scholarly journals Light-driven, heterogeneous organocatalysts for C–C bond formation toward valuable perfluoroalkylated intermediates

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (46) ◽  
pp. eabc9923
Author(s):  
Giacomo Filippini ◽  
Francesco Longobardo ◽  
Luke Forster ◽  
Alejandro Criado ◽  
Graziano Di Carmine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Material Chemistry ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Relationship Of

The favorable exploitation of carbon nitride (CN) materials in photocatalysis for organic synthesis requires the appropriate fine-tuning of the CN structure. Here, we present a deep investigation of the structure/activity relationship of CN in the photocatalytic perfluoroalkylation of organic compounds. Four types of CN bearing subtle structural differences were studied via conventional characterization techniques and innovative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, correlating the different structures with the fundamental mechanistic nexus and especially highlighting the importance of the halogen bond strength between the reagent and the catalyst surface. The optimum catalyst exhibited an excellent performance, with a very wide reaction scope, and could prominently trigger the model reaction using natural sunlight. The work lays a platform for establishing a new approach in the development of heterogeneous photocatalysts for organic synthesis related to medical, agricultural, and material chemistry.

Temperature-controlled morphology evolution of graphitic carbon nitride nanostructures and their photocatalytic activities under visible light

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (61) ◽  
pp. 49317-49325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Gu ◽  
Ziwei Gao ◽  
Hongan Zhao ◽  
Zaizhu Lou ◽  
Yusen Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Graphitic Carbon Nitride ◽  
Morphology Evolution ◽  
Simple Strategy ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities ◽  
Controlled Morphology ◽  
Temperature Controlled ◽  
Relationship Of

This work provides a simple strategy for exfoliating bulk g-C3N4 and offers in-depth understanding on structure–activity relationship of g-C3N4.

Antimicrobial Activity of Kaurane Diterpenes against Oral Pathogens

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio R. Ambrosio ◽  
Niege A. J. C. Furtado ◽  
Dionéia C. R. de Oliveira ◽  
Fernando B. da Costa ◽  
Carlos H. G. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Methyl Ester Derivative ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Oral Pathogens ◽  
Relationship Of

Two kaurane diterpenes, ent-kaur-16(17)-en-19-oic acid (KA) and 15-β-isovaleryloxy-entkaur- 16(17)-en-19-oic acid (KA-Ival), isolated from Aspilia foliacea, and the methyl ester derivative of KA (KA-Me) were evaluated against oral pathogens. KA was the most active compound, with MIC values of 10 μg mL-1 against the following microorganisms: Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Lactobacillus casei. However, KA did not show significant activity against Streptococcus salivarius and Enterococcus faecalis, with MIC values equal to 100 and 200 μg mL-1, respectively. Our results show that KA has potential to be used as a prototype for the discovery of new effective anti-infection agents against microorganisms responsible for caries and periodontal diseases. Moreover, these results allow to conclude that minor structural differences among these diterpenes significantly influence their antimicrobial activity, bringing new perspectives to studies on the structure-activity relationship of this type of metabolites with respect to caries and periodontal diseases.

Zwitterionic Metal-Enolate or Equivalent: Generation and Capture

Synlett ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linhong Zuo ◽  
Wusheng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Enantioselective Synthesis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Material Chemistry

Functionalized ketones and their derivatives are very important building blocks in organic synthesis and material chemistry. The development of novel methodology for the chemo-, regio-, diastereo-, stereo- and enantioselective synthesis of functionalized ketones and their derivatives is the continuous endeavor of organic chemists. Herein we highlight the new approach that was recently initiated and developed by our group for the synthesis of (enantioenriched) ketones and related derivatives based on zwitterionic metal-enolate (ZME) chemistry.

Structure-activity relationship of (-) mammea A/BB derivatives against Leishmania amazonensis

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Brenzan ◽  
CV Nakamura ◽  
BPD Filho ◽  
T Ueda-Nakamura ◽  
MCM Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Leishmania Amazonensis ◽  
Activity Relationship ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Relationship Of

Colonialism and the Highland Clearances

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain Mackinnon
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Indigenous Research ◽  
Internal Colonialism ◽  
New Approach ◽  
A Site ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Imperial State ◽  
Late Modern

This article employs a new approach to studying internal colonialism in northern Scotland during the 18th and 19th centuries. A common approach to examining internal colonial situations within modern state territories is to compare characteristics of the internal colonial situation with attested attributes of external colonial relations. Although this article does not reject the comparative approach, it seeks to avoid criticisms that this approach can be misleading by demonstrating that promoters and managers of projects involving land use change, territorial dispossession and industrial development in the late modern Gàidhealtachd consistently conceived of their work as projects of colonization. It further argues that the new social, cultural and political structures these projects imposed on the area's indigenous population correspond to those found in other colonial situations, and that racist and racialist attitudes towards Gaels of the time are typical of those in colonial situations during the period. The article concludes that the late modern Gàidhealtachd has been a site of internal colonization where the relationship of domination between colonizer and colonized is complex, longstanding and occurring within the imperial state. In doing so it demonstrates that the history and present of the Gaels of Scotland belongs within the ambit of an emerging indigenous research paradigm.

Enantioselective Michael Addition of Malonates to Enones

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 746-773
Author(s):  
Péter Bakó ◽  
Tamás Nemcsok ◽  
Zsolt Rapi ◽  
György Keglevich
Keyword(s):  
Michael Addition ◽  
Activity Relationship ◽  
Chalcone Derivatives ◽  
Michael Additions ◽  
Michael Reactions ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Cyclic Enones ◽  
Michael Acceptors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Enantioselective Catalysts

: Many catalysts were tested in asymmetric Michael additions in order to synthesize enantioenriched products. One of the most common reaction types among the Michael reactions is the conjugated addition of malonates to enones making it possible to investigate the structure–activity relationship of the catalysts. The most commonly used Michael acceptors are chalcone, substituted chalcones, chalcone derivatives, cyclic enones, while typical donors may be dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, diisopropyl, dibutyl, di-tert-butyl and dibenzyl malonates. This review summarizes the most important enantioselective catalysts applied in these types of reactions.

Antineoplastic Activity, Structural Modification, Synthesis and Structure-activity Relationship of Dammarane-type Ginsenosides: An Overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Xude Wang ◽  
Liyan Lv ◽  
Guangyue Su ◽  
Yuqing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Structural Modification ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Activity Relationship ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Structural Association ◽  
Relationship Of

Dammarane-type ginsenosides are a class of tetracyclic triterpenoids with the same dammarane skeleton. These compounds have a wide range of pharmaceutical applications for neoplasms, diabetes mellitus and other metabolic syndromes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, aging, neurodegenerative disease, bone disease, liver disease, kidney disease, gastrointestinal disease and other conditions. In order to develop new antineoplastic drugs, it is necessary to improve the bioactivity, solubility and bioavailability, and illuminate the mechanism of action of these compounds. A large number of ginsenosides and their derivatives have been separated from certain herbs or synthesized, and tested in various experiments, such as anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and cancer-involved signaling pathways. In this review, we have summarized the progress in structural modification, shed light on the structure-activity relationship (SAR), and offered insights into biosynthesis-structural association. This review is expected to provide a preliminary guide for the modification and synthesis of ginsenosides.

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