Raising Awareness and Commitment to Gender Equity in Athletics a Developmental Workshop

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Lee A. Pemberton ◽  
Robert B. Everhart
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Title Ix ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
Gender Specific

The purpose of the project described in this study was to develop and field-test an educational workshop designed to lower individual and organizational resistance to change relative to the issues of gender equity in intercollegiate athletics. The effectiveness of the workshop was assessed by addressing three questions: (a) Did participants believe that their participation in the workshop increased their awareness and understanding of Title IX?; (b) Did participants believe that their participation in the workshop increased their awareness and understanding of the gender specific value of sport?; and, (c) Do/did participants indicate that they intended to initiate actions to facilitate further gender equity on their own campuses?Workshop participants included intercollegiate athletic personnel from two National Athletic Intercollegiate Association and/or National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III member institutions. The institutions and participants were selected based on their willingness to participate in the workshop fiel, d-tests.The workshop content addressed Title IX and the gender specific value of sport using a combination lecture and small group activity format. The effectiveness of the workshop was assessed using a post-workshop survey, workshop facilitator notes and reflections, and in the case of the first workshop field-test, focus group and follow-up interviews.The findings were: (a) Both workshop field-tests were effective in lowering change resistance as defined in this project, with the revised workshop being more effective than the original workshop; and, (b) The workshop was improved through consideration and implementation of selected education change strategies and adult learning theory.

Travelers on the Title IX Compliance Highway: How Are Ohio’s Colleges and Universities Faring?

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen J. Staurowsky ◽  
Heather Lawrence ◽  
Amanda Paule ◽  
James Reese ◽  
Kristy Falcon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Title Ix ◽  
Junior Colleges ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
The State ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Athletic Programs ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletic Programs

As a measure of progress, the experiences today of women athletes in the state of Ohio are far different from those attending institutions of higher learning just after the passage of Title IX of the Education Amendments Act of 1972. But how different, and how much progress has been made? The purpose of this study was to assess the level of progress made by compiling and analyzing data available through the Equity in Athletics Disclosure reports filed by 61 junior colleges, four year colleges, and universities in the State of Ohio over a four year span of time for the academic years 2002-2006.2 The template for this study was the report completed by the Women’s Law Project examining gender equity in intercollegiate athletics in colleges and universities in Pennsylvania (Cohen, 2005), the first study of its kind. Similar to that effort, this study assesses the success with which intercollegiate athletic programs in Ohio have collectively responded to the mandates of Title IX in areas of participation opportunities and financial allocations in the form of operating budgets, scholarship assistance, recruiting and coaching.3

Women Are a Problem

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie B. Lane
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Title Ix ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Media Analysis ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
The Law

Media coverage of Title IX over the past several decades has both praised the law and the achievements of female athletes who have benefited from it and highlighted claims that men’s college sports have been the unanticipated victims of the effort to increase opportunities for women. This study sought to understand how coverage of the debate in 1974–1975 over the Title IX regulations helped shape discourse about the law with regard to intercollegiate athletics. Through a combination of archival research and qualitative media analysis, I identified arguments made by Title IX critics and advocates and analyzed coverage of the debate in the New York Times and the Washington Post, paying particular attention to the presence or absence of what Dunja Antunovic called conflict and celebratory narratives. I found that conflict narratives that reflected concerns of Title IX critics overwhelmed celebratory narratives as well as anticommercialism narratives that I also detected. I concluded that these newspapers allowed critics, led by the National Collegiate Athletic Association, to shape the discourse about the meaning of Title IX and its consequences, thereby reinforcing male dominance of the American sport culture and missing an opportunity to question the commercialization of intercollegiate athletics.

scholarly journals Gender Equity in Intercollegiate Athletics: Determinants of Title IX Compliance

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Anderson ◽  
John Jesse Cheslock ◽  
Ronald G. Ehrenberg
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Title Ix

Buried Accomplishments: Institutional Isomorphism in College Athletics Mission Statements

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell E. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
College Athletics ◽  
Mission Statement ◽  
Mission Statements ◽  
Athletic Department ◽  
Athletic Departments ◽  
Academic Advancement ◽  
External Pressures

Despite suggestions that mission statements represent a strategic component of organizational communication, there has been little research of these documents in athletic departments at U.S. colleges and universities. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between mission statement content and athletic department accomplishments in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I schools (N = 343). The content analysis of mission statements revealed that athletics missions do not differentiate accomplished from less accomplished athletic programs. Athletic departments with strong traditions of promoting the academic advancement of student-athletes, achieving gender equity, and complying with NCAA rules tend to reference these distinctions in the same way as departments with less favorable histories. Grounded in institutional theory, this article describes the external pressures toward sameness rather than differentiation in mission statement content. Implications for intercollegiate athletics and higher education are discussed.

scholarly journals Gender Equity in Intercollegiate Athletics: Determinants of Title IX Compliance

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Anderson ◽  
John J. Cheslock ◽  
Ronald G. Ehrenberg
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Title Ix

Title IX and Intercollegiate Athletics: An Analysis of EADA Data on Student Enrollment, Sport Participation and Scholarship Allocation

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Athena Yiamouyiannis ◽  
Kay Hawes
Keyword(s):  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Title Ix ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Division I ◽  
Student Enrollment ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
Additional Information

The 2009–10 Equity in Athletics Disclosure Act (EADA) data were used to analyze and compare student enrollment, sport participation rates/participants, and scholarship allocation at NCAA Division I, II, and III colleges and their subdivisions from a critical perspective through the lens of feminism. The EADA data included 1,062 NCAA collegiate institutions, with 350 Division I colleges, 209 in Division II, and 420 in Division III. Within Division I, the three subdivisions included I-A (FBS), I-AA (FCS), and I-AAA (without football). For Divisions II and III, findings were reported for colleges with and without football. Of the 6 million students attending NCAA colleges, 54% are female students, while only 43% of sport participants are women, which reflects an 11% gap between female enrollment and sport participation. Scholarship allocation appears to favor women when using the OCR comparison of scholarships to participants; however, the opposite conclusion is drawn based upon additional information.

The Civil Rights Restoration Act and Enforcement of Title IX

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard P. Chudacoff
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletics ◽  
Title Ix ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
National Origin ◽  
Federal Funds ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Federal Assistance

This chapter discusses Title IX, the Civil Rights Restoration Act, and gender equity on college sports. The Education Amendments passed by Congress in 1972 included a provision in its Title IX that “no person in the United States shall on the basis of sex be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.” However, many colleges and universities, whose athletic policies were dominated by male coaches and administrators, dithered on making significant commitments to expand female participation in intercollegiate athletics. In 1987, Congress proposed an act “to restore the broad scope of coverage and to clarify the application of Title IX.” The law, named the Civil Rights Restoration Act, which applied to Title IX and three other civil-rights statutes, would require that any organization or entity that receives federal funds, or indirectly benefits from federal assistance, must abide by laws outlawing discriminatory practices based upon race, religion, color, national origin, age, disability, or gender.

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