scholarly journals Structural Comparison of Three Types of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Integrated in the Chromosome in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1323-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruyo Ito ◽  
Yuki Katayama ◽  
Kazumi Asada ◽  
Namiko Mori ◽  
Kanae Tsutsumimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Integration Site ◽  
Direct Repeats ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Junction Points ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

ABSTRACT The β-lactam resistance gene mecA ofStaphylococcus aureus is carried by a novel mobile genetic element, designated staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec(SCCmec), identified in the chromosome of a Japanese methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain. We now report identification of two additional types ofmecA-carrying genetic elements found in the MRSA strains isolated in other countries of the world. There were substantial differences in the size and nucleotide sequences between the elements and the SCCmec. However, new elements shared the chromosomal integration site with the SCCmec. Structural analysis of the new elements revealed that they possessed all of the salient features of the SCCmec: conserved terminal inverted repeats and direct repeats at the integration junction points, conserved genetic organization around the mecA gene, and the presence of cassette chromosome recombinase (ccr) genes responsible for the movements of SCCmec. The elements, therefore, were considered to comprise the SCCmec family of staphylococcal mobile genetic elements together with the previously identified SCCmec. Among 38 epidemic MRSA strains isolated in 20 countries, 34 were shown to possess one of the three typical SCCmec elements on the chromosome. Our findings indicated that there are at least three distinct MRSA clones in the world with different types of SCCmec in their chromosome.

scholarly journals Novel Type of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Identified in Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1147-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Xue Ma ◽  
Teruyo Ito ◽  
Chuntima Tiensasitorn ◽  
Mantana Jamklang ◽  
Piriyaporn Chongtrakool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Complex ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Class B ◽  
New Type ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

ABSTRACT We identified a new type of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) from two community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. The novel element, designated type IV SCCmec, had a unique combination of the class B mec gene complex and the type 2 ccr gene complex and was much smaller in size (21 to 24 kb) than previously identified SCCmec elements of hospital-acquired MRSA. Consistent with the strains' susceptibilities to various non-β-lactam antibiotics, the type IV SCCmec was devoid of any antibiotic resistance genes other than the mecA gene.

scholarly journals Novel Types of Staphylococcal Cassette ChromosomemecElements Identified in Clonal Complex 398 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 3046-3050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshuang Li ◽  
Robert Leo Skov ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Anders Rhod Larsen ◽  
Jesper Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Original Host ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Type V ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

ABSTRACTThe structures of staphylococcal cassette chromosomemec(SCCmec) elements carried by 31 clonal complex 398 (CC398) methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains isolated from the participants at a conference were analyzed. The SCCmecs were classified into novel types, namely, IX, X, V(5C2&5) subtype c, and IVa. Type V(5C2&5) subtype c, IX, and X SCCmecs carried genes conferring resistance to metals. The structures of SCCmecs from CC398 strains were distinct from those normally found in humans, adding to the evidence that humans are not the original host for CC398.

scholarly journals Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) Typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated in 11 Asian Countries: a Proposal for a New Nomenclature for SCCmec Elements

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 1001-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piriyaporn Chongtrakool ◽  
Teruyo Ito ◽  
Xiao Xue Ma ◽  
Yoko Kondo ◽  
Suwanna Trakulsomboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

ABSTRACT A description of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) elements carried by 615 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated in 11 Asian countries is reported, and a novel nomenclatural system based on their structures is proposed. The 615 strains were classified as type 3A (370 strains), type 2A (207 strains), type 2B (32 strains), type 1B (1 strain), and nontypeable (5 strains). The previously reported type III SCCmec (DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank accession no. AB037671) carried by the MRSA strain 85/2082 was ascertained to be composed of two SCC elements, type 3A SCCmec and SCCmercury. PCR analysis indicated that 310 of 370 type 3A SCCmec strains carried both SCC elements. These strains were prevalent in eight countries: Thailand, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, India, and Singapore. The remaining 60 type 3A SCCmec strains differed with respect to the left extremity polymorphism or to the presence of ccrC. Among these, two were identified as carrying only type 3A SCCmec elements, but their left extremities differed. Type 2A SCCmec strains predominated in Korea and Japan, although the frequency of the presence of ant(4′)-1 gene downstream of mecA varied (53% for Korean strains; 93% for Japanese strains). Various SCCmec elements were identified in the tested strains, and limited numbers were identified by their multilocus sequence typing genotypes. These data suggest that numerous MRSA clones are disseminated in Asian hospitals, and these consist of minor clones that are presumed to have arisen locally and major clones that are presumed to have been introduced from other countries.

scholarly journals Analysis of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosomemecin BD GeneOhm MRSA Assay-Negative Strains

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 2890-2891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Teruyo Ito ◽  
Shanshuang Li ◽  
Shigeki Misawa ◽  
Shigemi Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

ABSTRACTThe BD GeneOhm MRSA assay could identify methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains at a high ratio (97.8%). Analysis of 11 assay-negative MRSA strains suggested that insertion of non-mecstaphylococcal cassette chromosome elements (SCCs) downstream oforfX, and carriage of SCCmecs with a left extremity that cannot be detected by the kit, might lead to their being given an incorrect negative status.

