scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Group B Streptococci Isolated from Patients with Invasive Disease: 10-Year Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 3623-3624 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Murdoch ◽  
L. Barth Reller
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Group B ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 192 group B streptococcal isolates from patients with invasive disease demonstrated that 31 (16%) were resistant to erythromycin and 17 (9%) were resistant to clindamycin. One isolate demonstrated high-level resistance to streptomycin, but none was highly resistant to gentamicin. Erythromycin and clindamycin are no longer reliable empirical alternatives to penicillin for the treatment and prevention of group B streptococcal infections.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in the South African private sector report for 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Olga Perovic ◽  
Husna Ismail ◽  
Erika Van Schalkwyk ◽  
Warren Lowman ◽  
Elizabeth Prentice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Action ◽  
High Level

Aim: The relevance of surveillance for antimicrobial resistance is increasingly recognised in the light of a global action plan to combat resistance. This report presents antimicrobial susceptibility testing on ESKAPE pathogens from private sector laboratories in South Africa for 2016.Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) performed on ESKAPE organisms (Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli) isolated from blood cultures at four private pathology laboratories in 2016 were analysed. Analysis and reporting of data were done via a uniform platform created by the NICD for national AST data.Results: AST were reported on 9 029 ESKAPE organisms including 58% Enterobacteriaceae, 28% Gram-positive bacteria and 14% Gram-negative bacteria and drug-bug combination was performed following the Global Antimicrobial Surveillance System (GLASS) guidelines by the World Health Organization.Conclusions: The most important resistance to address is a high level of ESBL in Enterobacteriaceae, which necessitates the use of carbapenems for treatment. Resistance to carbapenems is recorded in this report but not confirmation of genes by genotypic methods. During this period, no increase in vancomycin-resistant Enterococci was observed.

scholarly journals Sparfloxacin Resistance in Clinical Isolates ofStreptococcus pneumoniae: Involvement of Multiple Mutations in gyrA and parC Genes

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 2193-2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Taba ◽  
Nobuchika Kusano
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Additional Nucleotide ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACT Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed among 150 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae 4 pneumococcal isolates with resistance to fluoroquinolones (MIC of ciprofloxacin, ≥32 μg/ml; MIC of sparfloxacin, ≥16 μg/ml). Gene amplification and sequencing analysis of gyrA andparC revealed nucleotide changes leading to amino acid substitutions in both GyrA and ParC of all four fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. In the case of strains 182 and 674 for which sparfloxacin MICs were 16 and 64 μg/ml, respectively, nucleotide changes were detected at codon 81 in gyrA and codon 79 in parC; these changes led to an Ser→Phe substitution in GyrA and an Ser→Phe substitution in ParC. Strains 354 and 252, for which sparfloxacin MICs were 128 μg/ml, revealed multiple mutations in both gyrA and parC. These strains exhibited nucleotide changes at codon 85 leading to a Glu→Lys substitution in GyrA, in addition to Ser-79→Tyr and Lys-137→Asn substitutions in ParC. Moreover, strain 252 showed additional nucleotide changes at codon 93, which led to a Trp→Arg substitution in GyrA. These results suggest that sparfloxacin resistance could be due to the multiple mutations in GyrA and ParC. However, it is possible that other yet unidentified mutations may also be involved in the high-level resistance to fluoroquinolones in S. pneumoniae.

scholarly journals Genetic Basis of Antibiotic Resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae Strains Isolated in a French Hospital

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 794-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Poyart ◽  
Laurence Jardy ◽  
Gilles Quesne ◽  
Patrick Berche ◽  
Patrick Trieu-Cuot
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
French Hospital ◽  
Group B ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACT The genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in 113 unrelated group B streptococci was studied by PCR. Ninety-four strains were resistant to tetracycline-minocycline, and tet(M) was detected in 85% of these isolates. Seventeen erythromycin-resistant strains contained the erm(B), erm(TR), or mef(A) gene. Eleven strains exhibited high-level resistance to kanamycin due to the presence of the aphA3 gene; eight of these strains were also highly resistant to streptomycin; aad-6-related sequences were detected in seven strains.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of VITEK 2® for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of group B Streptococcus

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmaa Tazi ◽  
Hélène Réglier-Poupet ◽  
Josette Raymond ◽  
Jean-Marie Adam ◽  
Patrick Trieu-Cuot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Barcelona during a five-year period, 2013 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (42) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Salmerón ◽  
Belén Viñado ◽  
Rachid El Ouazzani ◽  
Marta Hernández ◽  
María Jesús Barbera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
European Committee ◽  
Clinical Breakpoints ◽  
High Level ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Level Resistance

