In vivo imaging of small animal models by photoacoustic microscopy

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuoqi Ye ◽  
Ran Yang ◽  
Jingwei Xiong ◽  
K. Kirk Shung ◽  
Qifa Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Photoacoustic Microscopy ◽  
Small Animal Models

scholarly journals Ultrahigh-speed line-scan SD-OCT for four-dimensional in vivo imaging of small animal models

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaineb Al-Qazwini ◽  
Zhen Yu Gordon Ko ◽  
Kalpesh Mehta ◽  
Nanguang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Line Scan ◽  
Small Animal Models ◽  
Sd Oct

Abstract 228: Alterations of Cardiac Morphology and Function Caused by Cardio-Thoracic Surgery in Small Animal Models of Heart Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Nordbeck ◽  
Leoni Bönhof ◽  
Karl-Heinz Hiller ◽  
Sabine Voll ◽  
Paula Arias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Cardiac Morphology ◽  
Small Animal Models ◽  
And Function

Background: Surgical procedures in small animal models of heart disease, such as artificial ligation of the coronary arteries for experimental myocardial infarction, can evoke alterations in cardiac morphology and function. Such alterations might induce artificial early or long term effects in vivo that might account for a significant bias in basic cardiovascular research, and, therefore, could potentially question the meaning of respective studies in small animal models of heart disease. Methods: Female Wistar rats were matched for weight and distributed to sham left coronary artery ligation or untreated control. Cardiac parameters were then investigated in vivo by high-field MRI over time after the surgical procedure, determining left and right ventricular morphology and function. Additionally, the time course of several metabolic and inflammatory blood parameters was determined. Results: Rats after sham surgery showed a lower body weight for up to 8 weeks after the intervention compared to healthy controls. Left and right ventricular morphology and function were not different in absolute measures in both groups 1 week after surgery. However, there was a confined difference in several cardiac parameters normalized to the body weight (bw), such as myocardial mass (2.19±0.30/0.83±0.13 vs. 1.85±0.22/0.70±0.07 mg left/right per g bw, p<0.05), or enddiastolic ventricular volume (1.31±0.36/1.21±0.31 vs. 1.14±0.20/1.07±0.17 µl left/right per g bw, p<0.05). Vice versa, after 8 weeks, cardiac masses, volumes, and output showed a trend for lower values in the sham operated rats compared to the controls in absolute measures (782.2±57.2/260.2±33.2 vs. 805.9±84.8/310.4±48.5 mg, p<0.05 for left/right ventricular mass), but not normalized to body weight. Matching these findings, blood testing revealed prolonged metabolic and inflammatory changes after surgery not related to cardiac disease. Conclusion: There is a small distinct impact of cardio-thoracic surgical procedures on the global integrity of the organism, which in the long term also includes circumscribed repercussions on cardiac morphology and function. This impact has to be considered when analyzing data from respective studies and transferring the findings to conditions in patients.

scholarly journals Neuromuscular Development and Disease: Learning From in vitro and in vivo Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Fralish ◽  
Ethan M. Lotz ◽  
Taylor Chavez ◽  
Alastair Khodabukus ◽  
Nenad Bursac
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Small Animal Models

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a specialized cholinergic synaptic interface between a motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber that translates presynaptic electrical impulses into motor function. NMJ formation and maintenance require tightly regulated signaling and cellular communication among motor neurons, myogenic cells, and Schwann cells. Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) can result in loss of NMJ function and motor input leading to paralysis or even death. Although small animal models have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the NMJ structure and function, the complexities of studying this multi-tissue system in vivo and poor clinical outcomes of candidate therapies developed in small animal models has driven the need for in vitro models of functional human NMJ to complement animal studies. In this review, we discuss prevailing models of NMDs and highlight the current progress and ongoing challenges in developing human iPSC-derived (hiPSC) 3D cell culture models of functional NMJs. We first review in vivo development of motor neurons, skeletal muscle, Schwann cells, and the NMJ alongside current methods for directing the differentiation of relevant cell types from hiPSCs. We further compare the efficacy of modeling NMDs in animals and human cell culture systems in the context of five NMDs: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, and Pompe disease. Finally, we discuss further work necessary for hiPSC-derived NMJ models to function as effective personalized NMD platforms.

MP7-08 ESTABLISHMENT OF IN VIVO SMALL ANIMAL MODELS TO DETERMINE CELL MOBILITY AND VIABILITY AND IMAGING OF INJECTED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN THE PIG SPHINCTER

2014 ◽  
Vol 191 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Dietrich Sievert ◽  
Susanne Will ◽  
Julia G. Mannheim ◽  
Kerstin Fuchs ◽  
Jörg Schmehl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Cell Mobility ◽  
Small Animal Models

scholarly journals Novel imaging approaches for small animal models of lung disease (2017 Grover Conference series)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 204589401876224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac P. Pinar ◽  
Heather D. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Large Airways ◽  
Small Animal Models ◽  
Lung Health

Imaging in small animal models of lung disease is challenging, as existing technologies are limited either by resolution or by the terminal nature of the imaging approach. Here, we describe the current state of small animal lung imaging, the technological advances of laboratory-sourced phase contrast X-ray imaging, and the application of this novel technology and its attendant image analysis techniques to the in vivo imaging of the large airways and pulmonary vasculature in murine models of lung health and disease.

scholarly journals Preclinical Imaging Biomarkers for Postischaemic Neurovascular Remodelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Richa Gandhi ◽  
Charalampos Tsoumpas
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Restorative Therapy ◽  
Small Animal Models ◽  
Published Research

In the pursuit of understanding the pathological alterations that underlie ischaemic injuries, such as vascular remodelling and reorganisation, there is a need for recognising the capabilities and limitations of in vivo imaging techniques. Thus, this review presents contemporary published research of imaging modalities that have been implemented to study postischaemic neurovascular changes in small animals. A comparison of the technical aspects of the various imaging tools is included to set the framework for identifying the most appropriate methods to observe postischaemic neurovascular remodelling. A systematic search of the PubMed® and Elsevier’s Scopus databases identified studies that were conducted between 2008 and 2018 to explore postischaemic neurovascular remodelling in small animal models. Thirty-five relevant in vivo imaging studies are included, of which most made use of magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography, whilst various optical modalities were also utilised. Notably, there is an increasing trend of using multimodal imaging to exploit the most beneficial properties of each imaging technique to elucidate different aspects of neurovascular remodelling. Nevertheless, there is still scope for further utilising noninvasive imaging tools such as contrast agents or radiotracers, which will have the ability to monitor neurovascular changes particularly during restorative therapy. This will facilitate more successful utility of the clinical imaging techniques in the interpretation of neurovascular reorganisation over time.

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