scholarly journals Novel Type of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec in a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strain Isolated in Sweden

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 3512-3516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Berglund ◽  
Teruyo Ito ◽  
Megumi Ikeda ◽  
Xiao Xue Ma ◽  
Bo Söderquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Gene Complex ◽  
Direct Repeats ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Gene Complexes ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

ABSTRACT We identified a novel type of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) element carried by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain JCSC6082 isolated in Sweden. The SCCmec element was demarcated by characteristic nucleotide sequences at both ends and was integrated at the 3′ end of orfX. The element carried a novel combination of a type 5 ccr gene complex and class C1 mec gene complex. The J regions of the element were homologous to those of the SCCmercury element of S. aureus strain 85/2082, with nucleotide identity greater than 99%. However, the novel SCCmec element from JCSC6082 did not carry the mer operon nor Tn554, suggesting that evolution to SCCmec could have been from a common ancestor by acquisition of the class C1 mec gene complex. The novel SCCmec element from JCSC6082 was flanked by a novel SCC-like chromosome cassette (CC6082), which was demarcated by two direct repeats and could be excised from the chromosome independently of the SCCmec element. Our data suggest that novel SCCmec elements can be generated on the staphylococcal chromosome through the recombination between extant SCC elements and mec gene complexes.

Emergence of Staphylococcal Cassette ChromosomemecType IV Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusas a Cause of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1206-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Neofytos ◽  
B. Kuhn ◽  
S. Shen ◽  
X. Hua Zhu ◽  
D. Jungkind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Crude Mortality ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

Staphylococcal cassette chromosomemec(SCCmec) type IV methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains were identified in 8 (19.5%) of 41 consecutive patients with MRSA ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in this retrospective, observational study. There were no significant differences in VAP severity and crude mortality rates between patients with SCCmectype II strains and patients with SCCmectype IV strains.

scholarly journals Structural Variations of Staphylococcal Cassette ChromosomemecType IVa inStaphylococcus aureusClonal Complex 8 and Unrelated Lineages

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 3932-3935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Damborg ◽  
Mette Damkjær Bartels ◽  
Kit Boye ◽  
Luca Guardabassi ◽  
Henrik Westh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Mobile Elements ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Primary Structures ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

ABSTRACTPCR mapping of staphylococcal cassette chromosomemectype IVa and adjacent mobile elements in 94 methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains identified two primary structures (A and B) that could be further classified into two (A1 and A2) and five (B1 to B5) variants, primarily based on structural differences in theorfX-J3 region. Whilespatype t008 (USA300) invariably contained the A variants, otherspatypes belonging to clonal complex 8 and unrelated lineages generally contained B variants. These findings have important implications for the typing and identification of MRSA strains containing B variants.

scholarly journals Detection ofmecA- andmecC-Positive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates by the New Xpert MRSA Gen 3 PCR Assay: TABLE 1

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Becker ◽  
Olivier Denis ◽  
Sandrine Roisin ◽  
Alexander Mellmann ◽  
Evgeny A. Idelevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

An advanced methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) detection PCR approach targeting SCCmec-orfXalong withmecAandmecCwas evaluated forS. aureusand coagulase-negative staphylococci. The possession ofmecAand/ormecCwas correctly confirmed in all cases. All methicillin-susceptibleS. aureusstrains (n= 98; including staphylococcal cassette chromosomemecelement [SCCmec] remnants) and 98.1% of the MRSA strains (n= 160, including 10mecC-positive MRSA) were accurately categorized.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Gene Amongst the Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Fowl Meat

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Saadati ◽  
Zohreh Mashak ◽  
Mohammad Saeid Yarmand
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is considered to be one of the most important causes of foodborne diseases. Objective: The current examination was performed to examine the distribution of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene amongst the MRSA strains isolated from raw fowl meat samples. Materials and Methods: A total of 240 fowl meat samples were collected and cultured. MRSA strains were identified using cefoxitin and oxacillin susceptibility tests. DNA samples extracted from the MRSA strains were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of SCCmec and PVL gene. Results: Twenty-two out of 240 (9.16%) raw fowl meat samples were positive for S. aureus strains. Twelve out of 22 S. aureus strains (54.54%) were determined as MRSA strains. The incidence of MRSA strains in raw chicken, turkey, quail, and ostrich meat samples was 66.66%, 50%, 50%, and 33.33%, respectively. The incidence of SCCmec IVa, SCCmec IVd, and SCCmec V was 50%, 8.33% and 41.66%, respectively. The applied method failed to detect SCCmec types I, II, III, IVb, and IVc. The incidence of the PVL gene amongst the MRSA strains was 75%. Conclusion: The presence of SCCmec IV and SCCmec V and PVL gene revealed occurrence of community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) in fowl meat samples. Further studies are required to find additional epidemiological aspects of the MRSA strains in fowl meat samples.

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