scholarly journals In Vivo Penicillin MIC Drift to Extremely High Resistance in Serotype 14 Streptococcus pneumoniae Persistently Colonizing the Nasopharynx of an Infant with Chronic Suppurative Lung Disease: a Case Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 3648-3649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Leach ◽  
Peter S. Morris ◽  
Heidi Smith-Vaughan ◽  
John D. Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Recurrent Pneumonia ◽  
First Report ◽  
Suppurative Lung Disease

ABSTRACT This is the first report of in vivo pneumococcal penicillin MIC drift from 4.0 to 16.0 mg/liter, possibly associated with alterations in the pbp1a gene. The case presented here is of an infant with early onset recurrent pneumonia and chronic bronchitis requiring repeated antibiotics.

Laser Based Analysis on Analog Circuits with Feedback Loops and a Case Study

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fubin Zhang ◽  
David Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Analog Circuits ◽  
Analog Circuit ◽  
Feedback Loops ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Analog Device ◽  
Analog Ic ◽  
Successful Isolation

Abstract Based on the understanding of laser based techniques’ physics theory and the topology/structure of analog circuit systems with feedback loops, the propagation of laser induced voltage/current alteration inside the analog IC is evaluated. A setup connection scheme is proposed to monitor this voltage/current alteration to achieve a better success rate in finding the fail site or defect. Finally, a case of successful isolation of a high resistance via on an analog device is presented.

Case study in 21 st century ecotoxicology: using in vitro aromatase inhibition data to predict short term in vivo responses in adult female fish

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Villeneuve ◽  
Brett R. Blackwell ◽  
Jenna E. Cavallin ◽  
Wan‐Yun Cheng ◽  
David J. Feifarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Aromatase Inhibition ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Inhibition Data

scholarly journals COVID-19 vaccine-related interstitial lung disease: a case study

Thorax ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. thoraxjnl-2021-217609
Author(s):  
Ji Young Park ◽  
Joo-Hee Kim ◽  
In Jae Lee ◽  
Hwan Il Kim ◽  
Sunghoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease

scholarly journals Effects of Amoxicillin Subinhibitory Concentrations on the Cross-Protection Developed by Pneumococcal Antibodies in Mouse Sepsis Caused by an Amoxicillin-Resistant Serotype 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae Strain

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 4144-4147 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Tarragó ◽  
L. Aguilar ◽  
M. J. Giménez ◽  
A. Fenoll ◽  
J. Casal
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Hyperimmune Serum ◽  
Serum Peak ◽  
Null Value ◽  
Subinhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Antibiotic Efficacy

ABSTRACT A model of mouse sepsis caused by a serotype 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae strain (amoxicillin MIC of 8 μg/ml) was developed to investigate the therapeutic effect of an amoxicillin dose (3.12 mg/kg of body weight three times daily for 48 h) producing, over the whole treatment period, subinhibitory concentrations in serum (peak concentration [C max]: 6.1 μg/ml) in animals that prior to infection had been passively immunized with a 6B or 23F hyperimmune serum (obtained by immunization with a whole-cell heat-inactivated inoculum and diluted to produce no protective effect by itself). Mortality in nonimmunized animals treated with antibiotic (3.12 mg/kg) was 90%, and mortality in animals immunized but not treated with the antibiotic was 100%. Antibiotic treatment in immunized animals produced mortality rates ≤20% when the hyperimmune serum was used, thus showing cross-protection and synergism (defined as the situation in which there is no response to the single agents [no differences versus placebo] while the combination exhibits significant activity) with subinhibitory concentrations of the antibiotic. The presence of antipneumococcal antibodies allowed antibiotic efficacy with negligible values of pharmacodynamic parameters (C max/MIC ratio of <1 and thus a null value for the time that serum levels exceed the MIC). This in vivo synergism offers a potential therapeutic strategy against resistant strains.

scholarly journals Prevalence and burden of chronic bronchitis symptoms: results from the BOLD study

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1700621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Mejza ◽  
Louisa Gnatiuc ◽  
A. Sonia Buist ◽  
William M. Vollmer ◽  
Bernd Lamprecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Disease Study

We studied the prevalence, burden and potential risk factors for chronic bronchitis symptoms in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.Representative population-based samples of adults aged ≥40 years were selected in participating sites. Participants completed questionnaires and spirometry. Chronic bronchitis symptoms were defined as chronic cough and phlegm on most days for ≥3 months each year for ≥2 years.Data from 24 855 subjects from 33 sites in 29 countries were analysed. There were significant differences in the prevalence of self-reported symptoms meeting our definition of chronic bronchitis across sites, from 10.8% in Lexington (KY, USA), to 0% in Ile-Ife (Nigeria) and Blantyre (Malawi). Older age, less education, current smoking, occupational exposure to fumes, self-reported diagnosis of asthma or lung cancer and family history of chronic lung disease were all associated with increased risk of chronic bronchitis. Chronic bronchitis symptoms were associated with worse lung function, more dyspnoea, increased risk of respiratory exacerbations and reduced quality of life, independent of the presence of other lung diseases.The prevalence of chronic bronchitis symptoms varied widely across the studied sites. Chronic bronchitis symptoms were associated with significant burden both in individuals with chronic airflow obstruction and those with normal lung function.

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