scholarly journals Genomic evidence for the Chinese mountain cat as a wildcat conspecific (Felis silvestris bieti) and its introgression to domestic cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (26) ◽  
pp. eabg0221
Author(s):  
He Yu ◽  
Yue-Ting Xing ◽  
Hao Meng ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Wen-Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Genetic Integrity ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Felis Silvestris ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Contemporary Gene Flow ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau endemic Chinese mountain cat has a controversial taxonomic status, whether it is a true species or a wildcat (Felis silvestris) subspecies and whether it has contributed to cat (F. s. catus) domestication in East Asia. Here, we sampled F. silvestris lineages across China and sequenced 51 nuclear genomes, 55 mitogenomes, and multilocus regions from 270 modern or museum specimens. Genome-wide analyses classified the Chinese mountain cat as a wildcat conspecific F. s. bieti, which was not involved in cat domestication of China, thus supporting a single domestication origin arising from the African wildcat (F. s. lybica). A complex hybridization scenario including ancient introgression from the Asiatic wildcat (F. s. ornata) to F. s. bieti, and contemporary gene flow between F. s. bieti and sympatric domestic cats that are likely recent Plateau arrivals, raises the prospect of disrupted wildcat genetic integrity, an issue with profound conservation implications.

scholarly journals Genomic Evidence for the Chinese Mountain Cat as a Wildcat Conspecific (Felis silvestris bieti) and Its Introgression to Domestic Cats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Yu ◽  
Yue-Ting Xing ◽  
Hao Meng ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Wen-Jing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Felis Silvestris ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Contemporary Gene Flow ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Wild Cats ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

AbstractThe enigmatic Chinese mountain cat, endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, has a controversial taxonomic status, whether a true species or conspecific with the wildcat (Felis silvestris) and whether it may have contributed to the domestication of cats (F. s. catus) in Asia. Here, we sampled 270 domestic and wild cats across China, sequenced 51 nuclear genomes, 55 mitogenomes, and multi-locus regions from modern and museum specimens. Genome-wide phylogenies supported taxonomic classification of the Chinese mountain cat as wildcat subspecies, F. s. bieti. No involvement of F. s. bieti in cat domestication in East Asia was detected, confirming that domestic cats shared a single origin from the African wildcat (F. s. lybica). A complex hybridization scenario including ancient introgression from the Asiatic wildcat (F. s. ornata) to F. s. bieti, and contemporary gene flow between F. s. bieti and sympatric domestic cats in the Tibetan region, raises the prospect of disrupting the genetic integrity of F. s. bieti, an issue with profound conservation implications.

Lentzea tibetensis sp. nov., a novel Actinobacterium with antimicrobial activity isolated from soil of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Huang ◽  
Ying Huang
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Pr China ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

A novel filamentous Actinobacterium, designated strain FXJ1.1311T, was isolated from soil collected in Ngari (Ali) Prefecture, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, western PR China. The strain showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Fusarium oxysporum. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain FXJ1.1311T belonged to the genus Lentzea and showed the highest sequence similarity to Lentzea guizhouensis DHS C013T (98.04%). Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics supported its assignment to the genus Lentzea . The genome-wide average nucleotide identity between strain FXJ1.1311T and L. guizhouensis DHS C013T as well as other Lentzea type strains was <82.2 %. Strain FXJ1.1311T also formed a monophyletic line distinct from the known Lentzea species in the phylogenomic tree. In addition, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics allowed phenotypic differentiation of the novel strain from L. guizhouensis . Based on the evidence presented here, strain FXJ1.1311T represents a novel species of the genus Lentzea , for which the name Lentzea tibetensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FXJ1.1311T (=CGMCC 4.7383T=DSM 104975T).

Preserving genetic integrity in a hybridising world: are European Wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris) in eastern France distinct from sympatric feral domestic cats?

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2351-2360 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O’Brien ◽  
Sébastien Devillard ◽  
Ludovic Say ◽  
Hadrien Vanthomme ◽  
Francois Léger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Integrity ◽  
Felis Silvestris ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Felis Silvestris Silvestris

scholarly journals Comparative Genomics Reveals Evolution of a Beak Morphology Locus in a High-Altitude Songbird

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 2983-2988
Author(s):  
Yalin Cheng ◽  
Matthew J Miller ◽  
Dezhi Zhang ◽  
Gang Song ◽  
Chenxi Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Altitudinal Distribution ◽  
Term Selection ◽  
Cavity Nesting ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Nesting Habits ◽  
Beak Length ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Abstract The Ground Tit (Pseudopodoces humilis) has lived on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for ∼5.7 My and has the highest altitudinal distribution among all parids. This species has evolved an elongated beak in response to long-term selection imposed by ground-foraging and cavity-nesting habits, yet the genetic basis for beak elongation remains unknown. Here, we perform genome-wide analyses across 14 parid species and identify 25 highly divergent genomic regions that are significantly associated with beak length, finding seven candidate genes involved in bone morphogenesis and remolding. Neutrality tests indicate that a model allowing for a selective sweep in the highly conserved COL27A1 gene best explains variation in beak length. We also identify two nonsynonymous fixed mutations in the collagen domain that are predicted to be functionally deleterious yet may have facilitated beak elongation. Our study provides evidence of adaptive alleles in COL27A1 with major effects on beak elongation of Ps. humilis.

scholarly journals Toward a genome-wide approach for detecting hybrids: informative SNPs to detect introgression between domestic cats and European wildcats (Felis silvestris)

Heredity ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Oliveira ◽  
E Randi ◽  
F Mattucci ◽  
J D Kurushima ◽  
L A Lyons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Felis Silvestris ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Informative Snps ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

scholarly journals Natural selection and intrinsic barriers play important roles in speciation of two closely related Populus (Salicaceae) species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Tian ◽  
Shuyu Liu ◽  
Pär Ingvarsson ◽  
Dandan Zhao ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Divergence ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Despite the growing number of recent studies on genome-wide divergence during speciation, the genetic basis and mechanisms of genomic divergence are still incompletely understood. In most species, natural selection plays a key role in heterogeneous genomic divergence. Additionally, intrinsic barriers, such as chromosomal rearrangements or gene incompatibilities, can also cause genomic heterogeneity. Based on whole genome re-sequencing data from 27 Populus alba and 28 P. adenopoda individuals, we explored the reasons for heterogeneous genomic divergence of these two closely related species. The results showed that the two species diverged ~5-10 million years ago (Mya), when the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau reached a certain height and the inland climate of the Asian continent became arid, which is associated with the fact that the two species begin to diverge and eventually led to speciation. In highly differentiated regions, the absolute divergence (dxy) was significantly higher than genomic background, and relative and absolute divergence were highly correlated, which indicates that intrinsic barriers played an important role in maintaining genomic heterogeneous divergence. Additionally, θπ and shared polymorphisms decreased while fixed differences increased in highly differentiated regions, which are characteristics of natural selection. The above description indicates that the combination of intrinsic barriers and natural selection result in heterogeneous genomic divergence and reproductive isolation. We further found some genes that are related to reproduction may be involved in explaining the reproductive isolation of the two species.

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