scholarly journals A Population of Fast Radio Bursts at Cosmological Distances

Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 341 (6141) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Thornton ◽  
B. Stappers ◽  
M. Bailes ◽  
B. Barsdell ◽  
S. Bates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Radio Bursts ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Fast Transients ◽  
Radio Transients ◽  
The Universe

Searches for transient astrophysical sources often reveal unexpected classes of objects that are useful physical laboratories. In a recent survey for pulsars and fast transients, we have uncovered four millisecond-duration radio transients all more than 40° from the Galactic plane. The bursts’ properties indicate that they are of celestial rather than terrestrial origin. Host galaxy and intergalactic medium models suggest that they have cosmological redshifts of 0.5 to 1 and distances of up to 3 gigaparsecs. No temporally coincident x- or gamma-ray signature was identified in association with the bursts. Characterization of the source population and identification of host galaxies offers an opportunity to determine the baryonic content of the universe.

scholarly journals First Prompt Optical Observations of Nearest Fast Radio Burst new New Astromomical Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Lipunov ◽  
V. Kornilov ◽  
E. Gorbovskoy ◽  
Kirill Zhirkov ◽  
Aristarkh Chasovnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Burst ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Method ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Radio Range ◽  
Fast Transients ◽  
Fast Radio Burst ◽  
The Universe

Abstract With the discovery of gamma ray bursts1,2, it became clear that our Universe flickers with superfast catastrophic events, sometimes lasting for a thousandths of a second. These ultra-fast transients - the peculiar one-day butterflies of the Universe - shine so brightly that they are noticed even on the other end of the Universe and, moreover, by very small telescopes. But in the radio range, the sky remained silent until the beginning of the 21st century. Only in 2007, radio astronomers analyzing archival observations of the Parkes Radio Telescope first encountered fast transients 3,4 . About a hundred such sources have already been discovered. We report the first optical observation of the closest radio burster FRB 180916.J0158+655-8 synchronously with a radio burst. In total, we obtained about 155,093 images at MASTER Global Robotic Net9*. In the course of our observations, we found a new method for detecting objects deep below the noise level. In addition, using the new method, we found the excess of photons in the FRB direction at a level of 23 m associated with the emission of the host galaxy.

scholarly journals Charting the Transient Radio Sky on Sub-Second Time-Scales with LOFAR

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S285) ◽  
pp. 104-104
Author(s):  
J. W. T. Hessels ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Radio Bursts ◽  
Radio Telescopes ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Transient Sources ◽  
Fast Transients ◽  
Radio Transients ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Rotating Radio Transients

SummaryThe LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) is a radio interferometric telescope that promises to open a largely unexplored window on transient sources in the “radio sky”, from time-scales of nanoseconds to years. An important aspect of this will be the study of radio-emitting neutron stars in their various incarnations: slow pulsars, young pulsars, millisecond pulsars, magnetars, rotating radio transients, intermittent pulsars, et cetera. Pulsars and their brethren are the prototype of the more general “fast transients”: sub-second, dispersed radio bursts which point the way to extreme, and potentially still unknown, phenomena. For instance, prompt radio bursts from supernovæ and other extra-galactic bursts have been hypothesized; these could prove to be powerful cosmological probes.This talk discussed LOFAR's impressive ability to observe pulsars and to enlarge greatly the discovery space for (even rarer) fast transients. It also presented the latest pulsar observations made during LOFAR's commissioning period. These are demonstrating powerful observing techniques that will be crucial for the next generation of radio telescopes as well as the effort to increase our understanding of the dynamic nature of the Universe.An expanded version of the talk can be found at http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011A

scholarly journals Constraining a neutron star merger origin for localized fast radio bursts

2020 ◽  
Vol 497 (3) ◽  
pp. 3131-3141
Author(s):  
K Gourdji ◽  
A Rowlinson ◽  
R A M J Wijers ◽  
A Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Star ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Electromagnetic Emission ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Radio Bursts ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Emission Models ◽  
Rule Out

ABSTRACT What the progenitors of fast radio bursts (FRBs) are, and whether there are multiple types of progenitors are open questions. The advent of localized FRBs with host galaxy redshifts allows the various emission models to be directly tested for the first time. Given the recent localizations of two non-repeating FRBs (FRB 180924 and FRB 190523), we discuss a selection of FRB emission models and demonstrate how we can place constraints on key model parameters such as e magnetic field strength and age of the putative FRB-emitting neutron star. In particular, we focus on models related to compact binary merger events involving at least one neutron star, motivated by commonalities between the host galaxies of the FRBs and the hosts of such merger events/short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs). We rule out the possibility that either FRB was produced during the final inspiral stage of a merging binary system. Where possible, we predict the light curve of electromagnetic emission associated with a given model and use it to recommend multiwavelength follow-up strategies that may help confirm or rule out models for future FRBs. In addition, we conduct a targeted sub-threshold search in Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor data for potential SGRB candidates associated with either FRB, and show what a non-detection means for relevant models. The methodology presented in this study may be easily applied to future localized FRBs, and adapted to sources with possibly core-collapse supernova progenitors, to help constrain potential models for the FRB population at large.

