scholarly journals Long-term (1990–2019) monitoring of forest cover changes in the humid tropics

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. eabe1603
Author(s):  
C. Vancutsem ◽  
F. Achard ◽  
J.-F. Pekel ◽  
G. Vieilledent ◽  
S. Carboni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Forest Disturbances ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
Global Carbon

Accurate characterization of tropical moist forest changes is needed to support conservation policies and to quantify their contribution to global carbon fluxes more effectively. We document, at pantropical scale, the extent and changes (degradation, deforestation, and recovery) of these forests over the past three decades. We estimate that 17% of tropical moist forests have disappeared since 1990 with a remaining area of 1071 million hectares in 2019, from which 10% are degraded. Our study underlines the importance of the degradation process in these ecosystems, in particular, as a precursor of deforestation, and in the recent increase in tropical moist forest disturbances (natural and anthropogenic degradation or deforestation). Without a reduction of the present disturbance rates, undisturbed forests will disappear entirely in large tropical humid regions by 2050. Our study suggests that reinforcing actions are needed to prevent the initial degradation that leads to forest clearance in 45% of the cases.

scholarly journals Long-term (1990-2019) monitoring of tropical moist forests dynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Vancutsem ◽  
F. Achard ◽  
J.-F. Pekel ◽  
G. Vieilledent ◽  
S. Carboni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fluxes ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Forest Disturbances ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Recent Increase ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
Forest Clearance ◽  
Global Carbon

ABSTRACTAccurate characterization of the tropical moist forests changes is needed to support conservation policies and to better quantify their contribution to global carbon fluxes. We document - at pantropical scale - the extent of these forests and their changes (degradation, deforestation and recovery) over the last three decades. We estimate that 17% of the tropical moist forests have disappeared since 1990 with a remaining area of 1060 million ha in 2019, from which 8.5% are degraded. Our study underlines the importance of the degradation process in such ecosystems, in particular as precursor of deforestation and in the recent increase of the tropical moist forest disturbances. Without reduction of the present disturbance rates, undisturbed forests will disappear entirely in large tropical humid regions by 2050. Our study suggests reinforcing actions to prevent the first disturbance scar that leads to forest clearance in 45% of the cases.

Assessment and monitoring of long-term forest cover changes in Odisha, India using remote sensing and GIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 185 (5) ◽  
pp. 4399-4415 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Sudhakar Reddy ◽  
C. S. Jha ◽  
V. K. Dadhwal
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Forest Cover Changes

scholarly journals Contrasting Trends of Forest Coverage between the Inland and Coastal Urban Groups of China over the Past Decades

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingsong Zhu ◽  
Jiaxin Jin ◽  
Pengxiang Wang ◽  
Yingying Ji ◽  
Yuanyuan Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
Fast Process ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forest Coverage ◽  
Forest Cover Changes ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

China is building forest urban groups through reforestation and afforestation. However, the fast process of urbanization inevitably conflicts with multiple vegetated areas around cities. Hence, it is critical to evaluate the changes in regional vegetation cover and its spatial pattern due to complex natural and anthropogenic factors. Nevertheless, systematic studies to quantify and compare the development of forest urban agglomerations were rarely reported. Based on a remote sensing landcover dataset from 1992 to 2015, this study investigated forest cover changes and the impacts on landscape pattern in several urban groups, and tried to explore their differences between the inland and coastal regions of China. The results showed that over the past 24 years, the forest coverage in the coastal urban agglomerations declined (103 km2/year) while it increased (26 km2/year) in the inland urban agglomerations. There was a certain conflict between forest and cropland for the coastal urban agglomerations where the forest area converted to cropland accounted for 61.9% of the total forest loss. The increase in forests coverage in inland urban agglomerations mainly came from grassland which nearly accounted for 66.47% of the total increase. The landscape diversity has also changed in areas where forests have changed significantly (e.g., Shanghai, Changzhi, and Jincheng).

scholarly journals Scaling property of ideal granitic sequences

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Xu ◽  
Q. Cheng ◽  
F. Agterberg
Keyword(s):  
Lake Area ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Invariance Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ideal Granite ◽  
Markov Properties ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract. Quantification of granite textures and structures using a mathematical model for characterization of granites has been a long-term attempt of mathematical geologists over the past four decades. It is usually difficult to determine the influence of magma properties on mineral crystallization forming fined-grained granites due to its irregular and fine-grained textures. The ideal granite model was originally developed for modeling mineral sequences from first and second-order Markov properties. This paper proposes a new model for quantifying scale invariance properties of mineral clusters and voids observed within mineral sequences. Sequences of the minerals plagioclase, quartz and orthoclase observed under the microscope for 104 aplite samples collected from the Meech Lake area, Gatineau Park, Québec were used for validation of the model. The results show that the multi-scale approaches proposed in this paper may enable quantification of the nature of the randomness of mineral grain distributions. This, in turn, may be related to original properties of the magma.

