Induced Systemic Hypersensitivity: Selye's Theory: The nature of the local mechanism of calcification is one of the most important unsolved problems of biochemistry

Science ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 137 (3524) ◽  
pp. 120-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Urist
Keyword(s):  
Local Mechanism ◽  
Systemic Hypersensitivity

When fever is more than infection: two cases of vancomycin-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e238006
Author(s):  
Mitchell Cox ◽  
Sophie Paviour ◽  
Sophie Gregory ◽  
Rusheng Chew
Keyword(s):  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Reactivation ◽  
First Case ◽  
Metropolitan Hospital ◽  
Orthopaedic Ward ◽  
Systemic Hypersensitivity ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Intravenous Glucocorticoids

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, but serious systemic hypersensitivity reaction associated with a range of medications. We present two cases of vancomycin-induced DRESS, which occurred simultaneously in the orthopaedic ward in an outer metropolitan hospital. These cases demonstrate the complexity in the diagnosis and management of this inflammatory syndrome on the background of known infection as well as evidence for linezolid as an alternative to vancomycin. The first case was managed conservatively, but developed progressive renal and liver injury along with demonstrated cytomegalovirus reactivation and recurrent colitis, and was eventually palliated. The second was commenced on intravenous glucocorticoids and achieved remission, although had ongoing renal dysfunction at the time of discharge from outpatient follow-up.

Acute Schistosomiasis in Paediatric Travellers and Comparison with Their Companion Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shira Rabinowicz ◽  
Eyal Leshem ◽  
Eli Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Steroid Treatment ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
High Infection Rate ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
High Infection ◽  
Systemic Hypersensitivity

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis in non-immune travellers can cause acute schistosomiasis, a multi-systemic hypersensitivity reaction. Little is known regarding acute schistosomiasis in children. We describe acute schistosomiasis in paediatric travellers and compare them with adult travellers. Methods A retrospective study of paediatric travellers (0–18 years old) diagnosed with schistosomiasis at Sheba Medical Center. Patients’ findings are compared with those of adult travellers from the same travel groups. Results 18 children and 24 adults from five different trips to Tanzania, Uganda, Nigeria and Laos were infected (90% of the exposed travellers). The median bathing time of the infected children was 30 minutes (interquartile range 15–30 minutes). The most common presentations were respiratory symptoms in 13 (72%), eosinophilia in 13 (72%) and fever in 11 (61%). Acute illness included a median of 2.5 symptoms. Three children required hospitalization and three were asymptomatic. Fatigue was significantly less common in children compared with similarly exposed adults (33% vs 71%, p = 0.03). Rates of hospitalization and steroid treatment were similar. The median eosinophil count in children was 1045 cells/μL (interquartile range 625–2575), lower than adults [2900 cells/μL (interquartile range 1170-4584)], p = 0.02. Conclusions Children may develop acute schistosomiasis following a short exposure to contaminated freshwater, demonstrating a high infection rate. Severity seems to be similar to adults, although children report fatigue less commonly and show lower eosinophil counts. Disease should be suspected in children with multi-systemic illness and in asymptomatic children with a relevant travel history.

scholarly journals Out-of-plane local mechanism analysis with finite element method

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Roberto Spagnuolo
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Fem Method ◽  
Local Mechanism ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Smeared Crack ◽  
The Stability ◽  
No Tension Material

Abstract The stability check of masonry structures is a debated problem in Italy that poses serious problems for its extensive use. Indeed, the danger of out of plane collapse of masonry walls, which is one of the more challenging to evaluate, is traditionally addressed not using finite element models (FEM). The power of FEM is not properly used and some simplified method are preferred. In this paper the use of the thrust surface is suggested. This concept allows to to evaluate the eccentricity of the membrane stresses using the FEM method. For this purpose a sophisticated, layered, finite element with a no-tension material is used. To model a no-tension material we used the smeared crack method as it is not mesh-dependent and it is well known since the early ’80 in an ASCE Report [1]. The described element has been implemented by the author in the program Nòlian by Softing.

Phase I Trial of the Proteasome Inhibitor PS-341 in Patients With Refractory Hematologic Malignancies

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 4420-4427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Orlowski ◽  
Thomas E. Stinchcombe ◽  
Beverly S. Mitchell ◽  
Thomas C. Shea ◽  
Albert S. Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteasome Inhibitor ◽  
Proteasome Inhibition ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
20S Proteasome ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mantle Cell ◽  
Heavily Pretreated ◽  
Systemic Hypersensitivity

PURPOSE: To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (previously known as PS-341) in patients with refractory hematologic malignancies.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients received PS-341 twice weekly for 4 weeks at either 0.40, 1.04, 1.20, or 1.38 mg/m2, followed by a 2-week rest. The PD of PS-341 was evaluated by measurement of whole blood 20S proteasome activity.RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients received 293 doses of PS-341, including 24 complete cycles. DLTs at doses above the 1.04-mg/m2MTD attributed to PS-341 included thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, fatigue, and malaise. In three of 10 patients receiving additional therapy, serious reversible adverse events appeared during cycle 2, including one episode of postural hypotension, one systemic hypersensitivity reaction, and grade 4 transaminitis in a patient with hepatitis C and a substantial acetaminophen ingestion. PD studies revealed PS-341 induced 20S proteasome inhibition in a time-dependent manner, and this inhibition was also related to both the dose in milligrams per meter squared, and the absolute dose of PS-341. Among nine fully assessable patients with heavily pretreated plasma cell dyscrasias completing one cycle of therapy, there was one complete response and a reduction in paraprotein levels and/or marrow plasmacytosis in eight others. In addition, one patient with mantle cell lymphoma and another with follicular lymphoma had shrinkage of nodal disease.CONCLUSION: PS-341 was well tolerated at 1.04 mg/m2on this dose-intensive schedule, although patients need to be monitored for electrolyte abnormalities and late toxicities. Additional studies are indicated to determine whether incorporation of dose/body surface area yields a superior PD model to dosing without normalization. PS-341 showed activity against refractory multiple myeloma and possibly non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in this study, and merits further investigation in these populations.

