scholarly journals The emerging field of mobile health

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (283) ◽  
pp. 283rv3-283rv3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Steinhubl ◽  
Evan D. Muse ◽  
Eric J. Topol
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Health ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Physiological Variability ◽  
Support Tools

The surge in computing power and mobile connectivity have fashioned a foundation for mobile health (mHealth) technologies that can transform the mode and quality of clinical research and health care on a global scale. Unimpeded by geographical boundaries, smartphone-linked wearable sensors, point-of-need diagnostic devices, and medical-grade imaging, all built around real-time data streams and supported by automated clinical decision–support tools, will enable care and enhance our understanding of physiological variability. However, the path to mHealth incorporation into clinical care is fraught with challenges. We currently lack high-quality evidence that supports the adoption of many new technologies and have financial, regulatory, and security hurdles to overcome. Fortunately, sweeping efforts are under way to establish the true capabilities and value of the evolving mHealth field.

scholarly journals ACADEMIA’S ROLE TO DRIVE CHANGE IN THE ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS PROFESSION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Géza Kogler ◽  
Christopher Hovorka
Keyword(s):  
Technology Use ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Program ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Curricular Emphasis

This position paper outlines the important role of academia in shaping the orthotics and prosthetics (O&P) profession and preparing for its future. In the United States, most healthcare professions including O&P are under intense pressure to provide cost effective treatments and quantifiable health outcomes. Pivotal changes are needed in the way O&P services are provided to remain competitive. This will require the integration of new technologies and data driven processes that have the potential to streamline workflows, reduce errors and inform new methods of clinical care and device manufacturing. Academia can lead this change, starting with a restructuring in academic program curricula that will enable the next generation of professionals to cope with multiple demands such as the provision of services for an increasing number of patients by a relatively small workforce of certified practitioners delivering these services at a reduced cost, with the expectation of significant, meaningful, and measurable value. Key curricular changes will require replacing traditional labor-intensive and inefficient fabrication methods with the integration of newer technologies (i.e., digital shape capture, digital modeling/rectification and additive manufacturing). Improving manufacturing efficiencies will allow greater curricular emphasis on clinical training and education – an area that has traditionally been underemphasized. Providing more curricular emphasis on holistic patient care approaches that utilize systematic and evidence-based methods in patient assessment, treatment planning, dosage of O&P technology use, and measurement of patient outcomes is imminent. Strengthening O&P professionals’ clinical decision-making skills and decreasing labor-intensive technical fabrication aspects of the curriculum will be critical in moving toward a digital and technology-centric practice model that will enable future practitioners to adapt and survive. Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/36673/28349 How To Cite: Kogler GF, Hovorka CF. Academia’s role to drive change in the orthotics and prosthetics profession. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. 2021; Volume 4, Issue 2, No.21. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v4i2.36673 Corresponding Author: Géza F. KoglerOrthotics and Prosthetics Unit, Kennesaw State University.E-Mail: [email protected] ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0212-5520

Exploring Personal Healthcare with the Help of Two Large European Framework Programs for Healthcare

2010 ◽  
pp. 918-938
Author(s):  
Harald Reiter ◽  
Joerg Habetha
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
European Research ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Personal Healthcare

Personal healthcare enables prevention and early diagnosis in daily life and is centered on the patient. There is a need for a new personal healthcare paradigm in the treatment of chronic diseases. This will be achieved by new technologies that are currently explored (e.g., in European Research projects such as MyHeart and HeartCycle). These projects develop technologies and application concepts for the (self-)management of chronic diseases in patients’ homes with special emphasis on usability and ease-of-use (e.g., wearable sensors and processing units that can even be integrated into the patient’s clothes). These technologies allow empowering patients, fostering self-management and therefore reducing cost, and improving patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals Model-Informed Precision Dosing: Background, Requirements, Validation, Implementation, and Forward Trajectory of Individualizing Drug Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Darwich ◽  
Thomas M. Polasek ◽  
Jeffrey K. Aronson ◽  
Kayode Ogungbenro ◽  
Daniel F.B. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Drug Regulations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Tools ◽  
Practical Validation

Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) has become synonymous with modern approaches for individualizing drug therapy, in which the characteristics of each patient are considered as opposed to applying a one-size-fits-all alternative. This review provides a brief account of the current knowledge, practices, and opinions on MIPD while defining an achievable vision for MIPD in clinical care based on available evidence. We begin with a historical perspective on variability in dose requirements and then discuss technical aspects of MIPD, including the need for clinical decision support tools, practical validation, and implementation of MIPD in health care. We also discuss novel ways to characterize patient variability beyond the common perceptions of genetic control. Finally, we address current debates on MIPD from the perspectives of the new drug development, health economics, and drug regulations.

