scholarly journals Motivating the adoption of new community-minded behaviors: An empirical test in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. eaau5175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Blair ◽  
Rebecca Littman ◽  
Elizabeth Levy Paluck
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Evolution Of Cooperation ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
New Community ◽  
And Behavior

Social scientists have long sought to explain why people donate resources for the good of a community. Less attention has been paid to the difficult task of motivating the first adopters of these important behaviors. In a field experiment in Nigeria, we tested two campaigns that encouraged people to try reporting corruption by text message. Psychological theories about how to shift perceived norms and how to reduce barriers to action drove the design of each campaign. The first, a film featuring actors reporting corruption, and the second, a mass text message reducing the effort required to report, caused a total of 1181 people in 106 communities to text, including 241 people who sent concrete corruption reports. Psychological theories of social norms and behavior change can illuminate the early stages of the evolution of cooperation and collective action, when adoption is still relatively rare.

scholarly journals The mixed effects of online diversity training

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (16) ◽  
pp. 7778-7783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward H. Chang ◽  
Katherine L. Milkman ◽  
Dena M. Gromet ◽  
Robert W. Rebele ◽  
Cade Massey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Attitude Change ◽  
Diversity Training ◽  
Bias Reduction ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Women In The Workplace ◽  
Global Organization ◽  
The One ◽  
And Behavior

We present results from a large (n = 3,016) field experiment at a global organization testing whether a brief science-based online diversity training can change attitudes and behaviors toward women in the workplace. Our preregistered field experiment included an active placebo control and measured participants’ attitudes and real workplace decisions up to 20 weeks postintervention. Among groups whose average untreated attitudes—whereas still supportive of women—were relatively less supportive of women than other groups, our diversity training successfully produced attitude change but not behavior change. On the other hand, our diversity training successfully generated some behavior change among groups whose average untreated attitudes were already strongly supportive of women before training. This paper extends our knowledge about the pathways to attitude and behavior change in the context of bias reduction. However, the results suggest that the one-off diversity trainings that are commonplace in organizations are unlikely to be stand-alone solutions for promoting equality in the workplace, particularly given their limited efficacy among those groups whose behaviors policymakers are most eager to influence.

scholarly journals Norm-Based Governance for Severe Collective Action Problems: Lessons from Climate Change and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Leigh Raymond ◽  
Daniel Kelly ◽  
Erin P. Hennes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Individual Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Collective Action Problems ◽  
Norm Internalization ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Political Governance

The world has surpassed three million deaths from COVID-19, and faces potentially catastrophic tipping points in the global climate system. Despite the urgency, governments have struggled to address either problem. In this paper, we argue that COVID-19 and anthropogenic climate change (ACC) are critical examples of an emerging type of governance challenge: severe collective action problems that require significant individual behavior change under conditions of hyper-partisanship and scientific misinformation. Building on foundational political science work demonstrating the potential for norms (or informal rules of behavior) to solve collective action problems, we analyze more recent work on norms from neighboring disciplines to offer novel recommendations for more difficult challenges like COVID-19 and ACC. Key insights include more attention to 1) norm-based messaging strategies that appeal to individuals across the ideological spectrum or that reframe collective action as consistent with resistant subgroups’ pre-existing values, 2) messages that emphasize both the prevalence and the social desirability of individual behaviors required to address these challenges, 3) careful use of public policies and incentives that make individual behavior change easier without threatening norm internalization, and 4) greater attention to epistemic norms governing trust in different information sources. We conclude by pointing out that COVID-19 and climate change are likely harbingers of other polarized collective action problems that governments will face in the future. By connecting work on norms and political governance with a broader, interdisciplinary literature on norm psychology, motivation, and behavior change, we aim to improve the ability of political scientists and policymakers to respond to these and future collective action challenges.

Review of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change, 1972.

1974 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-334
Author(s):  
ROBERT C. CARSON
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
And Behavior

Texting teens to promote knowledge, attitude and behavior change for skin cancer prevention

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie D. Hingle ◽  
Aimee Snyder ◽  
Naja McKenzie ◽  
Cynthia Thomson ◽  
Robert A. Logan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Skin Cancer Prevention ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Protective population behavior change in outbreaks of emerging infectious disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans K. Lodge ◽  
Annakate M. Schatz ◽  
John M. Drake
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Emerging Infections ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Zoonotic Viruses ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Background During outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging infections, the lack of effective drugs and vaccines increases reliance on non-pharmacologic public health interventions and behavior change to limit human-to-human transmission. Interventions that increase the speed with which infected individuals remove themselves from the susceptible population are paramount, particularly isolation and hospitalization. Ebola virus disease (EVD), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) are zoonotic viruses that have caused significant recent outbreaks with sustained human-to-human transmission. Methods This investigation quantified changing mean removal rates (MRR) and days from symptom onset to hospitalization (DSOH) of infected individuals from the population in seven different outbreaks of EVD, SARS, and MERS, to test for statistically significant differences in these metrics between outbreaks. Results We found that epidemic week and viral serial interval were correlated with the speed with which populations developed and maintained health behaviors in each outbreak. Conclusions These findings highlight intrinsic population-level changes in isolation rates in multiple epidemics of three zoonotic infections with established human-to-human transmission and significant morbidity and mortality. These data are particularly useful for disease modelers seeking to forecast the spread of emerging pathogens.

Eudaimonia and Behavior Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Torsi ◽  
Cristina Rebek ◽  
Benedetta Giunchiglia ◽  
Fausto Giunchgilia
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
And Behavior
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