scholarly journals Effects of Playing Surface on Physical, Physiological, and Perceptual Responses to a Repeated-Sprint Ability Test: Natural Grass Versus Artificial Turf

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1219-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achraf Ammar ◽  
Stephen J. Bailey ◽  
Omar Hammouda ◽  
Khaled Trabelsi ◽  
Nabil Merzigui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Repeated Sprint Ability ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Feeling Scale

Purpose: The effect of playing surface on physical performance during a repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test and the mechanisms for any potential playing-surface-dependent effects on RSA performance are equivocal. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of natural grass (NG) and artificial turf (AT) on physical performance, ratings of perceived exertion, feeling scale, and blood biomarkers related to anaerobic contribution (blood lactate [Lac]), muscle damage (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase), inflammation (C-reactive protein), and immune function (neutrophils [NEU], lymphocytes [LYM], and monocytes) in response to an RSA test. Methods: A total of 9 male professional football players from the same regional team completed 2 sessions of RSA testing (6 × 30 s interspersed with a 35-s recovery) on NG and AT in a randomized order. During the RSA test, total (sum of distances) and peak (highest distance covered in a single repetition) distance covered were determined using a measuring tape, and the decrement in sprinting performance from the first to the last repetition was calculated. Before and after the RSA test, ratings of perceived exertion, feeling scale, and Lac, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, NEU, LYM, and monocytes were recorded in both NG and AT conditions. Results: Although physical performance declined during the RSA blocks on both surfaces (P = .001), the distance covered declined more on NG (15%) than on AT (11%; P = .04; effect size [ES] = −0.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], −1.21 to 0.56) with a higher total distance covered (+6% [2%]) on AT (P = .018; ES = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.16 to 2.04). In addition, lower ratings of perceived exertion (P = .04; ES = −0.49; 95% CI, −1.36 to 0.42), Lac, NEU, and LYM (P = .03; ES = −0.80; 95% CI, −1.67 to 0.14; ES = −0.16; 95% CI, −1.03 to 0.72; and ES = −0.94; 95% CI, −1.82 to 0.02, respectively) and more positive feelings (P = .02; ES = 0.81; 95% CI, −0.13 to 1.69) were observed after the RSA test performed on AT than on NG. No differences were observed in the remaining physical and blood markers. Conclusion: These findings suggest that RSA performance is enhanced on AT compared with NG. This effect was accompanied by lower fatigue perception and Lac, NEU, and LYM and a more pleasurable feeling. These observations might have implications for physical performance in intermittent team-sport athletes who train and compete on different playing surfaces.

scholarly journals Physical Performance Differences Between Starter and Non‐Starter Players During Professional Soccer Friendly Matches

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús V. Giménez ◽  
Anthony S. Leicht ◽  
Miguel A. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Performance Differences ◽  
Average Acceleration ◽  
Acceleration And Deceleration

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the physical performance differences between players that started (i.e. starters, ≥65 minutes played) and those that were substituted into (i.e. non‐starter) soccer friendly matches. Fourteen professional players (age: 23.2 ± 2.7 years, body height: 178 ± 6 cm, body mass: 73.2 ± 6.9 kg) took part in this study. Twenty, physical performance‐related match variables (e.g. distance covered at different intensities, accelerations and decelerations, player load, maximal running speed, exertion index, work‐to‐rest ratio and rating of perceived exertion) were collected during two matches. Results were analysed using effect sizes (ES) and magnitude based inferences. Compared to starters, non‐starters covered greater match distance within the following intensity categories: >3.3≤4.2m/s (very likely), >4.2≤5 m/s (likely) and >5≤6.9 m/s (likely). In contrast, similar match average acceleration and deceleration values were identified for starters and non‐starters (trivial). Indicators of workloads including player loads (very likely), the exertion index (very likely), and the work–to‐rest ratio (very likely) were greater, while self‐ reported ratings of perceived exertion were lower (likely) for non‐starters compared to starters. The current study demonstrates that substantial physical performance differences during friendly soccer matches exist between starters and non‐starters. Identification of these differences enables coaches and analysts to potentially prescribe optimal training loads and microcycles based upon player’s match starting status.

