scholarly journals Identification of Particle Size Classes Inhibiting Protozoan Recovery from Surface Water Samples via U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1623

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (20) ◽  
pp. 6619-6621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh-Anne H. Krometis ◽  
Gregory W. Characklis ◽  
Mark D. Sobsey
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Species Recovery ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Method 1623 ◽  
Particle Size Classes ◽  
Surface Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency Method

ABSTRACT Giardia species recovery by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency method 1623 appears significantly impacted by a wide size range (2 to 30 μm) of particles in water and organic matter. Cryptospori dium species recovery seems negatively correlated only with smaller (2 to 10 μm), presumably inorganic particles. Results suggest constituents and mechanisms interfering with method performance may differ by protozoan type.

scholarly journals Effects of Seeding Procedures and Water Quality on Recovery of Cryptosporidium Oocysts from Stream Water by Using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1623

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 4118-4128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna S. Francy ◽  
Otto D. Simmons ◽  
Michael W. Ware ◽  
Emma J. Granger ◽  
Mark D. Sobsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Method 1623 ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency Method

ABSTRACT U.S. Environmental Protection Agency method 1623 is widely used to monitor source waters and drinking water supplies for Cryptosporidium oocysts. Matrix spikes, used to determine the effect of the environmental matrix on the method's recovery efficiency for the target organism, require the collection and analysis of two environmental samples, one for analysis of endemic oocysts and the other for analysis of recovery efficiency. A new product, ColorSeed, enables the analyst to determine recovery efficiency by using modified seeded oocysts that can be differentiated from endemic organisms in a single sample. Twenty-nine stream water samples and one untreated effluent sample from a cattle feedlot were collected in triplicate to compare modified seeding procedures to conventional seeding procedures that use viable, unmodified oocysts. Significant negative correlations were found between the average oocyst recovery and turbidity or suspended sediment; this was especially apparent in samples with turbidities greater than 100 nephelometric turbidity units and suspended sediment concentrations greater than 100 mg/liter. Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in 16.7% of the unseeded environmental samples, and concentrations, adjusted for recoveries, ranged from 4 to 80 oocysts per 10 liters. Determining recovery efficiency also provided data to calculate detection limits; these ranged from <2 to <215 oocysts per 10 liters. Recoveries of oocysts ranged from 2.0 to 61% for viable oocysts and from 3.0 to 59% for modified oocysts. The recoveries between the two seeding procedures were highly correlated (r = 0.802) and were not significantly different. Recoveries by using modified oocysts, therefore, were comparable to recoveries by using conventional seeding procedures.

scholarly journals Cryptosporidium and Giardia Recoveries in Natural Waters by Using Environmental Protection Agency Method 1623

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 5952-5955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol L. DiGiorgio ◽  
David A. Gonzalez ◽  
Christopher C. Huitt
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Method 1623 ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency Method

ABSTRACT Relatively few studies have examined recoveries from source waters by using Environmental Protection Agency method 1623 with organism spike doses that are environmentally realistic and at turbidity levels commonly found in surface waters. In this study, we evaluated the filtration capacities and recovery efficiencies of the Gelman Envirochek (standard filter) and the Gelman Envirochek high-volume (HV) sampling capsules under environmental conditions. We also examined the performance of method 1623 under ambient conditions with matrix spike experiments using 10 organisms/liter. Under turbid conditions, the HV capsule filtered approximately twice the volume filtered by the standard filter, but neither could filter 10 liters without clogging. In low-turbidity waters, oocyst, but not cyst, recoveries were significantly higher when the HV capsule was used. In turbid waters, organism recoveries were lower than those in nonturbid waters and were not significantly different for the different filters. When the HV capsule was used, Cryptosporidium recoveries ranged from 36 to 75%, and Giardia recoveries ranged from 0.5 to 53%. For both organisms, recoveries varied significantly by site. Turbidity could explain variation in Giardia recoveries (r 2 = 0.80) but not variation in Cryptosporidium recoveries (r 2 = 0.16). The inconsistent recoveries across sites suggested that the background matrix of the ambient water affected recovery by method 1623. A control sample collected at the height of the winter rainy season detected one organism, highlighting the difficulty of using this method to accurately measure pathogen abundance under natural conditions. Our findings support the use of the HV filter under field conditions but suggest that designing a cost-effective and statistically valid monitoring program to evaluate sources and loads of protozoan pathogens may be difficult.

scholarly journals Molecular Forensic Profiling of Cryptosporidium Species and Genotypes in Raw Water

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 8991-8994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma J. Ruecker ◽  
Niravanh Bounsombath ◽  
Peter Wallis ◽  
Corinne S. L. Ong ◽  
Judith L. Isaac-Renton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Cryptosporidium Species ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Method 1623 ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Microscope Slides ◽  
Forensic Profiling ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency Method

ABSTRACT The emerging concept of host specificity of Cryptosporidium spp. was exploited to characterize sources of fecal contamination in a watershed. A method of molecular forensic profiling of Cryptosporidium oocysts on microscope slides prepared from raw water samples processed by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1623 was developed. The method was based on a repetitive nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism-DNA sequencing approach that permitted the resolution of multiple species/genotypes of Cryptosporidium in a single water sample.

Applying green chemistry approaches to EPA standard method of analysis for dioxins

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Walkinshaw
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Method Performance ◽  
Chemistry Method ◽  
Solid Matrices

Abstract Green Chemistry principles can be applied while following approved Environmental Protection Agency methods at an accredited lab. The decision-making process involved in selecting a method for the analysis of dioxins in solid matrices while considering green chemistry, method performance and overall cost are presented.

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