Introduction Increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae cause problems for treating gonorrhoea. Aim This observational study aimed to describe isolates from all patients found infected with N. gonorrhoeae, in Barcelona, Spain, between 2013 and 2017, and with available antimicrobial susceptibility data. Methods Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of penicillin (PEN), cefixime (CFM), ceftriaxone (CRO), azithromycin (AZM), ciprofloxacin (CIP), spectinomycin (SPT), fosfomycin (FOF) and gentamicin (GEN) were determined by E-test. Susceptibility was assessed using clinical breakpoints from the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Time trends for PEN, CFM, AZM and CIP were investigated using logistic regression. Results Of 1,979 patients with infection (2,036 isolates), 1,888 (95.4%) were men. Patient median age was 32 years. The proportions of isolates resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins were low, with 0.3% (5/1,982) resistant to CRO and 4.9% (98/1,985) to CFM. AZM resistance prevalence was 2.7% (52/1,981), including 16 isolates detected in 2016 and 2017, with high-level resistance. For CIP, 51.3% (1,018/1,986) of isolates were resistant, and for PEN, 20.1% (399/1,985). All isolates were susceptible to SPT. MIC50 and MIC90 values of GEN were 4 and 6 mg/L and of FOF 12 and 24 mg/L, respectively. Between 2013 and 2017, PEN and CFM resistance rates each decreased from 28.1% (92/327) to 12.2% (70/572) and from 8.3% (27/327) to 4.4% (25/572) (p ≤ 0.0073). In contrast, AZM resistance prevalence appeared to increase from 1.5% in 2014 (5/340) to 3.0% (17/572) in 2017. No trend was identified for CIP. Conclusion Antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance is important to timely detect new phenotypes and trends.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Molecular Characterization of Abundant tet(X) Variants Among Diverse Bacterial Species of Chicken Origin in Jiangsu, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingshan Li ◽  
Kai Peng ◽  
Yi Yin ◽  
Xinran Sun ◽  
Wenhui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

Many novel tigecycline-inactivating enzymes encoded by tet(X) variants from different bacteria were discovered since the plasmid-mediated tet(X3) and tet(X4) genes conferring high-level resistance to tigecycline in Enterobacterales and Acinetobacter were reported. However, there have been no comprehensive studies of the prevalence of different tet(X) variants in poultry farms. In this study, we collected 45 chicken fecal samples, isolated tet(X)-positive strains, and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assay, whole-genome sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. A total of 15 tet(X)-bearing strains were isolated from 13 samples. Species identification and tet(X) subtyping analysis found that the 15 strains belonged to eight different species and harbored four different tet(X) variants. Genomic investigation showed that transmission of tet(X) variants was associated with various mobile genetic elements, and tet(X4) was the most prevalent variant transferred by conjugative plasmids. Meanwhile, we characterized a plasmid co-harboring tet(X6) and blaOXA–58 in Acinetobacter baumannii. In summary, we demonstrated that different tet(X) variants were widely disseminated in the chicken farming environment and dominated by tet(X4). This finding expands the understanding of the prevalence of tet(X) among different animal sources, and it was advocated to reduce the usage of antibiotics to limit the emergence and transmission of novel tet(X) variants in the poultry industry.

Pretreatment antimicrobial susceptibility testing is cost saving in the eradication of

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Romano ◽  
Riccardo Marmo ◽  
Antonio Cuomo ◽  
Teresa De Simone ◽  
Caterina Mucherino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

NGHIÊN CỨU SỰ NHẠY CẢM VỚI KHÁNG SINH CỦA MỘT SỐ CHỦNG VI KHUẨN GÂY VIÊM ĐƯỜNG HÔ HẤP CẤP Ở TRẺ EM DƯỚI 6 TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI THANH HÓA 2009 - 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoai Do Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Isolation Rate

From 43.574 fluid nasopharynx speciments of  the chidren inpatient under six we isolated total 21.769 types bacteria with isolation rate : 49.95%. In which the highest isolation rate for H. influenza, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis were 13,94%; 7,11%; 1,43% respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing shown all the types of  for H. influenza, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis good susses to Fosphomycine, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis good susses to Imipenem, H. influenza good susses to Azithromycine, S. pneumoniae good susses to Penicilline and Piperacilline, M. catarrhalis good susses to Tobramycine and Ofloxacine. All of  H. influenza, S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis were reported resistance to Tri/Sulpha, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycine in high rate.

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