scholarly journals Probing the Universe with Fast Radio Bursts

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Shivani Bhandari ◽  
Chris Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Parameter ◽  
Hubble Constant ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Dispersion Measure ◽  
Radio Bursts ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Large Samples ◽  
First Results ◽  
Dispersion Measures ◽  
The Universe

Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) represent a novel tool for probing the properties of the universe at cosmological distances. The dispersion measures of FRBs, combined with the redshifts of their host galaxies, has very recently yielded a direct measurement of the baryon content of the universe, and has the potential to directly constrain the location of the “missing baryons”. The first results are consistent with the expectations of ΛCDM for the cosmic density of baryons, and have provided the first constraints on the properties of the very diffuse intergalactic medium (IGM) and circumgalactic medium (CGM) around galaxies. FRBs are the only known extragalactic sources that are compact enough to exhibit diffractive scintillation in addition to showing exponential tails which are typical of scattering in turbulent media. This will allow us to probe the turbulent properties of the circumburst medium, the host galaxy ISM/halo, and intervening halos along the path, as well as the IGM. Measurement of the Hubble constant and the dark energy parameter w can be made with FRBs, but require very large samples of localised FRBs (>103) to be effective on their own—they are best combined with other independent surveys to improve the constraints. Ionisation events, such as for He ii, leave a signature in the dispersion measure—redshift relation, and if FRBs exist prior to these times, they can be used to probe the reionisation era, although more than 103 localised FRBs are required.

Ionized gas kinematics and luminosity profiles of Low-z Lyman Alpha Blobs

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S359) ◽  
pp. 413-414
Author(s):  
María P. Agüero ◽  
Rubén Díaz ◽  
Mischa Schirmer
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Ionized Gas ◽  
Lyman Alpha ◽  
Gas Kinematics ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Very High ◽  
The Continuum

AbstractThis work is focused on the characterization of the Seyfert-2 galaxies hosting very large, ultra-luminous narrow-line regions (NLRs) at redshifts z = 0.2−0.34. With a space density of 4.4 Gcp−3 at z ∼ 0.3, these “Low Redshift Lyman-α Blob” (LAB) host galaxies are amongst the rarest objects in the universe, and represent an exceptional and short-lived phenomenon in the life cycle of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We present the study of GMOS spectra for 13 LAB galaxies covering the rest frame spectral range 3700–6700 Å. Predominantly, the [OIII]λ5007 emission line radial distribution is as widespread as that of the continuum one. The emission line profiles exhibit FWHM between 300–700 Km s−1. In 7 of 13 cases a broad kinematical component is detected with FWHM within the range 600–1100 Km s−1. The exceptionally high [OIII]λ5007 luminosity is responsible for very high equivalent width reaching 1500 Å at the nucleus.

scholarly journals Statistical Properties of Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S292) ◽  
pp. 190-190
Author(s):  
J. M. Chen ◽  
L. W. Jia ◽  
E. W. Liang
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Gamma Ray Burst ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Hydrogen Column Density ◽  
Linear Fit

AbstractGRBs are the most luminous events in the Universe. They are detectable from local to high-z universe and may serve as probes for high-z galaxies (e.g., Savaglio et al. 2009; Kewley & Dopita 2002). We compile the observations for 61 GRB host galaxies from literature. Their redshifts range from 0.0085 to 6.295. We present the statistical properties of the GRB host galaxies, including the stellar mass (M*), star-forming rate (SFR), metallicity (Z), extinction (AV), and neutral hydrogen column density (NH). We explore possible correlations among the properties of gamma-ray burst host galaxies and their cosmic evolution with observations of 61 GRB host galaxies. Our results are shown in Figure 1. A clear Z-M* relation is found in our sample, which is Z ~ M0.4. The host galaxies of local GRBs with detection of accompanied supernovae also share the same relation with high-z GRB host galaxies. A trend that a more massive host galaxy tends to have a higher star-formation rate is found. The best linear fit gives a tentative relation, i.e, SFR ~ M0.75. No any correlation is found between AV and NH. A GRB host galaxy at a higher redshift also tends to have a higher SFR. Even in the same redshift, the SFR may vary over three orders of magnitude. The metallicity of the GRB host galaxies is statistically higher than that of the QSO DLAs. The full version of our results please refer to Chen et al. (2012).

