scholarly journals Minimally Supervised Multimodal Exercise to Reduce Falls Risk in Economically and Educationally Disadvantaged Older Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taís L. Almeida ◽  
Neil B. Alexander ◽  
Linda V. Nyquist ◽  
Marcos L. Montagnini ◽  
Angela C.S. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Walk Speed ◽  
Educationally Disadvantaged ◽  
Home Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Minimally Supervised

Few studies have evaluated the benefit of providing exercise to underprivileged older adults at risk for falls. Economically and educationally disadvantaged older adults with previous falls (mean age 79.06, SD = 4.55) were randomized to 4 mo of multimodal exercise provided as fully supervised center-based (FS, n = 45), minimally supervised home-based (MS, n = 42), or to nonexercise controls (C, n = 32). Comparing groups on the mean change in fall-relevant mobility task performance between baseline and 4 mo and compared with the change in C, both FS and MS had significantly greater reduction in timed up-and-go, F(2,73) = 5.82, p = .004, η2p = .14, and increase in tandem-walk speed, F(2,73) = 7.71, p < .001 η2p = .17. Change in performance did not statistically differ between FS and MS. In community-dwelling economically and educationally disadvantaged older adults with a history of falls, minimally supervised home-based and fully supervised center-based exercise programs may be equally effective in improving fall-relevant functional mobility.

scholarly journals 122 3OLLIN: APP to Assess the Risk of Falls in Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv28-iv33
Author(s):  
Lorena Parra-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Registration System ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objective To develop an app for Android smartphones (named 3Ollin) that assess the fall risk through the automated analysis of three physical performance (PP) tests and the history of falls of the participant. Design Cross-sectional design. Setting Community-dwelling older adults studied at the Functional Evaluation Laboratory at the National Institute of Geriatrics in Mexico. Participants Older adults (n=223) living in Mexico City were included. The participants were recruited from groups of pensioners from the National Autonomous University of Mexico, church groups, and other community programs. Measurements Data were collected about demographics, comorbidities, cognitive status, nutritional status, dependency and PP variables. The 3Ollin app evaluates the PP of the participants through the history of falls, the Timed Up and Go, the 30-second chair stand, and the 4-stage balance tests. The app incorporates them into the CDC’s Algorithm for Fall Risk Screening, Assessment, and Intervention. Methods All participants were evaluated by trained staff. The app has a registration system for users and patients, allows to perform the PP tests, acquires the data from the sensors signals, and sends and stores the information in the server of the National Institute of Geriatrics in Mexico. Results The mean age of the studied population was 73.5±7.0 years, 77.6% were women, and 37.2% did not complete the 4-stage balance test. The mean percentage error (MPE) between the gait speed measured through the GAITRite walkway (ms=103.5±26.1 cm/s) and the 3Ollin app (ms=100.0±30.3 cm/s) was 10.7%. The MPE between the number of chair lifts in 30 s according to the evaluator's observations (mCL=15±6 repetitions), and the 3Ollin app (mCL=19±6 repetitions) was 23.4%. Additionally, 87% were correctly classified according to the 3Ollin app. Conclusions This design first step of the 3Ollin app probed to offer a valid, efficient, costless performance evaluation, without the need of a laboratory environment.

scholarly journals Effects of Periodic Task-Specific Test Feedback on Physical Performance in Older Adults Undertaking Band-Based Resistance Exercise

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Hasegawa ◽  
Mohammod Monirul Islam ◽  
Ryuji Watanabe ◽  
Naoki Tomiyama ◽  
Dennis R. Taaffe
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Periodic Task ◽  
Test Feedback ◽  
Home Based

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of periodic task-specific test feedback on performance improvement in older adults undertaking community- and home-based resistance exercises (CHBRE). Fifty-two older adults (65–83 years) were assigned to a muscular perfsormance feedback group (MPG,n=32) or a functional mobility feedback group (FMG,n=20). Both groups received exactly the same 9-week CHBRE program comprising one community-based and two home-based sessions per week. Muscle performance included arm curls and chair stands in 30 seconds, while functional mobility was determined by the timed up and go (TUG) test. MPG received fortnightly test feedback only on muscle performance and FMG received feedback only on the TUG. Following training, there was a significant (P<0.05) interaction for all performance tests with MPG improving more for the arm curls (MPG 31.4%, FMG 15.9%) and chair stands (MPG 33.7%, FMG 24.9%) while FMG improved more for the TUG (MPG-3.5%, FMG-9.7%). Results from this nonrandomized study suggest that periodic test feedback during resistance training may enhance task-specific physical performance in older persons, thereby augmenting reserve capacity or potentially reducing the time required to recover functional abilities.

