Pressure ripple amplification within a hydraulic pressure energy harvester via Helmholtz resonator

A hydraulic pressure energy harvester (HPEH) device, which utilizes a housing to isolate a piezoelectric stack from the hydraulic fluid via a mechanical interface, generates power by converting the dynamic pressure within the system into electricity. Prior work developed an HPEH device capable of generating 2187 microWatts from an 85 kPa pressure ripple amplitude using a 1387 mm3 stack. A new generation of HPEH produced 157 microWatts at the test conditions of 18 MPa static pressure and 394 kPa root-mean-square pressure amplitude using a 50 mm3 stack, thus increasing the power produced per volume of piezoelectric stack principally due to the higher dynamic pressure input. The stack and housing design implemented on this new prototype device yield a compact, high-pressure hydraulic pressure energy harvester designed to withstand 35 MPa. The device, which is less than a 2.54 cm in length as compared to a 5.3 cm length of a previous HPEH, was statically tested up to 21.9 MPa and dynamically tested up to 19 MPa with 400 kPa root-mean-square dynamic pressure amplitude. An inductor was included in the load circuit in parallel with the stack and the load resistance to increase the power output of the device. A previously developed electromechanical power output model for this device that predicts the power output given the dynamic pressure ripple amplitude is compared to the power results. The power extracted from this device would be sufficient to meet the proposed applications of the device, which is to power sensor nodes in hydraulic systems.

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Hydraulic pressure energy harvester enhanced by Helmholtz resonator

10.1117/12.2084343 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Ellen Skow ◽

Zachary Koontz ◽

Kenneth Cunefare ◽

Alper Erturk

Keyword(s):

Energy Harvester ◽

Helmholtz Resonator ◽

Hydraulic Pressure

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The effect of type of sound damper material in the Helmholtz resonator to the output power spectrum of acoustic energy Harvester

Journal of Physics Theories and Applications ◽

10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v3i2.38148 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Hedwigis Harindra ◽

Agung Bambang Setio Utomo ◽

Ikhsan Setiawan

Keyword(s):

Energy Harvesting ◽

Power Spectrum ◽

Electric Power ◽

Energy Harvester ◽

Helmholtz Resonator ◽

Acoustic Energy ◽

Acoustic Energy Harvesting ◽

Wasted Energy ◽

Second Peak ◽

Output Electric Power

Acoustic energy harvesting is one of many ways to harness acoustic noises as wasted energy into useful electical energy using an acoustic energy harvester. Acoustic energy harvester that tested by Dimastya (2018) which is consisted of loudspeaker and Helmholtz resonator, produced two-peak spectrum. It is suspected that the first peak is due to Helmholtz resonator resonance and the second peak comesfrom the resonance of the conversion loudspeaker. This research is to experimentally confirm the guess of the origin of the first peak. The experiments are performed by adding silencer materials on the resonator inner wall which are expected to be able to reduce the height of first peak and to know how they affect the output electric power spectrum of the acoustic energy harvester. Three different silencer materials are used, those are glasswool, acoustic foam, and styrofoam, with the same thickness of 12 cm. The results show that glasswool absorbs sound more effectively than acostic foam and styrofoam. The use of glasswool, acoustic foam, and styrofoam with 12 cm thickness lowered the first peak by 90% (from 39 mW to 0,5 mW), 82% (from 39 mW to 0,7 mW), and 82% (from 39 mW to 0,7 mW), respectively. Based on these results, it is concluded that the guess of the origin of the first peak is confirmed.

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Reinforcement Learning for Active Noise Control in a Hydraulic System

Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control ◽

10.1115/1.4049556 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Eric R. Anderson ◽

Brian L. Steward

Keyword(s):

Reinforcement Learning ◽

Hydraulic System ◽

Noise Control ◽

Control Method ◽

Active Noise Control ◽

Operating Point ◽

Hydraulic Pressure ◽

Hydraulic Systems ◽

Active Noise ◽

Pressure Ripple

Abstract Hydraulic pressure ripple in a pump, as a result of converting rotational power to fluid power, continues to be a problem faced when developing hydraulic systems due to the resulting noise generated. In this paper, we present simulation results from leveraging an actor-critic reinforcement learning method as the control method for active noise control in a hydraulic system. The results demonstrate greater than 96%, 81%, and 61% pressure ripple reduction for the first, second, and third harmonics, respectively, in a single operating point test, along with the advantage of feed forward like control for high bandwidth response during dynamic changes in the operating point. It also demonstrates the disadvantage of long convergence times while the controller is effectively learning the optimal control policy. Additionally, this work demonstrates the ancillary benefit of the elimination of the injection of white noise for the purpose of system identification in the current state of the art.