scholarly journals Constraints on the circumburst environments of short gamma-ray bursts

2020 ◽  
Vol 495 (4) ◽  
pp. 4782-4799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan O’Connor ◽  
Paz Beniamini ◽  
Chryssa Kouveliotou
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Galactic Halo ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Binary Neutron Star ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Short Grbs

ABSTRACT Observational follow up of well localized short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) has left $20\!-\!30{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the population without a coincident host galaxy association to deep optical and NIR limits (≳26 mag). These SGRBs have been classified as observationally hostless due to their lack of strong host associations. It has been argued that these hostless SGRBs could be an indication of the large distances traversed by the binary neutron star system (due to natal kicks) between its formation and its merger (leading to an SGRB). The distances of GRBs from their host galaxies can be indirectly probed by the surrounding circumburst densities. We show that a lower limit on those densities can be obtained from early afterglow light curves. We find that ${\lesssim}16{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of short GRBs in our sample took place at densities ≲10−4 cm−3. These densities represent the expected range of values at distances greater than the host galaxy’s virial radii. We find that out of the five SGRBs in our sample that have been found to be observationally hostless, none are consistent with having occurred beyond the virial radius of their birth galaxies. This implies one of two scenarios. Either these observationally hostless SGRBs occurred outside of the half-light radius of their host galaxy, but well within the galactic halo, or in host galaxies at moderate to high redshifts (z ≳ 2) that were missed by follow-up observations.

scholarly journals Optical spectral characterization of the TeV extreme blazar 2WHSP J073326.7+515354

2020 ◽  
Vol 494 (4) ◽  
pp. 6036-6042
Author(s):  
J Becerra González ◽  
J A Acosta-Pulido ◽  
R Clavero
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Absolute Magnitude ◽  
Brightness Distribution ◽  
Host Galaxy ◽  
Mass Relation ◽  
Relativistic Jets

ABSTRACT The emission from the relativistic jets in blazars usually outshines their host galaxies, challenging the determination of their distances and the characterization of the stellar population. The situation becomes more favourable in the case of the extreme blazars (EHBLs), for which the bulk of the emission of the relativistic jets is emitted at higher energies, unveiling the optical emission from the host galaxy. The distance determination is fundamental for the study of the intrinsic characteristics of the blazars, especially to estimate the intrinsic gamma-ray spectra distorted due to the interaction with the extragalactic background light. In this work, we report on the properties of 2WHSP J073326.7+515354 host galaxy in the optical band, which is one of the few EHBLs detected at TeV energies. We present the first measurement of the distance of the source, z = 0.065 04 ± 0.000 02 (velocity dispersion $\sigma =237 \pm 9\, \mathrm{km s^{-1}}$). We also perform a detailed study of the stellar population of its host galaxy. We find that the mass-weighted mean stellar age is $11.72\pm 0.06\, \mathrm{Gyr}$ and the mean metallicity [M/H] = 0.159 ± 0.016. In addition, a morphological study of the host galaxy is also carried out. The surface brightness distribution is modelled by a composition of a dominant classical bulge (Re = 3.77 ± 1 arcsec or equivalently 4.74 kpc) plus an unresolved source which corresponds to the active nucleus. The black hole mass is estimated using both the mass relation with the velocity dispersion and the absolute magnitude from the bulge yielding comparable results: $(4.8\pm 0.9)\times 10^8$ and $(3.7\pm 1.0)\times 10^8\, \mathrm{ M}_{\odot }$, respectively.

scholarly journals AGN Evolution from Large and Deep X-Ray Surveys

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S267) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
Marcella Brusa
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Star Formation ◽  
Observational Cosmology ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Feedback Effects ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Sizable Number

AbstractOver the last few years, the existence of mutual feedback effects between accreting supermassive black holes powering AGN and star formation in their host galaxies has become evident. This means that the formation and the evolution of AGN and galaxies should be considered as one and the same problem. As a consequence, the search for, and the characterization of the evolutionary and physical properties of AGN over a large redshift interval is a key topic of present research in the field of observational cosmology. Significant advances have been obtained in the last ten years thanks to the sizable number of XMM–Newton and Chandra surveys, complemented by multiwavelength follow-up programs. I will present some of the recent results and the ongoing efforts (mostly from the COSMOS and CDFS surveys) aimed at obtaining a complete census of accreting black holes in the universe, and a characterization of the properties of the host galaxies.

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