Fitness Level and Gross Motor Performance of Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

The purpose of this study was to assess fitness and gross motor performance of children with ADHD, including users and nonusers of methylphenidate medication. Seventy boys took part in the study. Fitness level of children with ADHD using medication or not, including body composition, flexibility, and muscular endurance, was similar to that of a control group. The only difference was observed for body mass index, which was lower in children with ADHD using medication. Aerobic capacity was also similar when measured by a treadmill test. A lower performance was observed when aerobic capacity was estimated using a field shuttle test, however, suggesting that the methodology used is important. Finally, both groups of children with ADHD presented significantly lower scores for locomotion skills.

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Motor Performance of Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Preliminary Investigation

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.14.3.189 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 189-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

William J. Harvey ◽

Greg Reid

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Motor Development ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Percentile Scores ◽

Run Test ◽

Gross Motor Performance

The purpose of this study was to describe the fundamental gross motor skills and fitness conditions of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Nineteen children, ages 7 to 12, participated. Gross motor performance was measured by the Test of Gross Motor Development (Ulrich, 1985). Fitness variables were measured by selected items from the Canada Fitness Survey (Fitness Canada, 1985), the CAHPER Fitness-Performance II Test (CAHPER, 1980), and the 20 m Shuttle Run Test (Leger, Lambert, Goulet, Rowan, & Dinelle, 1984). Percentile scores provided individual and group profiles of performance. It was concluded that fundamental gross motor performance and physical fitness of children with ADHD are substantially below average.

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The Association between Prosocial Behaviour and Peer Relationships with Comorbid Externalizing Disorders and Quality of Life in Treatment-Naïve Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11040475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 475

Author(s):

Szabina Velő ◽

Ágnes Keresztény ◽

Gyöngyvér Ferenczi-Dallos ◽

Luca Pump ◽

Katalin Móra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Peer Relationships ◽

Externalizing Disorders ◽

Control Group ◽

Adhd Group ◽

Prosocial Behaviour ◽

Children With Adhd ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Treatment Naïve

Several recent studies confirmed that Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has a negative influence on peer relationship and quality of life in children. The aim of the current study is to investigate the association between prosocial behaviour, peer relationships and quality of life in treatment naïve ADHD samples. The samples included 79 children with ADHD (64 boys and 15 girls, mean age = 10.24 years, SD = 2.51) and 54 healthy control children (30 boys and 23 girls, mean age = 9.66 years, SD = 1.73). Measurements included: The “Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Kid; Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire” and the “Inventar zur Erfassung der Lebensqualität bei Kindern und Jugendlichen”. The ADHD group showed significantly lower levels of prosocial behaviour and more problems with peer relationships than the control group. Prosocial behaviour has a weak positive correlation with the rating of the child’s quality of life by the parents, both in the ADHD group and in the control group. The rating of quality of life and peer relationship problems by the parents also showed a significant negative moderate association in both groups. The rating of quality of life by the child showed a significant negative weak relationship with peer relationships in the ADHD group, but no significant relationship was found in the control group. Children with ADHD and comorbid externalizing disorders showed more problems in peer relationships than ADHD without comorbid externalizing disorders. Based on these results, we conclude that therapy for ADHD focused on improvement of prosocial behaviour and peer relationships as well as comorbid externalizing disorders could have a favourable effect on the quality of life of these children.

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Whole body vibration affects gross motor performance measures during the Wingate anaerobic test

Physiotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.203 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 101 ◽

pp. e76-e77

Author(s):

A.A. Anderson ◽

D.K. Goutsis ◽

T.L. Hall ◽

M.A. Crawford ◽

D.L. Hoover

Keyword(s):

Performance Measures ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Whole Body Vibration ◽

Whole Body ◽

Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Body Vibration ◽

Anaerobic Test ◽

Gross Motor Performance

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Motor Skills and Advanced Gross Motor Performance Correlate with White Matter Microstructure in Adults With Very Low Birth Weight

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1038/pr.2011.532 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 307-307

Author(s):

K A Evensen ◽

S Lund ◽

A Olsen ◽

L Eikenes ◽

A Håberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

White Matter ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Gross Motor ◽

White Matter Microstructure ◽

Gross Motor Performance

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Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy Improves Fine and Gross Motor Performance of the Upper Limb in Parkinson Disease

American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation ◽

10.1097/phm.0b013e31820b15cd ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 90 (5) ◽

pp. 380-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Kyoung-Suk Lee ◽

Wan-Hee Lee ◽

Sujin Hwang

Keyword(s):

Parkinson Disease ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Movement Therapy ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Constraint Induced Movement Therapy ◽

Gross Motor Performance

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Effort-Based Decision-Making and Gross Motor Performance: Are They Linked?

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10060347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 347

Author(s):

Simone V. Gill ◽

Samuel J. Abplanalp ◽

Laura Keegan ◽

Daniel Fulford

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Motor Task ◽

Normal Walking ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Monetary Rewards ◽

The Relationship ◽

Level Of Effort ◽

Cognitive Construct ◽

Gross Motor Performance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between effort-based decision making and gross motor performance. Effort-based decision making was measured using a modified version of the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT), in which participants pressed a button on a keyboard to fill a bar on a screen for monetary reward. Participants received monetary rewards that were commensurate with the level of effort that they were willing to expend. Gross motor performance was measured with a walking task, in which participants matched their steps to the beat of an audio metronome; they walked to metronome beats that were slower and also faster than their normal walking pace. We hypothesized that increased effort during the effort-based decision making task would be paired with an increase in steps taken per minute during the gross motor task. However, the results of this study indicated a lack of a statistically significant relationship between the effort-based decision making task and the gross motor task. Planning rather than decision-making may have been the cognitive construct that governed our gross motor task. These findings can be beneficial when thinking about potential interventions for populations who experience deficits in motor performance and cognition as well as for understanding the relationship between both cognitive and motor performance in healthy adults.

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