First results from the AMBER/VLTI near-infrared spectro-interferometer

SPIE Newsroom ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Malbet
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
First Results

scholarly journals A hundred new eclipsing binary system candidates studied in a near-infrared window in the VVV survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Gramajo ◽  
T. Palma ◽  
D. Minniti ◽  
R. K. Saito ◽  
J. J. Clariá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Galactic Disk ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Eclipsing Binaries ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Eclipsing Binary ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Median Period ◽  
First Results ◽  
Contact Binaries

Abstract We present the first results obtained from an extensive study of eclipsing binary (EB) system candidates recently detected in the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea (VVV) near-infrared (NIR) Survey. We analyse the VVV tile d040 in the southern part of the Galactic disc wherein the interstellar reddening is comparatively low, which makes it possible to detect hundreds of new EB candidates. We present here the light curves and the determination of the geometric and physical parameters of the best candidates found in this ‘NIR window’, including 37 contact, 50 detached, and 13 semi-detached EB systems. We infer that the studied systems have an average of the $K_s$ amplitudes of $0.8$ mag and a median period of 1.22 days where, in general, contact binaries have shorter periods. Using the ‘Physics Of Eclipsing Binaries’ (PHOEBE) interactive interface, which is based on the Wilson and Devinney code, we find that the studied systems have low eccentricities. The studied EBs present mean values of about 5 700 and 4 900 K for the $T_1$ and $T_2$ components, respectively. The mean mass ratio (q) for the contact EB stars is $\sim$ 0.44. This new galactic disk sample is a first look at the massive study of NIR EB systems.

scholarly journals Multi-Wavelength High-Resolution Spectroscopy for Exoplanet Detection: Motivation, Instrumentation and First Results

Geosciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Benatti
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Giant Planet ◽  
High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽  
M Dwarfs ◽  
Low Mass Stars ◽  
First Results ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Rocky Planets

Exoplanet research has shown an incessant growth since the first claim of a hot giant planet around a solar-like star in the mid-1990s. Today, the new facilities are working to spot the first habitable rocky planets around low-mass stars as a forerunner for the detection of the long-awaited Sun-Earth analog system. All the achievements in this field would not have been possible without the constant development of the technology and of new methods to detect more and more challenging planets. After the consolidation of a top-level instrumentation for high-resolution spectroscopy in the visible wavelength range, a huge effort is now dedicated to reaching the same precision and accuracy in the near-infrared. Actually, observations in this range present several advantages in the search for exoplanets around M dwarfs, known to be the most favorable targets to detect possible habitable planets. They are also characterized by intense stellar activity, which hampers planet detection, but its impact on the radial velocity modulation is mitigated in the infrared. Simultaneous observations in the visible and near-infrared ranges appear to be an even more powerful technique since they provide combined and complementary information, also useful for many other exoplanetary science cases.

scholarly journals Evidence of a significant rotational non-LTE effect in the CO<sub>2</sub> 4.3 µm PFS-MEX limb spectra

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Kutepov ◽  
Ladislav Rezac ◽  
Artem G. Feofilov
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Radiative Lifetime ◽  
Martian Atmosphere ◽  
Vibrational States ◽  
Rotational States ◽  
First Results ◽  
Rotational Distribution ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Excited Molecules

Abstract. Since January 2004, the planetary Fourier spectrometer (PFS) on board the Mars Express satellite has been recording near-infrared limb spectra of high quality up to the tangent altitudes ≈ 150 km, with potential information on density and thermal structure of the upper Martian atmosphere. We present first results of our modeling of the PFS short wavelength channel (SWC) daytime limb spectra for the altitude region above 90 km. We applied a ro-vibrational non-LTE model based on the stellar astrophysics technique of accelerated lambda iteration (ALI) to solve the multi-species and multi-level CO2 problem in the Martian atmosphere. We show that the long-standing discrepancy between observed and calculated spectra in the cores and wings of 4.3 µm region is explained by the non-thermal rotational distribution of molecules in the upper vibrational states 10011 and 10012 of the CO2 main isotope second hot (SH) bands above 90 km altitude. The redistribution of SH band intensities from band branch cores into their wings is caused (a) by intensive production of the CO2 molecules in rotational states with j > 30 due to the absorption of solar radiation in optically thin wings of 2.7 µm bands and (b) by a short radiative lifetime of excited molecules, which is insufficient at altitudes above 90 km for collisions to maintain rotation of excited molecules thermalized. Implications for developing operational algorithms for massive processing of PFS and other instrument limb observations are discussed.

