scholarly journals The Bacterial Community in the Gut of the Cockroach Shelfordella lateralis Reflects the Close Evolutionary Relatedness of Cockroaches and Termites

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 2758-2767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Schauer ◽  
Claire L. Thompson ◽  
Andreas Brune
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Evolutionary Relatedness ◽  
Termite Gut ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Metabolic Activities

ABSTRACTTermites and cockroaches are closely related, with molecular phylogenetic analyses even placing termites within the radiation of cockroaches. The intestinal tract of wood-feeding termites harbors a remarkably diverse microbial community that is essential for the digestion of lignocellulose. However, surprisingly little is known about the gut microbiota of their closest relatives, the omnivorous cockroaches. Here, we present a combined characterization of physiological parameters, metabolic activities, and bacterial microbiota in the gut ofShelfordella lateralis, a representative of the cockroach family Blattidae, the sister group of termites. We compared the bacterial communities within each gut compartment using terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis and made a 16S rRNA gene clone library of the microbiota in the colon—the dilated part of the hindgut with the highest density and diversity of bacteria. The colonic community was dominated by members of theBacteroidetes,Firmicutes(mainlyClostridia), and someDeltaproteobacteria. SpirochaetesandFibrobacteres, which are abundant members of termite gut communities, were conspicuously absent. Nevertheless, detailed phylogenetic analysis revealed that many of the clones from the cockroach colon clustered with sequences previously obtained from the termite gut, which indicated that the composition of the bacterial community reflects at least in part the phylogeny of the host.

Conqueria laevis gen. and sp. nov., a new soft-walled, monothalamous foraminiferan from the deep Weddell Sea

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Gooday ◽  
Jan Pawlowski
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Short Neck ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Cylindrical Test

Conqueria laevis gen. and sp. nov., a new monothalamous agglutinated foraminiferan, is described from core samples collected in the abyssal western Weddell Sea. The species is characterized by a very elongate, almost cylindrical test that usually follows a more or less curved course and has a single terminal aperture located at the end of a short neck. The wall has a very smooth outer surface and is composed of tiny (<5 μm) agglutinated particles. Very similar and presumably congeneric morphotypes occur at northern hemisphere sites, including Arctic fjords around Svalbard and the Porcupine Abyssal Plain. Molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on small subunit rRNA gene sequences, indicate that the new Weddell Sea species forms an independent lineage branching among monothalamous foraminiferans as a sister group to the clade of Psammophaga.

scholarly journals Nesterenkonia alkaliphila sp. nov., an alkaliphilic, halotolerant actinobacteria isolated from the western Pacific Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_2) ◽  
pp. 516-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaiyun Zhang ◽  
Yubian Zhang ◽  
Xijie Yin ◽  
Shuang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Western Pacific

A Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, motile and non-spore-forming actinobacteria, designated strain F10T, was isolated from a deep-sea sediment of the western Pacific Ocean. Phylogenetic and phenotypic properties of the organism supported that it belonged to the genus Nesterenkonia . Strain F10T shared highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96.8 % with Nesterenkonia aethiopica DSM 17733T, followed by Nesterenkonia xinjiangensis YIM 70097T (96.7 %) and Nesterenkonia alba CAAS 252T (96.6 %). The organism grew at 4–50 °C, at pH 7.0–12.0 and in the presence of 0–12 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimal growth occurring at 40 °C, at pH 9.0 and in the presence of 1 % (w/v) NaCl. The peptidoglycan type was A4(alpha), l-Lys–Gly–l-Glu. The polar lipid profile of strain F10T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, two unknown glycolipids and two unknown lipids. The isolate contained MK-9 (92 %) and MK-8 (5.8 %) as the major components of the menaquinone system, and anteiso-C17 : 0 (50.9 %) and anteiso-C15 : 0 (29.8 %) as the predominant fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain F10T was 66.2 mol%. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain F10T represents a novel species of the genus Nesterenkonia for which the name Nesterenkonia alkaliphila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is F10T ( = LMG 28112T = CGMCC 1.12781T = JCM 19766T = MCCC 1A09946T).