Anthropometry, Physical and Movement Features, and Repeated-sprint Ability in Soccer Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Campa ◽  
Gabriele Semprini ◽  
Pedro Júdice ◽  
Gianluca Messina ◽  
Stefania Toselli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Calf Muscle ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Repeated Sprint Ability ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Sprint Ability

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the associations of anthropometry, functional movement patterns (FMP) and physical performance characteristics with repeated-sprint ability (RSA) in male youth soccer players. Thirty six athletes (ages 16.6±0.5 years, BMI 22.0±1.3 kg/m2) completed the RSA test and other physical tests including countermovement jump with (CMJA) and without the help of arms (CMJ), 10-m and 20-m straight-line sprints, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo), and functional movement screen (FMS). In addition, a battery of anthropometric variables was measured. RSA performance components such as best time (BT), mean time (MT) and sprint decrement were calculated. Results showed that measures of physical performance derived from horizontal plane in 10-m and 20-m sprints, were more strongly associated (p<0.01) with RSA performance than those obtained with CMJ or CMJA (p<0.05). High correlations (p<0.01) were found between MT, BT and Yo-Yo distance (r=−0.79, r=−0.67, respectively), as well as with FMS scores (r=−0.68, r=−0.58, respectively). Anthropometric measures, such as fat mass, upper fat area, thigh fat area, calf muscle area, and endomorphy were associated with RSA components (p<0.05). Predictors for the RSA performance identified in the stepwise multivariate analysis included Yo-Yo distance, time in sprints, FMP, and calf muscle area.

scholarly journals Effects of Plyometric and Repeated Sprint Training on Physical Performance

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ivan Krakan ◽  
Luka Milanovic ◽  
Ivan Belcic
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Sprint Training ◽  
Repeated Sprint Ability ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sprint Ability

The purpose of study was to resolve the effect of plyometric training and repeated sprint training on physical performance. The study was conducted on 41 subjects in two experimental groups (plyometric/repeated sprints training). Before and after the training program, subjects were subjected to diagnostic procedures that included standard test protocols. Results proved a statistically significant difference only after the plyometric training program compared to the repeated sprint group in countermovement jump (8.65% vs. 2.21%). In variable repeated jumps, an increased value was recorded (2.9% vs. 4.29%), like in sprint variables after the training program where certain trends of progress happened after the repeated sprint ability training and the specificity of the program (5 m = 0.89%, 10 m = 1.07% and 25 m = 1.35%), while plyometric training recorded unchanged values at 5 and 10 m, and a 0.27% improvement at 25 m. Stagnation of the 20-yard test was recorded in both groups. There was no difference between training programs in any variables of functional capacities, with similar measures recorded in repeated sprint ability. After six weeks of both training types, positive changes can be expected in explosive strength of lower extremities, increases in acceleration area, and maximum speed.

scholarly journals Serum C-Reactive Protein Even at Very Low (<1.0 mg/l) Concentration Is Associated with Physical Performance in a Community-Based Elderly Population Aged 70 Years and Over

Gerontology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 260-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaijun Niu ◽  
Atsushi Hozawa ◽  
Hui Guo ◽  
Shinichi Kuriyama ◽  
Satoru Ebihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Reactive Protein

Caffeine Ingestion Improves Performance During Fitness Tests but Does Not Alter Activity During Simulated Games in Professional Basketball Players

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Javier Raya-González ◽  
Aaron T. Scanlan ◽  
María Soto-Célix ◽  
Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Daniel Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Repeated Sprint Ability ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Local Positioning System ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Sprint Ability