Thermal and multispectral images from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for water presence detection in temporary streams: first results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Micieli ◽  
Gianluca Botter ◽  
Giuseppe Mendicino ◽  
Alfonso Senatore
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Band ◽  
Temporary Streams ◽  
Water Index ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Normalized Difference Water Index ◽  
First Results

&lt;p&gt;UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) are increasingly used for monitoring river networks with a broad range of purposes. In this contribution, we focus on the use of multispectral sensors, either in the thermal infrared band LWIR (Long-wavelength infrared, 8-15 &amp;#181;m) or in the infrared band NIR (Near-infrared, 0.75-1.4 &amp;#181;m) to map network dynamics in temporary streams. Specifically, we discuss the first results of a set of surveys carried out in 2020 within a small river catchment located in northern Calabria (southern Italy), as part of the research activities of the ERC-funded DyNET project. Preliminary, a rigorous methodology was identified to perform on-site surveys and to process and analyse the acquired images. Experimental results show that the combined use of LWIR and NIR sensors is a suitable solution for detecting water presence in channels characterized by different hydraulic and morphologic conditions. LWIR sensors alone allow one to discriminate water presence only when the thermal contrast with the surrounding environment is high. On the other hand, NIR sensors permit to detect the presence of water in most of the analyzed settings through the estimate of the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). However, NIR sensors can be misled in case of shallow water depth, due to the NIR radiation emitted by the riverbed merging with that of the water. Overall, the study demonstrates that a combined LWIR/NIR approach allows addressing a broader range of conditions. Moreover, the information provided can be further enhanced by combining it with geomorphologic information and basic hydraulic concepts.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Multi-Wavelength Surveys for Galaxies Hidden by the Milky Way

1999 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée C. Kraan-Korteweg
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Systematic Mapping ◽  
Local Universe ◽  
First Results ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Zone Of Avoidance

AbstractThe systematic mapping of obscured and optically invisible galaxies behind the Milky Way through complementary surveys are important in arriving at the whole-sky distribution of complete galaxy samples and therewith for our understanding of the dynamics in the local Universe. In this paper, a status report is given of the various deep optical, near infrared (NIR), and systematic blind H I-surveys in the Zone of Avoidance, including a discussion on the limitations and selection effects inherent to the different multi-wavelength surveys and first results.

scholarly journals SPIRou: NIR velocimetry and spectropolarimetry at the CFHT

2020 ◽  
Vol 498 (4) ◽  
pp. 5684-5703 ◽  
Author(s):  
J-F Donati ◽  
D Kouach ◽  
C Moutou ◽  
R Doyon ◽  
X Delfosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Planetary Systems ◽  
Young Stars ◽  
Central Position ◽  
M Dwarfs ◽  
Testing Phase ◽  
First Results ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Final Acceptance

ABSTRACT This paper presents an overview of SPIRou, the new-generation near-infrared spectropolarimeter/precision velocimeter recently installed on the 3.6-m Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). Starting from the two main science goals, i.e., the quest for planetary systems around nearby M dwarfs and the study of magnetized star/planet formation, we outline the instrument concept that was designed to efficiently address these forefront topics, and detail the in-lab and on-sky instrument performances measured throughout the intensive testing phase that SPIRou was submitted to before passing the final acceptance review in early 2019 and initiating science observations. With a central position among the newly started programmes, the SPIRou Legacy Survey (SLS) Large Programme was allocated 300 CFHT nights until at least mid 2022. We also briefly describe a few of the first results obtained in the various science topics that SPIRou started investigating, focusing in particular on planetary systems of nearby M dwarfs, transiting exoplanets and their atmospheres, magnetic fields of young stars, but also on alternate science goals like the atmospheres of M dwarfs and the Earth’s atmosphere. We finally conclude on the key role that SPIRou and the CFHT can play in coordination with forthcoming major facilities like the JWST, the ELTs, PLATO, and ARIEL over the decade.

The Circumnuclear Starburst in NGC 7552: First Results from Near‐Infrared Spectral Synthesis

1997 ◽  
Vol 488 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Schinnerer ◽  
A. Eckart ◽  
A. Quirrenbach ◽  
T. Boker ◽  
L. E. Tacconi‐Garman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Spectral Synthesis ◽  
First Results ◽  
Infrared Spectral

scholarly journals Scans and Narrow-Band Photometry of Late-Type Stars in the One-Micron Region

1974 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 285-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Wing
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
M Dwarfs ◽  
Mira Variables ◽  
Near Infrared Spectra ◽  
First Results ◽  
System 2 ◽  
M Stars ◽  
Band Sequence ◽  
The One

AbstractA summary is given of the molecular bands occurring in the near-infrared spectra of cool stars, especially those having sufficient strength and freedom from contamination to be measurable by narrow-band photometry. In some cases useful indices of both temperature and luminosity can be obtained from such measurements. Several bands remain unidentified, including the 9910 Å band in late M dwarfs and at least nine bands in cool S stars.Three topics of a spectroscopic nature are discussed. (1) In Mira variables, grossly different spectral types are sometimes obtained from zero-volt and excited TiO bands of the same band system. (2) A few M stars have been found to show bands of’ both VO and CN at the same time. They may be the coolest known supergiants, although there remains some doubt as to their luminosities. (3) The first results are given from a program of measuring crude C12/C13 ratios from narrow-band photometry of sensitive points on the profile of the ∆υ = + 2 band sequence of CN. The observations require only a few minutes per star, and the method can be applied to G and K giants and supergiants as well as to carbon stars.

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