scholarly journals Wireless Wearable Electrochemical Sensors: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10Years) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Alves ◽  
Patricia Deroco ◽  
Dagwin Wachholz Junior ◽  
Lourenço Vidotto ◽  
Lauro Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Sensor ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Home Based

The demand for wearable sensors has been grown rapidly over the past few years, mainly those related to monitor health, fitness and their surroundings. Consequently, wearable chemical sensing has become a crucial appliance area for wireless sensors and has proved to be a very challenging and multidisciplinary area. The great advantage of coupling wireless communication to different types of wearable sensors is the enhancement of the sensor’s scope for remote and resource-limited settings with the possibility of obtaining real-time data acquisition and application in different areas like homeland defense, home-based healthcare, and food logistics. Being the electrochemical sensors considered attractive and promising to use in the wireless chemical sensor field, due to its features such as simple structure, the possibility of miniaturization, comfort, simplicity of operation, high sensitivity, fast response, relatively low energy consumption and low manufacturing cost. Furthermore, wearable electrochemical sensors enable obtaining insights into individuals' health status through the noninvasive monitoring of clinically relevant biomarkers in different biofluids without complex sampling, manipulation and treatment steps. In this review, we present the main advances in technologies used in the development of fully integrated wireless wearable electrochemical devices, such as communication protocols, data collection and privacy concerns and power sources. We also discuss in a critical way the main challenges, trends, strategies and new technologies that will drive this research line in the future. Lastly, we highlight the progress in the last few years in healthcare, sports, security and defense, and forensic applications.

Editorial

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Roseveare ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Maker ◽  
Patient Experience ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Early Warning Score ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Medicine Quality

Quality in health care is difficult to measure. Detailed retrospective reviews of patients’ admission records often reveal areas where quality can be improved, but are time consuming and subjective. In our search for simple, reliable and reproducible measures, we end up using surrogate markers; things which we can collect easily, rather true markers of quality in what we achieve. The Society for Acute Medicine quality standards, which have formed the basis of the SAMBA audits over recent years, are no exception to this. The standards stipulate that patients should be assessed using an early warning score on arrival in the AMU, be seen by a clinical decision maker within 4 hours and a consultant within 14 hours, while quality indicators include the proportion of patients being discharged directly from the AMU and 7 day readmission rates. While these can provide a useful benchmark for comparison between units or evidence of improvement over time, they clearly cannot provide a complete picture of the quality of care delivered on the AMU. Timely assessment is important, but undertaking an early warning score does not necessarily mean that an abnormal score was acted upon promptly; rapid review by a ‘clinical decision maker’ is only valuable if an appropriate clinical decision is taken. Consideration for the patient’s experience on the AMU is also a key element in delivering a high quality service. This year’s SAMBA audit included a modified version of the ‘Friends and Family’ questionnaire in an attempt to provide a snapshot of patient experience of acute medical care. The results of this are presented here in the first instalment of the data analysis from SAMBA15. The usual ‘health warnings’ apply to these data – a single day in June is not necessarily representative of the remainder of the year, while not all participating organisations submitted patient experience data, introducing the possibility of selection bias. However some interesting themes emerge, many of which will be familiar to those who have worked (or been patients) on acute medical units. It is encouraging that positive comments outnumbered negative by 3:1, while positive comments about staff attitude were over 40 times more numerous than criticisms, despite recognition of the workload faced by staff on the AMU. Concerns about noise levels and catering were common themes, but the importance of timely assessment and care emerges in both categories; patients clearly appreciate being seen and treated rapidly and are frustrated by delays. Our pursuit of better measures of quality should not lose sight of the importance of measuring, and improving the speed with which we deliver care. The importance of honest feedback is a theme in this month’s ‘viewpoint’ article on ‘bad presentations’ by Ross Fisher; he asks why, when we wouldn’t accept poor quality clinical care, we appear to be so accepting of the poor quality Powerpoint. Apparently it is all our own fault – and of course he’s right. We need to challenge, and be prepared to be critical in our feedback. I am frequently guilty of opening a conference question with ‘I enjoyed your presentation….’, irrespective of the quality of what went before. Ross is an evangelist on this subject, and I am delighted that he has agreed to write a series of articles over coming editions outlining how our presentation practice could improve. How we measure this quality improvement is a challenge for another day.