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A panel acoustic energy harvester based on the integration of acoustic metasurface and Helmholtz resonator

Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.1063/5.0074701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 119 (25) ◽

pp. 253903

Author(s):

Xiaobin Cui ◽

Jinjie Shi ◽

Xiaozhou Liu ◽

Yun Lai

Keyword(s):

Energy Harvester ◽

Helmholtz Resonator ◽

Acoustic Energy

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Tunable acoustic energy harvester using Helmholtz resonator and dual piezoelectric cantilever beams

2014 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium ◽

10.1109/ultsym.2014.0622 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aichao Yang ◽

Ping Li ◽

Yumei Wen ◽

Caijiang Lu ◽

Xiao Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Harvester ◽

Helmholtz Resonator ◽

Acoustic Energy ◽

Cantilever Beams ◽

Piezoelectric Cantilever

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Design and Modeling of Hydraulic Pressure Energy Harvesters for Low Dynamic Pressure Environments

Volume 4B: Dynamics, Vibration, and Control ◽

10.1115/imece2014-38684 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ellen Skow ◽

Kenneth Cunefare ◽

Alper Erturk

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Piezoelectric Material ◽

Load Transfer ◽

Dynamic Pressure ◽

Distribution Networks ◽

Sensor Nodes ◽

Hydraulic Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Energy Harvesters ◽

Pressure Ripple

Hydraulic Pressure Energy Harvesters (HPEHs) use the direct piezoelectric effect to extract electrical power from the dynamic pressure ripple present in hydraulic systems. As with other energy harvesters, an HPEH is intended to be an enabling technology for powering sensor nodes. To date, HPEH devices have been developed for high-pressure, high-dynamic pressure ripple systems. High-pressure applications are common in industrial hydraulics, where static pressures may be up to 35 MPa. Other fluid systems, such as cross-country pipelines as well as water distribution networks operate at much lower pressures, e.g., from around 1 to 4 MPa, with proportionally lower dynamic pressures. Single-crystal piezoelectric materials are incorporated into the HPEH design, along with means to increase the load transfer into the piezoelectric material as well as increased output harvester circuits, so as to increase the power output of these devices. The load transfer from the pressurized fluid into the piezoelectric material is through an interface, where the interface area may be designed such that the area exposed to the fluid is greater than the cross-sectional area of the piezoelectric, yielding higher stress in the material than the pressure in the fluid. Furthermore, given the relatively large capacitance of the piezoelectric elements used in HPEH devices, inductive-tuned resonant harvester circuits implemented with passive elements are feasible. HPEH devices integrating these features are shown to produce viable power outputs from low dynamic pressure systems.

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Electromagnetic based acoustic energy harvester for low power wireless autonomous sensor applications

Sensor Review ◽

10.1108/sr-04-2017-0062 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 298-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Izhar ◽

Farid Ullah Khan

Keyword(s):

Energy Harvester ◽

Helmholtz Resonator ◽

Acoustic Energy ◽

Flexible Membrane ◽

Content Type ◽

Electric Generator ◽

Sensor Applications ◽

Real Environment ◽

Autonomous Sensor ◽

First Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel electromagnetic-based acoustic energy harvester (EH) for the application of wireless autonomous sensors. Design/methodology/approach The developed acoustic EH comprises a Helmholtz resonator (HR), a suspension system that consists of a flexible membrane and a permanent magnet, a couple of coils and a coil holder. Furthermore, the HR, used in the harvester, is designed for a specific resonant frequency based on simulation carried out in COMSOL Multiphysics®. Findings The developed harvester is tested both in lab under harmonic sound pressure levels (SPLs) and in real environment under random SPLs. In lab, when exposed to 100 dB SPL, the harvester generated a peak power of 212 µW. Furthermore, in real environment in vicinity of electric generator, the harvester produced an output voltage of about 110 mV collectively from its both coils. Originality/value In this paper, a novel geometric configuration for electromagnetic-based acoustic EH is proposed. In the developed harvester, two coils are placed in it to achieve enhanced electrical output from it for the first time.

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