Laser Based Analysis on Analog Circuits with Feedback Loops and a Case Study

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fubin Zhang ◽  
David Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Analog Circuits ◽  
Analog Circuit ◽  
Feedback Loops ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Analog Device ◽  
Analog Ic ◽  
Successful Isolation

Abstract Based on the understanding of laser based techniques’ physics theory and the topology/structure of analog circuit systems with feedback loops, the propagation of laser induced voltage/current alteration inside the analog IC is evaluated. A setup connection scheme is proposed to monitor this voltage/current alteration to achieve a better success rate in finding the fail site or defect. Finally, a case of successful isolation of a high resistance via on an analog device is presented.

Analog Circuit Failure Analysis Using Time-Resolved Emission

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Cain ◽  
G.L. Woods ◽  
A. Syed ◽  
R. Herlein ◽  
Toshihiro Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Analog Circuits ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Analog Circuit ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Nonlinear Process ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Excellent Spatial Resolution ◽  
5 Ghz

Abstract Time-Resolved Emission (TRE) is a popular technique for non-invasive acquisition of time-domain waveforms from active nodes through the backside of an integrated circuit. [1] State-of-the art TRE systems offer high bandwidths (> 5 GHz), excellent spatial resolution (0.25um), and complete visibility of all nodes on the chip. TRE waveforms are typically used for detecting incorrect signal levels, race conditions, and/or timing faults with resolution of a few ps. However, extracting the exact voltage behavior from a TRE waveform is usually difficult because dynamic photon emission is a highly nonlinear process. This has limited the perceived utility of TRE in diagnosing analog circuits. In this paper, we demonstrate extraction of voltage waveforms in passing and failing conditions from a small-swing, differential logic circuit. The voltage waveforms obtained were crucial in corroborating a theory for some failures inside an 0.18um ASIC.

Concepts for In Situ Diagnostics in Analog Microelectronic Circuits

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Kolasa ◽  
Alfredo Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Analog Circuits ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Analog Circuit ◽  
Fault Localization ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Diagnostic Capability ◽  
Common Signal ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities ◽  
In Situ Diagnostics

Abstract Comprehensive in situ (designed-in) diagnostic capabilities have been incorporated into digital microelectronic systems for years, yet similar capabilities are not commonly incorporated into the design of analog microelectronics. And as feature sizes shrink and back end interconnect metallization becomes more complex, the need for effective diagnostics for analog circuits becomes ever more critical. This paper presents concepts for incorporating in situ diagnostic capability into analog circuit designs. Aspects of analog diagnostic system architecture are discussed as well as nodal measurement scenarios for common signal types. As microelectronic feature sizes continue to shrink, diagnostic capabilities such as those presented here will become essential to the process of fault localization in analog circuits.

Managament of Bhagandara (Fistula-in-Ano) by Palasha Ksharasutra prepared with Arkaksheera - A Case Report.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganapathi Rao ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Ashok Naikar ◽  
Chandrakanth Halli
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Weekly Interval ◽  
Butea Monosperma ◽  
Fistula In Ano

A standard Ksharasutra is practiced in treatment of Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano) with high success rate and minimum recurrence rate. In previous research it was noted that Pittaja Prakruti patients sometime might cause more perianal irritation due to Apamarga Ksharasutra. So in this study Palasha Ksharasutra prepared in Arkaksheera was prepared by Palasha Kshara (Ash of Butea monosperma), Arka Ksheera (Calotropis gigantic) and turmeric powder (Curcuma longa). This Ksharasutra was prepared as per the API guidelines and preserved in air tight tube. A patient of Pittaja predominant Prakruti with fistula-in ano having two external opening at 6 and 7 O’ clock position of anus was treated with application of Ksharasutra. The Palasha Ksharasutra prepared in Arkaksheera was applied in these two opening under spinal anesthesia. Then Ksharasutra was changed by weekly interval under local xylocaine jelly 2%. The length of thread was measured weekly and noted in the case to assess the unit cutting time (UCT). The unit cutting time (UCT) of first thread was 7.5 days/cm and second one had UCT 6.8 days/cm. During the treatment patient was doing his job regularly without hampering the quality of life. After 2 months patient was free from all symptoms of fistula with normal scar and without any complications. This case study demonstrated the utility of Palasha Ksharasutra prepared in Arkaksheera in multiple fistula-in ano.

scholarly journals A Neural Network Classifier with Multi-Valued Neurons for Analog Circuit Fault Diagnosis

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Igor Aizenberg ◽  
Riccardo Belardi ◽  
Marco Bindi ◽  
Francesco Grasso ◽  
Stefano Manetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analog Circuits ◽  
Analog Circuit ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Rigorous Approach ◽  
Testability Analysis ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Fabrication Tolerances ◽  
Circuit Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Faulty Component ◽  
Ambiguity Groups

In this paper, we present a new method designed to recognize single parametric faults in analog circuits. The technique follows a rigorous approach constituted by three sequential steps: calculating the testability and extracting the ambiguity groups of the circuit under test (CUT); localizing the failure and putting it in the correct fault class (FC) via multi-frequency measurements or simulations; and (optional) estimating the value of the faulty component. The fabrication tolerances of the healthy components are taken into account in every step of the procedure. The work combines machine learning techniques, used for classification and approximation, with testability analysis procedures for analog circuits.

