations to biomechanical motions. The recent advances in bio-micro-electro-mechanical systems and wireless sensor technologies are motivating the study of piezoelectric energy harvesting from quasi-static conditions for low-power budget devices. This article presents a new approach of using quasi-static deformations to generate electrical power through an axially compressed bilaterally constrained strip with an attached piezoelectric layer. A theoretical model was developed to predict the strain distribution of the strip’s buckled configuration for calculating the electrical energy generation. Results from an experimental investigation and finite element simulations are in good agreement with the theoretical study. Test results from a prototyped device showed that a peak output power of 1.33 μW/cm2 was generated, which can adequately provide power supply for low-power budget devices. And a parametric study was also conducted to provide design guidance on selecting the dimensions of a device based on the external embedding structure.

A parametric analysis of the nonlinear dynamics of bistable vibration-based piezoelectric energy harvesters

2020 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2096318
Author(s):  
Luã Guedes Costa ◽  
Luciana Loureiro da Silva Monteiro ◽  
Pedro Manuel Calas Lopes Pacheco ◽  
Marcelo Amorim Savi
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Harvesting Systems

Piezoelectric materials exhibit electromechanical coupling properties and have been gained importance over the last few decades due to their broad range of applications. Vibration-based energy harvesting systems have been proposed using the direct piezoelectric effect by converting mechanical into electrical energy. Although the great relevance of these systems, performance enhancement strategies are essential to improve the applicability of these system and have been studied substantially. This work addresses a numerical investigation of the influence of cubic polynomial nonlinearities in energy harvesting systems considering a bistable structure subjected to harmonic excitation. A deep parametric analysis is carried out employing nonlinear dynamics tools. Results show complex dynamical behaviors associated with the trigger of inter-well motion. Electrical power output and efficiency are monitored in order to evaluate the configurations associated with best system performances.

Multiple Patch-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting From Multiple Vibration Modes of Thin Plates

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Aridogan ◽  
Ipek Basdogan ◽  
Alper Erturk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Aluminum Plate ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Resistive Loads ◽  
Experimental Validations ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilevers

Vibration-based energy harvesting using cantilevered piezoelectric beam has been extensively studied over the last decade. In this study, as an alternative to resonant piezoelectric cantilevers, we studied multiple patch-based piezoelectric energy harvesting from multiple vibration modes of thin plates. Analytical electroelastic model of the multiple patch-based piezoelectric harvesters attached on a thin plate is provided based on distributed-parameter modeling approach for series and parallel configurations of the patches. An experimental setup is built with series-configuration of double patch-based harvesters attached on the surfaces of all-four-edges clamped (CCCC) rectangular aluminum plate. Analytical simulations and experimental validations of power generation of the harvesters are performed in a case study. The experimental and analytical frequency response functions (FRF) relating voltage output and vibration response to force input are obtained. The analytical model is validated by comparing analytical and experimental FRFs for a wide range of resistive electrical boundary conditions. The harvested power output across the various resistive loads is explored with a focus on the first four modes of the aluminum plate. Experimental and analytical results are shown to be in agreement for multiple patch-based piezoelectric energy harvesting from multiple vibration modes of thin plates.

Multiple Resonances Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Generator

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaofan Qi ◽  
Roger Shuttleworth ◽  
S. Olutunde Oyadiji
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Limited Bandwidth ◽  
Piezo Element ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Environmental Vibration ◽  
Design And Testing

Energy harvesting is the process of converting low level ambient energy into usable electrical energy, so that remote electronic instruments can be powered without the need for batteries or other supplies. Piezoelectric material has the ability to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, and cantilever type harvesters using this material are being intensely investigated. The typical single cantilever energy harvester design has a limited bandwidth, and is restricted in ability for converting environmental vibration occurring over a wide range of frequencies. A multiple cantilever piezoelectric generator that works over a range of frequencies, yet has only one Piezo element, is being investigated. The design and testing of this novel harvester is described.