scholarly journals Assessment and monitoring of long-term forest cover changes (1920–2013) in Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
C SUDHAKAR REDDY ◽  
C S JHA ◽  
V K DADHWAL
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring ◽  
Forest Cover Changes

Improvements in XCO2 accuracy from OCO-2 with the latest ACOS v10 product

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher ODell ◽  
Annmarie Eldering ◽  
Michael Gunson ◽  
David Crisp ◽  
Brendan Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Surface Fluxes ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tropical Oceans ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Global Carbon

<p>While initial plans for measuring carbon dioxide from space hoped for 1-2 ppm levels of accuracy (bias) and precision in the CO<sub>2</sub> column mean dry air mole fraction (XCO<sub>2</sub>), in the past few years it has become clear that accuracies better than 0.5 ppm are required for most current science applications.  These include measuring continental (1000+ km) and regional scale (100s of km) surface fluxes of CO<sub>2</sub> at monthly-average timescales.  Considering the 400+ ppm background, this translates to an accuracy of roughly 0.1%, an incredibly challenging target to hit. </p><p>Improvements in both instrument calibration and retrieval algorithms have led to significant improvements in satellite XCO<sub>2</sub> accuracies over the past decade.  The Atmospheric Carbon Observations from Space (ACOS) retrieval algorithm, including post-retrieval filtering and bias correction, has demonstrated unprecedented accuracy with our latest algorithm version as applied to the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite sensor.   This presentation will discuss the performance of the v10 XCO<sub>2</sub> product by comparisons to TCCON and models, and showcase its performance with some recent examples, from the potential to infer large-scale fluxes to its performance on individual power plants.  The v10 product yields better agreement with TCCON over land and ocean, plus reduced biases over tropical oceans and desert areas as compared to a median of multiple global carbon inversion models, allowing better accuracy and faith in inferred regional-scale fluxes.  More specifically, OCO-2 has single sounding precision of ~0.8 ppm over land and ~0.5 ppm over water, and RMS biases of 0.5-0.7 ppm over both land and water.  Given the six-year and growing length of the OCO-2 data record, this also enables new studies on carbon interannual variability, while at the same time allowing identification of more subtle and temporally-dependent errors.  Finally, we will discuss the prospects of future improvements in the next planned version (v11), and the long-term prospects of greenhouse gas retrievals in the coming years. </p><p> </p>

Forest history and the Great Divergence: China, Japan, and the West compared

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Saito
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Great Divergence ◽  
East West

AbstractThis article surveys changing interrelationships between humans and the earth's forest cover over the past few centuries. The focus is on the interplay between population increase, deforestation, and afforestation at both ends of Eurasia. Through the consideration of long-term changes in population and woodland area, Japan is compared with Lingnan in south China, and the East Asians with two European countries, England and France. Based on East–West comparisons and also on somewhat more detailed intra-Asian comparisons with respect to market linkages and the role of the state, the article examines the proposition made by Kenneth Pomeranz that, although both ends of Eurasia were ecologically constrained at the end of the early modern period, East Asia's pressure on forest resources was ‘probably not much worse’ than that in the West.

scholarly journals Propagation of Adult SSCs: From Mouse to Human

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Martin ◽  
Marco Seandel
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Inherited Disorders ◽  
The Past ◽  
Unique Cell

Adult spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) represent a distinctive source of stem cells in mammals for several reasons. First, by giving rise to spermatogenesis, SSCs are responsible for the propagation of a father’s genetic material. As such, autologous SSCs have been considered for treatment of infertility and other purposes, including correction of inherited disorders. Second, adult spermatogonia can spontaneously produce embryonic-like stem cellsin vitro, which could be used as an alternative for therapeutic, diagnostic, or drug discovery strategies for humans. Therefore, an increasing urgency is driving efforts to understand the biology of SSCs and improve techniques to manipulate themin vitroas a prerequisite to achieve the aforementioned goals. The characterization of adult SSCs also requires reproducible methods to isolate and maintain them in long-term culture. Herein, we describe recent major advances and challenges in propagation of adult SSCs from mice and humans during the past few years, including the use of unique cell surface markers and defined cultured conditions.

scholarly journals Long-term forest cover changes, within an agricultural region, in relation to environmental variables, Lubelskie province, Eastern Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Zgłobicki ◽  
Leszek Gawrysiak ◽  
Bogusława Baran-Zgłobicka ◽  
Małgorzata Telecka
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Agricultural Region ◽  
Forest Cover Changes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document