scholarly journals EVALUASI TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN INSEMINASI BUATAN DI KECAMATAN SELAAWI KABUPATEN GARUT TAHUN PELAKSANAAN 2013 (Evaluation Of Artificial Insemination Success Rate In The District Of Garut Selaawi Implementation Year 2013)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Robi Agustinadi Tati Rohayati, dan Asep Permadi Gumelar2
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Research On Evaluation ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Year 2013

Abstrak Penelitian mengenai Evaluasi Tingkat Keberhasilan Sapi Potong Betina di Kecamatan Selaawi Kabupaten Garut telah dilaksanakan pada tanggal 1 Juli sampai dengan tanggal 31 Juli 2015.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan inseminasi buatan yang meliputi service per conception (S/C), conception rate (CR) dan Calving Rate (C/R) pada sapi potong di Kecamatan Selaawi Kabupaten Garut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik studi kasus. Peubah yang diamati terdiri dari service per conception (S/C), conception rate (CR) dan Calving Rate (C/R). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rataan service per conception (S/C) adalah sebesar 1,4, Conception Rate (CR) sebesar 71%, Calving Rate (C/R) 83%. Dengan demikian tingkat keberhasilan inseminasi buatan pada sapi potong betina di Kecamatan Selaawi sudah baik. Kata kunci: Inseminasi Buatan, S/C, CR, C/R, sapi potong Abstract Research on Evaluation of Beef Cattle Females Success Rate in District Selaawi Garut was held on July 1 until the date of July 31, 2015. The study aims to determine the success rate of artificial insemination which includes service per conception (S/C), conception rate (CR) and Calving Rate (C/R) in beef cattle in the district of Garut Selaawi. The method used is descriptive method with a case study. Variables observed consisted of service per conception (S/C), conception rate (CR) and Calving Rate (C/R). The results showed that the average services per conception (S/C) is at 1.4, Conception Rate (CR) of 71 % , Calving Rate ( C / R ) 83 %. Thus the success rate of artificial insemination in beef cattle females in Sub Selaawi is good. Keywords: artificial insemination, service per conception, conception rate, Calving Rate, beef cattle

scholarly journals Analog Circuit Design Automation Tool Using Genetic Algorithms

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. A. Khalifa ◽  
D. H. Horrocks
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Circuit Design ◽  
Analog Circuits ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Analog Circuit ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Specific Frequency ◽  
Aided Design

An investigation into the application of Genetic Algorithms (GA) for the design of electronic analog circuits is presented in this paper. In this paper an investigation of the use of genetic algorithms into the problem of analog circuits design is presented. In a single design stage, circuits are produced that satisfy specific frequency response specifications using circuit structures that are unrestricted and with component values that are chosen from a set of preferred values. The extra degrees of freedom resulting from unbounded circuit structures create a huge search space. It is shown in this paper that Genetic Algorithms can be successfully used to search this space. The application chosen is a LC all pass ladder filter circuit design.Key Words: Computer-Aided Design, Analog Circuits, Artificial Intelligence.

Successful Isolation of a Water Contribution Zone Using Fiber Optic Telemetry Enabled Coiled Tubing Conveyed Inflatable Packer Capped with Cement (Case Study)

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa S. Shawly ◽  
Alaa A. Dashash ◽  
Bander F. Khateeb ◽  
Ahmed H. Muhammadi ◽  
Vsevolod Bugrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Successful Isolation

Process voltage temperature analysis of MOS based balanced pseudo-resistors for biomedical analog circuit applications

Circuit World ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulbhushan Sharma ◽  
Anisha Pathania ◽  
Jaya Madan ◽  
Rahul Pandey ◽  
Rajnish Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Analog Circuits ◽  
Analog Circuit ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Time Constants ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Common Mode Voltage ◽  
Design Techniques

Purpose Adoption of integrated MOS based pseudo-resistor (PR) structures instead of using off-chip passive poly resistors for analog circuits in complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology (CMOS) is an area-efficient way for realizing larger time constants. However, issue of common-mode voltage shifting and excess dependency on the process and temperature variations introduce nonlinearity in such structures. So there is dire need to not only closely look for the origin of the problem with the help of a thorough mathematical analysis but also suggest the most suitable PR structure for the purpose catering broadly to biomedical analog circuit applications. Design/methodology/approach In this work, incremental resistance (IR) expressions and IR range for balanced PR (BPR) structures operating in the subthreshold region have been closely analyzed for broader range of process-voltage-temperature variations. All the post-layout simulations have been obtained using BSIM3V3 device models in 0.18 µm standard CMOS process. Findings The obtained results show that the pertinent problem of common-mode voltage shifting in such PR structures is completely resolved in scaled gate linearization and bulk-driven quasi-floating gate (BDQFG) BPR structures. Among all BPR structures, BDQFG BPR remarkably shows constant IR value of 1 TΩ over −1 V to 1 V voltage swing for wider process and temperature variations. Research limitations/implications Various balanced PR design techniques reported in this work will help the research community in implementing larger time constants for analog-mixed signal circuits. Social implications The PR design techniques presented in the present piece of work is expected to be used in developing tunable and accurate biomedical prosthetics. Originality/value The BPR structures thoroughly analyzed and reported in this work may be useful in the design of analog circuits specifically for applications such as neural signal recording, cardiac electrical impedance tomography and other low-frequency biomedical applications.

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