Imagery as a Method of Enhancing Transfer From Trailing to Performance

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine H. Van Gym ◽  
Howard A. Wenger ◽  
Catherine A. Gaul
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Power Training ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Imagery Training ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ergometer Test ◽  
And Control

This study investigated the effect of engaging in imagery in conjunction with nonspecific training on the transfer of the training to performance. Forty subjects were pretested on a Wingate cycle ergometer test for peak power and a 40-m sprint. Subjects were assigned to one of four groups: imagery training (IT), power training (PT), imagery and power training (DPT), and control (C). Following a 6-week training period, all subjects were retested. Although a MANOVA revealed no significant difference between groups on any variable, the groups-by-time interaction was significant. Therefore an analysis of difference scores on both tests was performed. This analysis revealed that although both the IPT and the PT group significantly improved in peak power, only the IPT group improved significantly on the sprint. The results indicate that imagery coupled with nonspecific training contributes to the enhancement of subsequent performance significantly better than does nonspecific training alone.

scholarly journals Entrenamiento, presión arterial y lípidos en adultos con prehipertensión (Training, blood pressure and lipids in adults with prehypertension)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Guillermo R. Oviedo ◽  
Oscar Niño ◽  
Cayetano Bellomío ◽  
Roque González ◽  
Miriam Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Ergometer Test

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico sobre la presión arterial, el perfil lipídico y la condición física en 16 adultos (9 hombres, 7 mujeres; 54 ± 5 años) prehipertensos, sin la presencia de otra enfermedad crónica. El grupo participó en un programa de ejercicios físicos aeróbico y de fuerza durante 16 semanas, 1.5 horas, 3 veces por semana. La presión arterial, el perfil lipídico, la condición física y medidas antropométricas fueron evaluadas al inicio y al final del programa. El test de Wilcoxon-Cox se utilizó para evaluar los cambios pre-post en las variables. Se encontraron disminuciones estadísticamente significativas en la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica basal de ~12/9 mmHg (p < .05) respectivamente, el VO2 pico incrementó ~8 ml/Kg/min (p < .05), la potencia en cicloergómetro aumentó ~51 Watts (p < .05); el IMC decreció ~2 puntos (p < .05); triglicéridos disminuyeron ~21 mg/dL (p < .05); colesterol disminuyó ~19 mg/dL (p < .05); HDL incrementó ~10 mg/dL (p < .05) y LDL decreció ~36 mg/dL (p < .05). Conclusiones: el programa de ejercicios físicos produjo mejoras significativas en la presión arterial, el perfil lipídico y la condición física en este grupo de adultos prehipertensos.Palabras clave. hipertensión arterial, ejercicio, condición física, lípidos.Abstract. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of a physical exercise program on blood pressure, lipid profile and physical fitness on 16 (9 men, 7 women; 54 ± 5 years old) prehypertensive adults, without any other chronic illness. The group followed a physical exercise program for 16 weeks, which last 1.5 hour, three times a week consisting of aerobic activities and strength training. Blood pressure, lipid profile, physical fitness and anthropometric measurements were assessed pre and post training. Wilcoxon-Cox test was used to compare within group changes. Statistically significant reductions were found in basal systolic and diastolic blood pressure by ~12/9 mmHg (p < .05) respectively; VO2 peak increased by ~8 ml/Kg/min (p < .05); the peak power achieved during the cycle-ergometer test increased by ~51 Watts (p < .05); BMI decreased by ~2 points (p < .05); triglycerides decreased by ~21 mg/dL (p < .05); cholesterol decreased by ~19 mg/dL (p < .05); HDL increased by ~10 mg/dL (p < .05); LDL decreased by ~36 mg/dL (p < .05). Conclusions: this intervention showed significant improvements in blood pressure, lipid profile and physical fitness in this group of adults with prehypertension.Key words. arterial hypertension, exercise, physical fitness, lipids.

Evaluation of Nasal Volume by Acoustic Rhinometry before and after Physical Exercise

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marconi T. Fonseca ◽  
Richard L. Voegels ◽  
Kelerson M. C. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Acoustic Rhinometry ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Maximal Load ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Ergometer Test

Background The nasal structures generate airflow resistance that can reach ∼50% of the total respiratory resistance. There are a series of factors that can alter the volume of these structures, among them physical exercise. The objective of this study was to determine the degree of changes in nasal volume at different levels of physical exercise, evaluating the influence of exercise intensity and duration, as well as the duration of the effect of exercise on the nasal mucosa. Methods Nineteen individuals were submitted to three distinct physical tests on a cycle ergometer: test 1, exercising for 5 minutes on a cycle ergometer at 50% the maximal load; test 2, exercising for 10 minutes on a cycle ergometer at 50% the maximal load; and test 3, exercising for 5 minutes on a cycle ergometer at 75% the maximal load. In each test, nasal volume was measured by acoustic rhinometry immediately after the end of exercise and 10 and 20 minutes thereafter. Results The rhinometry results showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) in nasal volume after physical exercise for all tests performed. At 20 minutes, nasal volume had returned close to resting levels in all three tests. Comparison of the degree of improvement of nasal volume between the three physical tests showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between T1 and T2 (T2 presented gain of 8.3% more in nasal volume than T1). Test 3 showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) compared with the other two tests, with 5.8% higher gain in nasal volume observed compared with T1, while the increase was 2.5% lower than in T2. Conclusion Physical exercise in general causes a significant increase in nasal volume, with the duration of exercise exerting a greater effect on the degree of improvement than intensity.