Orbus sasakiae sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from the gut of the butterfly Sasakia charonda, and emended description of the genus Orbus

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1766-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Yong Kim ◽  
Jina Lee ◽  
Na-Ri Shin ◽  
Ji-Hyun Yun ◽  
Tae Woong Whon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Unidentified Phospholipid ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Emended Description ◽  
Major Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Sasakia Charonda

A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile and coccus-shaped bacterium, strain C7T, was isolated from the gut of the butterfly Sasakia charonda. Strain C7T grew optimally at 20–25 °C, at pH 7–8 and with 1 % (w/v) NaCl. The strain was negative for oxidase activity but positive for catalase activity. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain C7T and Orbus hercynius CN3T shared 96.8 % similarity. The major fatty acids identified were C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 2 (comprising C14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C16 : 1). The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). The polar lipids of strain C7T were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified aminophospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA extracted from strain C7T was 32.1 mol%. Taken together, the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses indicate that strain C7T represents a novel species of the genus Orbus , for which the name Orbus sasakiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is C7T ( = KACC 16544T = JCM 18050T). An emended description of the genus Orbus is provided.

Aquimarina megaterium sp. nov., isolated from seawater

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Yu ◽  
Zenghu Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyang Fan ◽  
Xiaochong Shi ◽  
Xiao-Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Gliding Motility ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program

A novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-flagellated, strictly aerobic strain with gliding motility, designated XH134T, was isolated from surface seawater of the South Pacific Gyre (45° 58′ S 163° 11′ W) during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 329. The major respiratory quinone of strain XH134T was MK-6. The dominant fatty acids of strain XH134T were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH and 10-methyl C16 : 0 and/or iso-C17 : 1ω9c. The polar lipids of strain XH134T comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, one unknown aminolipid and three unknown polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain XH134T was 32.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the novel strain was related most closely to Aquimarina macrocephali JAMB N27T with 96.9 % sequence similarity. A number of phenotypic characteristics distinguished strain XH134T from described members of the genus Aquimarina . On the basis of combined phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain XH134T represents a novel species of the genus Aquimarina , for which the name Aquimarina megaterium sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XH134T ( = CGMCC 1.12186T = JCM 18215T).

Jeongeupia chitinilytica sp. nov., a chitinolytic bacterium isolated from soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 934-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Ming Chen ◽  
Rey-Chang Chang ◽  
Chih-Yu Cheng ◽  
Yu-Wen Shiau ◽  
Shih-Yi Sheu
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Novel Bacterium

A novel bacterium, designated strain JchiT, was isolated from soil in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain JchiT were aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, motile and rod-shaped. They contained poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules and formed dark-yellow colonies. Growth occurred at 20–37 °C (optimum between 25 and 30 °C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum between pH 7.0 and pH 8.0) and with 0–2 % NaCl (optimum between 0 and 1 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JchiT belonged to the genus Jeongeupia and that its closest neighbour was Jeongeupia naejangsanensis BIO-TAS4-2T (98.0 % sequence similarity). The major fatty acids (>10 %) of strain JchiT were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. The major cellular hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH. The isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 and the genomic DNA G+C content was 66.1 mol%. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine and two unidentified phospholipids. The DNA–DNA relatedness value between strain JchiT and J. naejangsanensis BIO-TAS4-2T was about 41.0 %. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic data, strain JchiT represents a novel species in the genus Jeongeupia , for which the name Jeongeupia chitinilytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JchiT ( = BCRC 80367T  = KCTC 23701T).