scholarly journals Factors influencing Fear of Falling in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Singapore: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Giovanna De Roza ◽  
David Wei Liang Ng ◽  
Blessy Koottappal Mathew ◽  
Teena Jose ◽  
Ling Jia Goh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract BackgroundFalls in older adults is a common problem worldwide. Fear of falling (FoF) is a consequence of falls which has far-reaching implications including activity restriction, functional decline and reduced quality of life. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with FoF in a segment of Singapore’s community-dwelling older adults. MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study recruited a convenience sample of adults aged 65 and above from 4 primary care clinics from September 2020 to March 2021. Data were collected on demographic factors and clinical factors including history of falls and frailty as determined by the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). FoF was measured using the Short Falls Efficacy Scale–International (Short FES-I), cut-off score of 14 and above indicated high FoF. Logistic regression was used to determine predictors of high FoF.ResultsOut of 360 older adults, 78.1% were Chinese and 59.7% females. The mean age was 78.3 years and 76 (21.1%) had a history of falls in the past six months. Almost half (43.1%) were mildly to moderately frail and most (80.6%) had three or more chronic conditions. The mean FoF score was 15.5 (SD 5.97) and 60.8% reported high FoF. Logistic regression found that Malay ethnicity (OR = 5.81, 95% CI 1.77 – 19.13), use of walking aids (OR = 3.67, 95% CI = 1.54 – 8.77) and increasing frailty were significant predictors for high FoF. The odds of high FoF were significantly higher in pre frail older adults (OR = 6.87, 95% CI = 2.66 – 17.37), mildly frail older adults (OR =18.58, 95% CI = 4.88 – 70.34) and moderately frail older adults (OR = 144.78, 95% CI = 13.86 – 1512.60).ConclusionsFoF is a prevalent and compelling issue in community-dwelling older adults, particularly those with frailty. The demographic and clinical factors identified in this study will be helpful to develop targeted and tailored interventions for FoF.

scholarly journals Towards Using the Instrumented Timed Up-and-Go Test for Screening of Sensory System Performance for Balance Control in Older Adults

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gerhardy ◽  
Katharina Gordt ◽  
Carl-Philipp Jansen ◽  
Michael Schwenk
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Sensory Systems ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Decreasing performance of the sensory systems’ for balance control, including the visual, somatosensory and vestibular system, is associated with increased fall risk in older adults. A smartphone-based version of the Timed Up-and-Go (mTUG) may allow screening sensory balance impairments through mTUG subphases. The association between mTUG subphases and sensory system performance is examined. Methods: Functional mobility of forty-one community-dwelling older adults (>55 years) was measured using a validated mTUG. Duration of mTUG and its subphases ‘sit-to-walk’, ‘walking’, ‘turning’, ‘turn-to-sit’ and ‘sit-down’ were extracted. Sensory systems’ performance was quantified by validated posturography during standing (30 s) under different conditions. Visual, somatosensory and vestibular control ratios (CR) were calculated from posturography and correlated with mTUG subphases. Results: Vestibular CR correlated with mTUG total time (r = 0.54; p < 0.01), subphases ‘walking’ (r = 0.56; p < 0.01), and ‘turning’ (r = 0.43; p = 0.01). Somatosensory CR correlated with mTUG total time (r = 0.52; p = 0.01), subphases ‘walking’ (r = 0.52; p < 0.01) and ‘turning’ (r = 0.44; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Supporting the proposed approach, results indicate an association between specific mTUG subphases and sensory system performance. mTUG subphases ‘walking’ and ‘turning’ may allow screening for sensory system deterioration. This is a first step towards an objective, detailed and expeditious balance control assessment, however needing validation in a larger study.

