Mycobacterium abscessusCells Have Altered Antibiotic Tolerance and Surface Glycolipids in Artificial Cystic Fibrosis Sputum Medium
ABSTRACTMycobacterium abscessusis a biofilm-forming, multidrug-resistant nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pathogen increasingly found in cystic fibrosis patients. Antibiotic treatment for these infections is often unsuccessful, partly due toM. abscessus’s high intrinsic antibiotic resistance. It is not clear whether antibiotic tolerance caused by biofilm formation also contributes to poor treatment outcomes. We studied the surface glycolipids and antibiotic tolerance ofM. abscessusbiofilms grown in artificial cystic fibrosis sputum (ACFS) medium to determine how they are affected by nutrient conditions that mimic infection. We found thatM. abscessusdisplays more of the virulence lipid trehalose dimycolate when grown in ACFS than when grown in standard lab medium. In ACFS medium, biofilm-associated cells were more antibiotic tolerant than planktonic cells in the same well. This contrasts with standard lab media, where both biofilm and planktonic cells are highly antibiotic tolerant. These results indicate thatM. abscessuscell physiology in biofilms depends on environmental factors and that nutrient conditions found within cystic fibrosis infections could contribute to both increased virulence and antibiotic tolerance.