Non-Linear Modeling and Analysis of Composite Helicopter Blade for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wander G. R. Vieira ◽  
Fred Nitzsche ◽  
Carlos De Marqui
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Helicopter Blade ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Non Linear

Converting aeroelastic vibrations into electricity for low-power generation has received growing attention over the past few years. Helicopter blades with embedded piezoelectric elements can provide electrical energy to power small electronic components. In this paper, the non-linear modeling and analysis of an electromechanically coupled cantilevered helicopter blade is presented for piezoelectric energy harvesting. A resistive load is considered in the electrical domain of the problem in order to quantify the electrical power output. The non-linear electromechanical model is derived based on the Variational-Asymptotic Method (VAM). The coupled non-linear rotary system is solved in the time-domain. A generalized-α integration method is used to guarantee numerical stability, adding numerical damping at high frequencies. The electromechanical behavior of the coupled rotating blade is investigated for increasing rotating speeds (stiffening effect).

scholarly journals A Curve-Shaped Beam Bistable Piezoelectric Energy Harvester with Variable Potential Well: Modeling and Numerical Simulation

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 995
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Chen ◽  
Xuhui Zhang ◽  
Luyang Chen ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Fulin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Potential Well ◽  
Shaped Beam ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Straight Beam ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Variable Potential

To improve the energy harvesting performance of an energy harvester, a novel bistable piezoelectric energy harvester with variable potential well (BPEH-V) is proposed by introducing a spring to the external magnet from a curve-shaped beam bistable harvester (CBH-C). First, finite element simulation was performed in COMSOL software to validate that the curved beam configuration was superior to the straight beam in power generation performance, which benefits energy harvesting. Moreover, the nonlinear magnetic model was obtained by using the magnetic dipoles method, and the nonlinear restoring force model of the curve-shaped beam was acquired based on fitting the experimental data. The corresponding coupled governing equations were derived by using generalized Hamilton’s principle, the dynamic responses were obtained by solving the coupling equations with the ode45 method. Finally, the numerical simulations showed that the proposed harvester can make interwell oscillations easier due to the spring being efficiently introduced to pull down the potential barrier compared with the conventional bistable harvester. Spring stiffness has a great impact on characteristics of the system, and a suitable stiffness contributes to realize large-amplitude interwell oscillations over a wide range of excitation, especially in the low excitation condition.

Modeling heavy-duty diesel engines using tabulated kinetics in a wide range of operating conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 146808741989616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyan Zhou ◽  
Tommaso Lucchini ◽  
Gianluca D’Errico ◽  
Gilles Hardy ◽  
Xingcai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Scalar Dissipation ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Progress Variable ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Operating Points

Fast and high-fidelity combustion models including detailed kinetics and turbulence chemistry interaction are necessary to support design and development of heavy-duty diesel engines. In this work, the authors intend to present and validate tabulated flamelet progress variable model based on tabulation of laminar diffusion flamelets for different scalar dissipation rate, whose predictability highly depends on the description of fuel–air mixing process in which engine mesh layout plays an important role. To this end, two grids were compared and assessed: in both grids, cells were aligned on the spray direction with such region being enlarged in the second one, where the near-nozzle and near-wall mesh resolution were also improved, which is expected to better account for both spray dynamics and flame–wall interaction dominating the combustion process in diesel engines. Flame structure, in-cylinder pressure, apparent heat release rate, and emissions for different relevant operating points were compared and analyzed to identify the most suitable mesh. Afterwards, simulations were carried out in a heavy-duty engine considering 20 operating points, allowing to comprehensively verify the validity of tabulated flamelet progress variable model. The results demonstrated that the proposed approach was capable to accurately predict in-cylinder pressure evolution and NO x formation across a wide engine map.

Electroelastic Finite Element Modeling and Experimental Validation of Structurally-Integrated Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Aridogan ◽  
Ipek Basdogan ◽  
Alper Erturk
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Flexible Plate ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Host Structure

Vibration-based energy harvesting has attracted interest of researchers from various disciplines over the past decade. In the literature of piezoelectric energy harvesting, the typical configuration is a unimorph or a bimorph cantilevered piezoelectric beam located on a vibrating host structure subjected to base excitations. As an alternative to cantilevered piezoelectric beams, piezoelectric layers structurally integrated on thin plates can be used as vibration-based energy harvesters since plates and plate-type structures are commonly used in aerospace, automotive and marine applications. The aim of this paper is to present experiments and electroelastic finite element simulations of a piezoelectric energy harvester structurally integrated on a thin plate. The finite element model of the piezoceramic patch and the all-edges-clamped plate are built. In parallel, an experimental setup is constructed using a thin PZT-5A piezoceramic patch attached on the surface of all-edges-clamped rectangular aluminum plate. The electroelastic frequency response functions relating voltage output and vibration response to forcing input are validated using the experimentally obtained results. Finally, electrical power generation of the piezoceramic patch is investigated using the experimental set-up for a set of resistive loads. The numerical predictions and experimental results show that the use of all-edge-clamped flexible plate as host structure for piezoelectric energy harvester leads to multimodal vibration-to-electricity conversion.

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