scholarly journals Fall Awareness Behaviour And Its Associated Factors Among Community Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
GOH JING WEN ◽  
Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽  
NORMALA MESBAH ◽  
ANIS AFIFA MOHD HANAFI ◽  
ADLYN FARHANA AZWAN
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Falls are one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in older adults. However, despite adoption of prevention strategies, the number of falls in older adults has not declined. The aim of this study was to examine fall awareness behaviour and its associated factors. A total of 140 community dwelling older adults (mean age of 70.69±4.3 years) participated in this study. Physical performance was assessed using timed up and go(TUG), gait speed(GS), chair stand and hand grip tests. Fall Awareness Behaviour (FaB) and Fall Risk Assessment Questionnaires (FRAQ) were administered to assess behaviours and fall prevention knowledge respectively. Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the practice of fall awareness behaviours (R2=.256) was significantly associated with being male [95% C.I: 2.178 to 7.789, p<.001], having lower BMI [95% C.I: -0.692 to -0.135, p<.05], living with family [95% C.I: 0.022 to 5.953, p<.05] and those having higher functional mobility [95% C.I: -2.008 to -0.164, p<.05]. Fall awareness behaviours should be emphasized among older females, those with lower functional mobility, higher BMI and living alone.

scholarly journals Fall awareness behaviour and its associated factors among community dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wen Goh ◽  
Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽  
Normala Mesbah ◽  
Anis Afifa Mohd Hanafi ◽  
Adlyn Farhana Azwan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Falls are one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in older adults. However, despite adoption of prevention strategies, the number of falls in older adults has not declined. The aim of this study was to examine fall awareness behaviour and its associated factors among Malaysian community dwelling older adults. Methods A total of 144 community dwelling older adults (mean age of 70.69 ± 4.3 years) participated in this study. Physical performance were assessed using timed up and go (TUG), gait speed (GS), chair stand and hand grip tests. Fall Awareness Behaviour (FaB) and Fall Risk Assessment Questionnaires (FRAQ) were administered to assess behaviour and fall prevention knowledge respectively. Results Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the practice of fall awareness behaviour (R2 = 0.256) was significantly associated with being male [95% C.I: 2.178 to 7.789, p < 0.001], having lower BMI [95% C.I: − 0.692 to − 0.135, p < 0.05], living with family [95% C.I: 0.022 to 5.953, p < 0.05] and those having higher functional mobility [95% C.I: − 2.008 to − 0.164, p < 0.05]. Conclusions Fall awareness behaviour should be emphasized among older females, those with lower functional mobility, higher BMI and living alone.

scholarly journals Fall Awareness Behaviour And Its Associated Factors Among Malaysian Community Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goh Jing Wen ◽  
Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽  
Normala Mesbah ◽  
Anis Afifa Mohd Hanafi ◽  
Adlyn Farhana Azwan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Falls are one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in older adults. However, despite adoption of prevention strategies, the number of falls in older adults has not declined. The aim of this study was to examine fall awareness behaviour and its associated factors among Malaysian community dwelling older adults. Methods A total of 144 community dwelling older adults (mean age of 70.69±4.3 years) participated in this study. Physical performance were assessed using timed up and go (TUG), gait speed (GS), chair stand and hand grip tests. Fall Awareness Behaviour (FaB) and Fall Risk Assessment Questionnaires (FRAQ) were administered to assess behaviour and fall prevention knowledge respectively. Results Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the practice of fall awareness behaviour (R2=0.256) was significantly associated with being male [95% C.I: 2.178 to 7.789, p<0.001], having lower BMI [95% C.I: -0.692 to -0.135, p<0.05], living with family [95% C.I: 0.022 to 5.953, p<0.05] and those having higher functional mobility [95% C.I: -2.008 to -0.164, p<0.05]. Conclusions Fall awareness behaviour should be emphasized among older females, those with lower functional mobility, higher BMI and living alone.

scholarly journals 180-day readmission risk model for older adults with acute myocardial infarction: the SILVER-AMI study

Open Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001442
Author(s):  
John A Dodson ◽  
Alexandra M Hajduk ◽  
Terrence E Murphy ◽  
Mary Geda ◽  
Harlan M Krumholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Derivation Cohort ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Self Reported Health Status ◽  
Readmission Risk