Nocardiopsis coralli sp. nov. a novel actinobacterium isolated from the coral Galaxea astreata

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenfa Li ◽  
Qingyi Xie ◽  
Shuangqing Zhou ◽  
Fandong Kong ◽  
Yun Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol Mannosides

Strain HNM0947T, representing a novel actinobacterium, was isolated from the coral Galaxea astreata collected from the coast of Wenchang, Hainan, China. The strain was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics consistent with the genus Nocardiopsis . The organism formed abundant fragmented substrate mycelia and aerial mycelia which differentiated into non-motile, rod-shaped spores. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and no diagnostic sugars. The major menaquinones were MK-10(H8), MK-10(H6) and MK-10(H4). The major phospholipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The major fatty acids were iso-C16:0, anteiso-C17:0, C18:0, C18:0 10-methyl (TBSA) and anteiso-C15:0. The G+C content was 71.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HNM0947T belonged to the genus Nocardiopsis and shared highest sequence similarity to Nocardiopsis salina YIM 90010T (98.8%), Nocardiopsis xinjiangensis YIM 90004T(98.5%) and Nocardiopsis kunsanensis DSM 44524T (98.3%). The strain HNM0947T was distinguished from its closest type strain by low average nucleotide identity (90.8%) and dDDH values (60.4%) respectively. Based on genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics, it was concluded that strain HNM0947T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardiopsis whose name was proposed as Nocardiopsis coralli sp. nov. The type strain was HNM0947T (=CCTCC AA 2020015 T=KCTC 49525 T).

Sediminihaliea albiluteola gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Halieaceae, isolated from marine sediment

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Jiang ◽  
Feng-Bai Lian ◽  
You-Yang Sun ◽  
Xiao-Kui Zhang ◽  
Zong-Jun Du
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Unidentified Phospholipid ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sequence Similarities

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped and facultatively aerobic bacterial strain, designated F7430T, was isolated from coastal sediment collected at Jingzi Wharf in Weihai, PR China. Cells of strain F7430T were 0.3–0.4 µm wide, 2.0–2.6 µm long, non-flagellated, non-motile and formed pale-beige colonies. Growth was observed at 4–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.5–8.0) and at NaCl concentrations of 1.0–10.0 % (w/v; optimum, 1.0 %). The sole respiratory quinone of strain F7430T was ubiquinone 8 and the predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1  ω7c / C18 : 1  ω6c; 60.7 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1  ω7c/C16 : 1  ω6c; 30.2 %) and C15 : 0 iso (13.9 %). The polar lipids of strain F7430T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, one unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequences analyses indicated that this strain belonged to the family Halieaceae and had high sequence similarities to Parahaliea aestuarii JCM 51547T (95.3 %) and Halioglobus pacificus DSM 27932T (95.2 %) followed by 92.9–95.0 % sequence similarities to other type species within the aforementioned family. The rpoB gene sequences analyses indicated that the novel strain had the highest sequence similarities to Parahaliea aestuarii JCM 51547T (82.2 %) and Parahaliea mediterranea DSM 21924T (82.2 %) followed by 75.2–80.5 % sequence similarities to other type species within this family. Phylogenetic analyses showed that strain F7430T constituted a monophyletic branch clearly separated from the other genera of family Halieaceae . Whole-genome sequencing of strain F7430T revealed a 3.3 Mbp genome size with a DNA G+C content of 52.6 mol%. The genome encoded diverse metabolic pathways including the Entner–Doudoroff pathway, assimilatory sulphate reduction and biosynthesis of dTDP-l-rhamnose. Based on results from the current polyphasic study, strain F7430T is proposed to represent a novel species of a new genus within the family Halieaceae , for which the name Sediminihaliea albiluteola gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is F7430T (=KCTC 72873T=MCCC 1H00420T).

Eikenella glucosivorans sp. nov., isolated from a human throat swab, and emendation of the genus Eikenella to include saccharolytic species

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Hering ◽  
Moritz K. Jansson ◽  
Michael E. J. Buhl
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Bacterium Strain