Success Dimensions of ICTs in Healthcare

2017 ◽  
pp. 221-246
Author(s):  
Pankaj Deep Kaur ◽  
Pallavi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Preventative Care ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Cost Efficient

During the last decades, the call for Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in healthcare has been augmented to endow with healthcare services at a global scale and to trim down medical errors that cost human lives. Enriched with explosive computing and high communicating power, ICTs like Internet, mobile telephony, and other enabled gadgets plays a prominent role in our day-to-day activities. With the potential to provide access to service for patients in difficult-to reach areas and facilitating medical record keeping and information sharing are the main considerations of leveraging ICTs in realm of clinical care. The insurgence of these innovating technologies into healthcare sectors is not only blurring the boundaries for the emergence of other new technologies but also causing a paradigm shift in providing acute and preventative care in public health. The main goal of this chapter is to offer readers an insight into how the emergence of ICTs have transformed healthcare sector by delivering cost-efficient and quality of care to patients.

Success Dimensions of ICTs in Healthcare

2017 ◽  
pp. 149-173
Author(s):  
Pankaj Deep Kaur ◽  
Pallavi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Preventative Care ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Cost Efficient

During the last decades, the call for Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in healthcare has been augmented to endow with healthcare services at a global scale and to trim down medical errors that cost human lives. Enriched with explosive computing and high communicating power, ICTs like Internet, mobile telephony, and other enabled gadgets plays a prominent role in our day-to-day activities. With the potential to provide access to service for patients in difficult-to reach areas and facilitating medical record keeping and information sharing are the main considerations of leveraging ICTs in realm of clinical care. The insurgence of these innovating technologies into healthcare sectors is not only blurring the boundaries for the emergence of other new technologies but also causing a paradigm shift in providing acute and preventative care in public health. The main goal of this chapter is to offer readers an insight into how the emergence of ICTs have transformed healthcare sector by delivering cost-efficient and quality of care to patients.

scholarly journals Optimizing Test Utilization in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory: Tools and Opportunities

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 3321-3323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobbi S. Pritt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Widespread Availability ◽  
Limited Health ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Tools

ABSTRACTOptimal laboratory test utilization is important for providing high-quality clinical care and efficiently using limited health care resources. While microbiologists have long been advocates for appropriate laboratory test utilization, the widespread availability of electronic medical records capable of supporting clinician order entry and of clinical decision support tools (CDSTs) has provided expanded opportunities for implementing effective, automated test stewardship protocols. D. Nikolic et al. (J. Clin. Microbiol. 55:3350–3354, 2017,https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01052-17) describe the results of implementing a CDST at their institution to curtail stool microbiology testing for patients hospitalized for more than 3 days. Their intervention significantly decreased unnecessary test orders and saved their laboratory over $8,000 in reagent and labor costs during an 11-month postintervention period. That report provides an excellent example of how clinical microbiologists can use electronic tools to optimize laboratory test utilization in their health care system.

scholarly journals Digital Health Apps in the Clinical Care of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Scoping Review

10.2196/14630 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. e14630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lukas Yin ◽  
David Hachuel ◽  
John P Pollak ◽  
Ellen J Scherl ◽  
Deborah Estrin
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Health Apps ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background Digital health is poised to transform health care and redefine personalized health. As Internet and mobile phone usage increases, as technology develops new ways to collect data, and as clinical guidelines change, all areas of medicine face new challenges and opportunities. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of many chronic diseases that may benefit from these advances in digital health. This review intends to lay a foundation for clinicians and technologists to understand future directions and opportunities together. Objective This review covers mobile health apps that have been used in IBD, how they have fit into a clinical care framework, and the challenges that clinicians and technologists face in approaching future opportunities. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify mobile apps that have been studied and were published in the literature from January 1, 2010, to April 19, 2019. The search terms were (“mobile health” OR “eHealth” OR “digital health” OR “smart phone” OR “mobile app” OR “mobile applications” OR “mHealth” OR “smartphones”) AND (“IBD” OR “Inflammatory bowel disease” OR “Crohn's Disease” (CD) OR “Ulcerative Colitis” (UC) OR “UC” OR “CD”), followed by further analysis of citations from the results. We searched the Apple iTunes app store to identify a limited selection of commercial apps to include for discussion. Results A total of 68 articles met the inclusion criteria. A total of 11 digital health apps were identified in the literature and 4 commercial apps were selected to be described in this review. While most apps have some educational component, the majority of apps focus on eliciting patient-reported outcomes related to disease activity, and a few are for treatment management. Significant benefits have been seen in trials relating to education, quality of life, quality of care, treatment adherence, and medication management. No studies have reported a negative impact on any of the above. There are mixed results in terms of effects on office visits and follow-up. Conclusions While studies have shown that digital health can fit into, complement, and improve the standard clinical care of patients with IBD, there is a need for further validation and improvement, from both a clinical and patient perspective. Exploring new research methods, like microrandomized trials, may allow for more implementation of technology and rapid advancement of knowledge. New technologies that can objectively and seamlessly capture remote data, as well as complement the clinical shift from symptom-based to inflammation-based care, will help the clinical and health technology communities to understand the full potential of digital health in the care of IBD and other chronic illnesses.

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