ObjectiveTo develop a 180-day readmission risk model for older adults with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) that considered a broad range of clinical, demographic and age-related functional domains.MethodsWe used data from ComprehenSIVe Evaluation of Risk in Older Adults with AMI (SILVER-AMI), a prospective cohort study that enrolled participants aged ≥75 years with AMI from 94 US hospitals. Participants underwent an in-hospital assessment of functional impairments, including cognition, vision, hearing and mobility. Clinical variables previously shown to be associated with readmission risk were also evaluated. The outcome was 180-day readmission. From an initial list of 72 variables, we used backward selection and Bayesian model averaging to derive a risk model (N=2004) that was subsequently internally validated (N=1002).ResultsOf the 3006 SILVER-AMI participants discharged alive, mean age was 81.5 years, 44.4% were women and 10.5% were non-white. Within 180 days, 1222 participants (40.7%) were readmitted. The final risk model included 10 variables: history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of heart failure, initial heart rate, first diastolic blood pressure, ischaemic ECG changes, initial haemoglobin, ejection fraction, length of stay, self-reported health status and functional mobility. Model discrimination was moderate (0.68 derivation cohort, 0.65 validation cohort), with good calibration. The predicted readmission rate (derivation cohort) was 23.0% in the lowest quintile and 65.4% in the highest quintile.ConclusionsOver 40% of participants in our sample experienced hospital readmission within 180 days of AMI. Our final readmission risk model included a broad range of characteristics, including functional mobility and self-reported health status, neither of which have been previously considered in 180-day risk models.

scholarly journals Daily Time Use by Activity of Community-Dwelling Older Koreans: Focus on Health Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1688
Author(s):  
Hana Ko
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Senior Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Daily Time

This study aimed to examine the daily time use by activity and identified factors related to health management time (HMT) use among 195 older adults (mean age = 77.5, SD = 6.28 years; 70.8% women) attending a Korean senior center. Descriptive statistics were analyzed and gamma regression analyses were performed. Participants used the most time on rest, followed by leisure, health management, daily living activities, and work. The mean duration of HMT was 205.38 min/day. The mean score for the subjective evaluation of health management (SEHM) was 13.62 and the importance score for SEHM was 4.72. Factors influencing HMT included exercise, number of chronic conditions, fasting blood sugar level, low density lipoprotein level, and cognitive function. HMT and frailty significantly predicted SEHM. HMT interventions focus on promoting exercise and acquiring health information to improve health outcomes among older adults in senior centers.

scholarly journals Impact of Malnutrition Status on Muscle Parameter Changes over a 5-Year Follow-Up of Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the SarcoPhAge Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Laetitia Lengelé ◽  
Olivier Bruyère ◽  
Charlotte Beaudart ◽  
Jean-Yves Reginster ◽  
Médéa Locquet
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
P Values ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study aimed to assess the impact of malnutrition on the 5-year evolution of physical performance, muscle mass and muscle strength in participants from the SarcoPhAge cohort, consisting of community-dwelling older adults. The malnutrition status was assessed at baseline (T0) according to the “Global Leadership Initiatives on Malnutrition” (GLIM) criteria, and the muscle parameters were evaluated both at T0 and after five years of follow-up (T5). Lean mass, muscle strength and physical performance were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip dynamometry, the short physical performance battery test and the timed up and go test, respectively. Differences in muscle outcomes according to nutritional status were tested using Student’s t-test. The association between malnutrition and the relative 5-year change in the muscle parameters was tested using multiple linear regressions adjusted for several covariates. A total of 411 participants (mean age of 72.3 ± 6.1 years, 56% women) were included. Of them, 96 individuals (23%) were diagnosed with malnutrition at baseline. Their muscle parameters were significantly lower than those of the well-nourished patients both at baseline and after five years of follow-up (all p-values < 0.05), except for muscle strength in women at T5, which was not significantly lower in the presence of malnutrition. However, the 5-year changes in muscle parameters of malnourished individuals were not significantly different than those of well-nourished individuals (all p-values > 0.05).

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