Effect of beta-blockade on the drift in O2 consumption during prolonged exercise

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 753-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Kalis ◽  
B. J. Freund ◽  
M. J. Joyner ◽  
S. M. Jilka ◽  
J. Nittolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Beta Blockade ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Ergometer Test

The effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on the drift in O2 consumption (VO2 drift) typically observed during prolonged constant-rate exercise was studied in 14 healthy males in moderate heat at 40% of maximal O2 consumption (VO2max). After an initial maximum cycle ergometer test to determine the subjects' control VO2max, subjects were administered each of three medications: placebo, atenolol (100 mg once daily), and propranolol (80 mg twice daily), in a randomized double-blind fashion. Each medication period was 5 days in length and was followed by a 4-day washout period. On the 3rd day of each medication period, subjects performed a maximal cycle ergometer test. On the final day of each medication period, subjects exercised at 40% of their control VO2max for 90 min on a cycle ergometer in a warm (31.7 +/- 0.3 degrees C) moderately humid (44.7 +/- 4.7%) environment. beta-Blockade caused significant (P less than 0.05) reductions in VO2max, maximal minute ventilation (VEmax), maximal heart rate (HRmax), and maximal exercise time. Significantly greater decreases in VO2max, VEmax, and HRmax were associated with the propranolol compared with the atenolol treatment. During the 90-min submaximal rides, beta-blockade significantly reduced heart rate. Substantially lower values for O2 consumption (VO2) and minute ventilation (VE) were observed with propranolol compared with atenolol or placebo. Furthermore, VO2 drift and HR drift were observed under atenolol and placebo conditions but not with propranolol. Respiratory exchange ratio decreased significantly over time during the placebo and atenolol trials but did not change during the propranolol trial.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The 10-min Cycle Ergometer Test

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Paul M. Vanderburgh ◽  
Greg Daniels ◽  
Todd A. Crowder ◽  
Tony Lachowetz ◽  
Robb Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Ergometer Test

A Clinical Method for Estimation of VO2max Using Seismocardiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 661-668
Author(s):  
Kasper Sørensen ◽  
Mathias Krogh Poulsen ◽  
Dan Stieper Karbing ◽  
Peter Søgaard ◽  
Johannes Jan Struijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Aortic Valve Closure ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Ergometer Test

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the seismocardiogram and cardiorespiratory fitness. Cardiorespiratory fitness can be estimated as VO2max using non-exercise algorithms, but the results can be inaccurate. Healthy subjects were recruited for this study. Seismocardiogram and electrocardiogram were recorded at rest. VO2max was measured during a maximal effort cycle ergometer test. Amplitudes and timing intervals were extracted from the seismocardiogram and used in combination with demographic data in a non-exercise prediction model for VO2max. 26 subjects were included, 17 females. Mean age: 38.3±9.1 years. The amplitude following the aortic valve closure derived from the seismocardiogram had a significant correlation of 0.80 (p<0.001) to VO2max. This feature combined with age, sex and BMI in the prediction model, yields a correlation to VO2max of 0.90 (p<0.001, 95% CI: 0.83–0.94) and a standard error of the estimate of 3.21 mL·kg−1·min−1 . The seismocardiogram carries information about the cardiorespiratory fitness. When comparing to other non-exercise models the proposed model performs better, even after cross validation. The model is limited when tracking changes in VO2max. The method could be used in the clinic for a more accurate estimation of VO2max compared to current non-exercise methods.

Estimation of Energy Expenditure in Healthy Adults From the YMCA Submaximal Cycle Ergometer Test

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Garatachea ◽  
Euclides Cavalcanti ◽  
David García-López ◽  
Javier González-Gallego ◽  
Jose A. de Paz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Ergometer Test

scholarly journals To Jump or Cycle? Monitoring Neuromuscular Function in Rugby Union Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 690-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Roe ◽  
Joshua Darrall-Jones ◽  
Kevin Till ◽  
Padraic Phibbs ◽  
Dale Read ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Flight Time ◽  
Neuromuscular Fatigue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Training Block ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test

Purpose:To evaluate changes in performance of a 6-s cycle-ergometer test (CET) and countermovement jump (CMJ) during a 6-wk training block in professional rugby union players.Methods:Twelve young professional rugby union players performed 2 CETs and CMJs on the 1st and 4th mornings of every week before the commencement of daily training during a 6-wk training block. Standardized changes in the highest score of 2 CET and CMJ efforts were assessed using linear mixed modeling and magnitude-based inferences.Results:After increases in training load during wk 3 to 5, moderate decreases in CMJ peak and mean power and small decreases in flight time were observed during wk 5 and 6 that were very likely to almost certainly greater than the smallest worthwhile change (SWC), suggesting neuromuscular fatigue. However, only small decreases, possibly greater than the SWC, were observed in CET peak power. Changes in CMJ peak and mean power were moderately greater than in CET peak power during this period, while the difference between flight time and CET peak power was small.Conclusion:The greater weekly changes in CMJ metrics in comparison with CET may indicate differences in the capacities of these tests to measure training-induced lower-body neuromuscular fatigue in rugby union players. However, future research is needed to ascertain the specific modes of training that elicit changes in CMJ and CET to determine the efficacy of each test for monitoring neuromuscular function in rugby union players.

Cross-validation of the Air Force Cycle Ergometer Test with Maximal Treadmill Testing

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S118
Author(s):  
Shannon Crumpton ◽  
Henry Williford ◽  
Michele Scharff-Olson ◽  
Shawn OʼMailia ◽  
Elese Woollen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Treadmill Testing ◽  
Ergometer Test
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