scholarly journals Ontology of a Wavefunction from the Perspective of an Invariant Proper Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Yasmineh
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Special Relativity ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Finite Density ◽  
Confining Potential ◽  
Standard Time ◽  
Related Matter ◽  
Local Mechanism ◽  
Non Local ◽  
The Individual

All the arguments of a wavefunction are defined at the same instant implying a notion of simultaneity. In a somewhat related matter, certain phenomena in quantum mechanics seem to have non-local causal relations. Both concepts are in contradiction with special relativity. We propose to define the wavefunction with respect to the invariant proper time of special relativity instead of standard time. Moreover, we shall adopt the original idea of Schrodinger suggesting that the wavefunction represents an ontological cloud-like object that we shall call ‘individual fabric’ that has a finite density amplitude vanishing at infinity. Consequently, measurement can be assimilated to a confining potential that triggers an inherent non-local mechanism within the individual fabric. It is formalised by multiplying the wavefunction with a localising gaussian as in the GRW theory but in a deterministic manner.

Local Mechanism of Phenyl Ring π-Flips in Glassy Polycarbonate

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1741-1751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duane R. Whitney ◽  
Robert Yaris
Keyword(s):  
Phenyl Ring ◽  
Local Mechanism

scholarly journals Local mechanism of CO2 action of cat pial arterioles.

Stroke ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
H A Kontos ◽  
E P Wei ◽  
A J Raper ◽  
J L Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Local Mechanism ◽  
Pial Arterioles

Anaphylaxis: how to recognise and manage in primary care

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Hannah Kramer ◽  
Rebecca Batt
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Practice Nurse ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Insect Sting ◽  
Vulnerable Patients ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Emergency Medication ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Systemic Hypersensitivity

Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening emergency. Hannah Kramer and Rebecca Batt explain how correct diagnosis, avoidance and patient education are fundamental in reducing risk Anaphylaxis is a serious systemic hypersensitivity reaction that is usually rapid in onset and can cause death. It is an immune-mediated reaction, which typically occurs when a person is exposed to a trigger, for example a food, drug, or insect sting. This article aims to assist with the recognition of symptoms and to guide management of anaphylaxis in primary care. Beyond the acute, the practice nurse can play a key role in helping patients to manage their allergies in the long-term, particularly for those who are most vulnerable. Patients should be supported in understanding how best to avoid their triggers, in managing their emergency medication, and in the importance of good asthma control.

scholarly journals Pyramid Constrained Self-Attention Network for Fast Video Salient Object Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (07) ◽  
pp. 10869-10876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchao Gu ◽  
Lijuan Wang ◽  
Ziqin Wang ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
Ming-Ming Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Detection ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Salient Object Detection ◽  
Object Motion ◽  
Salient Object ◽  
Motion Cues ◽  
Spatiotemporal Information ◽  
Local Mechanism ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Pyramid Structures

Spatiotemporal information is essential for video salient object detection (VSOD) due to the highly attractive object motion for human's attention. Previous VSOD methods usually use Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) or 3D ConvNet (C3D), which can only encode motion information through step-by-step propagation in the temporal domain. Recently, the non-local mechanism is proposed to capture long-range dependencies directly. However, it is not straightforward to apply the non-local mechanism into VSOD, because i) it fails to capture motion cues and tends to learn motion-independent global contexts; ii) its computation and memory costs are prohibitive for video dense prediction tasks such as VSOD. To address the above problems, we design a Constrained Self-Attention (CSA) operation to capture motion cues, based on the prior that objects always move in a continuous trajectory. We group a set of CSA operations in Pyramid structures (PCSA) to capture objects at various scales and speeds. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods in both accuracy and speed (110 FPS on a single Titan Xp) on five challenge datasets. Our code is available at https://github.com/guyuchao/PyramidCSA.

scholarly journals Methods to describe barotropic vortices by global fields and vortex characteristics

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.-G. Früh
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Solid Boundary ◽  
Eof Analysis ◽  
Vortex Identification ◽  
Global Mode ◽  
Local Structures ◽  
Local Mechanism ◽  
Mode 2 ◽  
Identification Technique ◽  
Analyse Time

Abstract. Results from an experimental study of vortices in a rotating shear layer are presented. The data are in the form of maps of the instantaneous horizontal velocity field obtained by a particle tracking technique. Two fundamentally different methods to analyse time series of these velocity fields are presented and compared. One technique is the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, and the other method describes the flow field in terms of a few individual localised vortices. The flows discussed here are time-dependent two-vortex flows, which could either be described as a global mode 2 or as a collection of four unequal vortices. The results show that, while EOF analysis is a very powerful tool to detect fairly regular travelling modes or stationary features, it cannot detect local dynamics. The vortex identification technique is very good at detecting local structures and events but cannot put them into the context of a global flow structure. The comparison of the techniques shows indications that the time-dependence found in the system for low mode numbers could arise from an interaction of the large scale, global-mode flow with a local mechanism of vortex generation and shedding at a solid boundary.

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