Purpose: To examine the effects of acute caffeine supplementation on physical performance during fitness testing and activity during simulated games in basketball players. Methods: A double-blind, counterbalanced, randomized, crossover study design was followed. A total of 14 professional male basketball players ingested a placebo (sucrose) and caffeine (6 mg·kg−1 of body mass) in liquid form prior to completing 2 separate testing sessions. Each testing session involved completion of a standardized 15-minute warm-up followed by various fitness tests including 20-m sprints, countermovement jumps, Lane Agility Drill trials, and a repeated-sprint-ability test. Following a 20-minute recovery, players completed 3 × 7-minute 5-vs-5 simulated periods of full-court basketball games, each separated by 2 minutes of recovery. Local positioning system technology was used to measure player activity during games. Players completed a side-effects questionnaire 12 to 14 hours after testing. Results: Players experienced significant (P < .05), moderate–very large (effect size = −2.19 to 0.89) improvements in 20-m sprint, countermovement jump, Lane Agility Drill, and repeated-sprint-ability performance with caffeine supplementation. However, external workloads completed during simulated games demonstrated nonsignificant, trivial–small (effect size = −0.23 to 0.12) changes between conditions. In addition, players reported greater (P < .05) insomnia and urine output after caffeine ingestion. Conclusions: Acute caffeine supplementation could be effective to improve physical performance during tests stressing fitness elements important in basketball. However, acute caffeine supplementation appears to exert no meaningful effects on the activity completed during simulated basketball games and may promote sleep disturbances and exert a diuretic effect when taken at 6 mg·kg−1 of body mass in professional players.

scholarly journals Acute Affective Responses and Frontal Electroencephalographic Asymmetry to Prescribed and Self-selected Exercise

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Lattari ◽  
Eduardo Portugal ◽  
Renato Sobral Monteiro Junior ◽  
Bruno Ribeiro Ramalho Oliveira ◽  
Tony Meireles Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
Feeling Scale ◽  
Frontal Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
And Control

Objective: Our goal was to compare affective responses and frontal electroencephalographic alpha asymmetry induced by prescribed exercise (PE) and self-selected exercise (SS). Method: Twenty active participants underwent a submaximal exercise test to estimate maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Participants enrolled a cross-over randomized study where each participant completed three conditions: PE (50%PVO2max), SS and Control. The electroencephalography was performed before and after exercise. The feeling scale, felt arousal scale and heart rate were recorded before, during and after each condition. The ratings of perceived exertion were recorded during and after each condition. Results: The heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion showed higher values in the PE and SS conditions compared to controls, with no differences between the PE and SS conditions. For the feeling scale, the SS presented higher values compared to the PE and Control conditions. The felt arousal scale presented higher values in the PE and SS conditions compared to control. There was no interaction between condition and moment, or main effect for condition and moment for frontal alpha asymmetry (InF4-InF3). Conclusion: The SS provided better affective responses compared to PE, thus can consider self-selected intensity as an appropriate option. In general, no frontal alpha asymmetry was seen due to an exercise intervention.

scholarly journals Combined Black Rice Germ, Bran Supplement and Exercise Intervention Modulate Aging Biomarkers and Improve Physical Performance and Lower-Body Muscle Strength Parameters in Aging Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathuramat Seesen ◽  
Warathit Semmarath ◽  
Supachai Yodkeeree ◽  
Ratana Sapbamrer ◽  
Pisittawoot Ayood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Physical Performances

Aging is a time-dependent functional decline in muscle mass and strength, which is reflected in poor physical performances, hormonal imbalance, and development of chronic low-grade inflammation. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of black rice germ, bran supplement, and exercise program either alone or in combination for 24 weeks on the aging biomarkers (C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, Insulin-like growth factor-1, and CD4:CD8 T cell ratio) physical performance, muscle strength parameters (walking speed, sit-to-stand time, grip strength) among Thai aging population. A total of 120 healthy volunteers aged 65–74 years were assigned to the exercise group (EX), black rice germ, and bran supplement (BR) group or the combination of BR and EX group (BR + EX). Over the course of the 24-week intervention, compared with baseline data (T0), the combined BR + EX intervention significantly decreased the inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 levels, both p < 0.05 vs. T0) and significantly increased the insulin-like growth factor-1 levels (p < 0.001 vs. T0). Significant improvement in physical performance and muscle strength were also observed in the combined BR + EX group (decrease in sit-to-stand time and gait speed over the 24-week intervention, both p < 0.05 vs. T0, and trend toward grip strength improvement at p = 0.088 vs. T0). Overall, our results indicated a synergistic effect towards the combined intervention with the sustainable improvement in physical performances, lower-body muscle strength, and the modulation of both inflammatory and endocrine biomarkers. This study could encourage older adults to change their lifestyles to improve healthy aging and longevity.

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