The Covariate Influence of Muscle Mass on Isokinetic Peak Torque in High School Wrestlers

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry J. Housh ◽  
Jeffrey R. Stout ◽  
Dona J. Housh ◽  
Glen O. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Versus Peak ◽  
Flexion And Extension ◽  
Isokinetic Peak Torque

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the covariate influence of estimated muscle mass on age-related increases in isokinetic peak torque for flexion and extension of the forearm and leg in high school wrestlers. One hundred thirteen high school wrestlers volunteered to be measured for strength at 30, 180, and 300°·s−1. Underwater weighing was performed to determine body composition characteristics, and the anthropometric equation of Martin et al. (10) was used to estimate total skeletal muscle mass (MM). There were significant (p < .05) relationships (r = .19 to .37) for age versus peak torque covaried independently for fat-free weight (FFW) and MM for forearm flexion at 30, 180, and 300°·s−1; forearm extension at 180 and 300°·s−1; and leg extension at 30, 180 and 300°·s−1. The results of this study indicated that there was no increase across age in MM per unit of FFW, and the age-related increases in peak torque in high school wrestlers could not be fully accounted for by changes in MM.

Seasonal Changes in Body Composition, Strength, and Muscular Power in High School Wrestlers

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan M. Eckerson ◽  
Dona J. Housh ◽  
Terry J. Housh ◽  
Glen O. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Muscular Power ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Leg Flexion ◽  
Flexion And Extension

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the changes in body composition, isokinetic strength, and muscular power in high school wrestlers across a season of competition. Wrestlers were measured (preseason and postseason) for body composition and isokinetic peak torque for flexion and extension of the dominant forearm and leg. Each subject also completed Wingate anaerobic tests to determine changes in mean power and peak power (PP) of the legs. The results indicated that body weight (BW), fat weight, and percent fat decreased (p < .002) across the wrestling season. PP and absolute peak torque for forearm and leg extension (LE) at 30°·s−1; forearm flexion (FF) at 30, 180, and 300°·s−1; and leg flexion (LF) at 180 and 300°·s−1 were significantly (p < .05) lower postseason. Relative peak torque (adjusted for BW) decreased (p < .05) across the season for LE at 30°·s−1 as well as FF and LF at 180°·s−1. Therefore, changes in BW were not associated with functional advantages in terms of strength or muscular power.

Age, fat-free weight, and isokinetic peak torque in high school female gymnasts

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 610-613
Author(s):  
TERRY J. HOUSH ◽  
GLEN O. JOHNSON ◽  
DONA J. HOUSH ◽  
JOSEPH P. WEIR ◽  
LOREE L. WEIR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Female Gymnasts ◽  
Isokinetic Peak Torque

Age, fat-free weight, and isokinetic peak torque in high school female gymnasts

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 610-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
TERRY J. HOUSH ◽  
GLEN O. JOHNSON ◽  
DONA J. HOUSH ◽  
JOSEPH P. WEIR ◽  
LOREE L. WEIR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Female Gymnasts ◽  
Isokinetic Peak Torque

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanism and Pathogenesis of Sarcopenia: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3032
Author(s):  
Anna Picca ◽  
Riccardo Calvani
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Strength Function ◽  
Age Related

Sarcopenia involves a progressive age‐related decline of skeletal muscle mass and strength/function [...]

scholarly journals Relationship between age-related decreases in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and skeletal muscle mass in Japanese women

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1.2) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiko Sato ◽  
Teruhiro Morishita ◽  
Takafumi Katayama ◽  
Shigeko Satomura ◽  
Hiroko Okuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Age Related ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

scholarly journals NEUROMUSCULAR CHANGES WITH AGING AND SARCOPENIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
B.C. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Conceptual Definition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Function

Sarcopenia was originally conceptualized as the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass. Over the ensuing decades, the conceptual definition of sarcopenia has changed to represent a condition in older adults that is characterized by declining muscle mass and function, with “function” most commonly conceived as muscle weakness and/or impaired physical performance (e.g., slow gait speed). Findings over the past 15-years, however, have demonstrated that changes in grip and leg extensor strength are not primarily due to muscle atrophy per se, and that to a large extent, are reflective of declines in the integrity of the nervous system. This article briefly summarizes findings relating to the complex neuromuscular mechanisms that contribute to reductions in muscle function associated with advancing age, and the implications of these findings on the development of effective therapies.

scholarly journals Age-Related Increases in the Shoulder Strength of High School Wrestlers

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry J. Housh ◽  
Rommie J. Hughes ◽  
Glen O. Johnson ◽  
Dona J. Housh ◽  
Loree L. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Muscular Contraction ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Shoulder Strength ◽  
Fiber Type Distribution ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Flexion And Extension

The purpose of this investigation was to examine age-related differences in absolute and relative isokinetic shoulder strength of high school wrestlers. A total of 122 high school wrestlers (M age = 16.31±1.18 yrs) volunteered to be measured for arm flexion and extension strength at the shoulder joint using a Cybex II dynamometer at 30, 180, and 300°·s−1. The sample was divided into four age groups: 13.75−15.00 (n = 22), 15.08−16.00 (n = 27), 16.08−17.00 (n = 34), and 17.08−18.83 years (n = 39). The results of this study indicated significant increases in absolute and relative arm flexion and extension strength across age when covaried for BW and FFW. In addition, comparisons with previously published data indicated differences between muscle groups in the pattern of strength gains that were dependent upon the speed of muscular contraction and may have been influenced by fiber type distribution characteristics.

Hurrah for the increasing longevity: feasible strategies to counteract age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Holm ◽  
A. P. Jespersen ◽  
D. S. Nielsen ◽  
M. B. Frøst ◽  
S. Reitelseder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Age Related

Aging, exercise, and muscle protein metabolism

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 2040-2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Koopman ◽  
Luc J. C. van Loon
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Related

Aging is accompanied by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, leading to the loss of functional capacity and an increased risk of developing chronic metabolic disease. The age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass is attributed to a disruption in the regulation of skeletal muscle protein turnover, resulting in an imbalance between muscle protein synthesis and degradation. As basal (fasting) muscle protein synthesis rates do not seem to differ substantially between the young and elderly, many research groups have started to focus on the muscle protein synthetic response to the main anabolic stimuli, i.e., food intake and physical activity. Recent studies suggest that the muscle protein synthetic response to food intake is blunted in the elderly. The latter is now believed to represent a key factor responsible for the age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass. Physical activity and/or exercise stimulate postexercise muscle protein accretion in both the young and elderly. However, the latter largely depends on the timed administration of amino acids and/or protein before, during, and/or after exercise. Prolonged resistance type exercise training represents an effective therapeutic strategy to augment skeletal muscle mass and improve functional performance in the elderly. The latter shows that the ability of the muscle protein synthetic machinery to respond to anabolic stimuli is preserved up to very old age. Research is warranted to elucidate the interaction between nutrition, exercise, and the skeletal muscle adaptive response. The latter is needed to define more effective strategies that will maximize the therapeutic benefits of lifestyle intervention in the elderly.

Time of day effect on isokinetic peak torque during knee flexion and extension

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel H.W. Bowdle ◽  
Barbara L. Warren ◽  
Jung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Flexion And Extension ◽  
Isokinetic Peak Torque
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