A novel species within the genus Eikenella is described, based on the phenotypical, biochemical and genetic characterization of a strain of a facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium. Strain S3360T was isolated from the throat swab of a patient sampled during routine care at a hospital. Phylogenetic analyses (full-length 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences) placed the strain in the genus Eikenella , separate from all recognized species but with the closest relationship to Eikenella longinqua (NML 02-A-017T). Eikenella is one of the genera in the HACEK group known to be responsible for rare cases of endocarditis in humans. Until the recent descriptions of Eikenella exigua , Eikenella halliae and Eikenella longinqua , Eikenella corrodens had been the only validly published species in this genus since its description as Bacteroides corrodens in 1958. Unlike these species, strain S3360T is able to metabolize carbohydrates (glucose). The average nucleotide identities of strain S3360T with E. longinqua (NML 02-A-017T) and E. corrodens (NCTC 10596T), the type species of the genus, were 90.5 and 84.7 %, respectively, and the corresponding genome-to-genome distance values were 41.3 and 29.0 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain S3360T was 58.4 mol%. Based on the phenotypical, biochemical and genetic findings, strain S3360T is considered to represent a novel species within the genus Eikenella , for which the name Eikenella glucosivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S3360T (DSM 110714T=CCOS 1935T=CCUG 74293T). In addition, an emendation of the genus Eikenella is proposed to include species which are saccharolytic.

Actinomyces marmotae sp. nov. and Actinomyces procaprae sp. nov. isolated from wild animals and reclassification of Actinomyces liubingyangii and Actinomyces tangfeifanii as Boudabousia liubingyangii comb. nov. and Boudabousia tangfeifanii comb. nov., respectively

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caixin Yang ◽  
Yibo Bai ◽  
Kui Dong ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Xin-He Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Pr China ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Four Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterial strains (zg-325T, zg329, dk561T and dk752) were isolated from the respiratory tract of marmot (Marmota himalayana) and the faeces of Tibetan gazelle (Procapra picticaudata) from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of PR China. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analyses indicated that strains zg-325T and dk561T represent members of the genus Actinomyces , most similar to Actinomyces denticolens DSM 20671T and Actinomyces ruminicola B71T, respectively. The DNA G+C contents of strains zg-325T and dk561T were 71.6 and 69.3 mol%, respectively. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization values of strains zg-325T and dk561T with their most closely related species were below the 70 % threshold for species demarcation. The four strains grew best at 35 °C in air containing 5 % CO2 on brain heart infusion (BHI) agar with 5 % sheep blood. All four strains had C18:1ω9c and C16:0 as the major cellular fatty acids. MK-8 and MK-9 were the major menaquinones in zg-325T while MK-10 was predominant in dk561T. The major polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol. On the basis of several lines of evidence from phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, zg-325T and dk561T represent novel species of the genus Actinomyces , for which the name Actinomyces marmotae sp. nov. and Actinomyces procaprae sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains are zg-325T (=GDMCC 1.1724T=JCM 34091T) and dk561T (=CGMCC 4.7566T=JCM 33484T). We also propose, on the basis of the phylogenetic results herein, the reclassification of Actinomyces liubingyangii and Actinomyces tangfeifanii as Boudabousia liubingyangii comb. nov. and Boudabousia tangfeifanii comb. nov., respectively.

Mariniflexile maritimum sp. nov., isolated from seawater of the South Sea in the Republic of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Ra Ko ◽  
Ve Van Le ◽  
Long Jin ◽  
Sang-Ah Lee ◽  
Chi-Yong Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The South ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
South Sea ◽  
The Republic

A novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic, non-motile bacterial strain, designated M5A1MT, was isolated from seawater collected from the South Sea of the Republic of Korea. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain M5A1MT was closely related to Mariniflexile gromovii KMM 6038T (95.3 %), Mariniflexile fucanivorans SW5T (95.2 %), Mariniflexile soesokkakense RSSK-9T (95.1 %), Yeosuana aromativorans GW1-1T (94.6 %) and Confluentibacter lentus HJM-3T (94.6 %). Genome-based phylogenetic analyses revealed that strain M5A1MT formed a distinct cluster with the type strains of the genus Mariniflexile . The major cellular fatty acid constituents (>5 % of the total fatty acids) were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C16:03-OH and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The respiratory quinone was identified as MK-6. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified polar lipid. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain M5A1MT was determined to be 37.7 mol%. On the basis of its phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain M5A1MT is considered to represent a novel species within the genus Mariniflexile , for which the name Mariniflexile maritimum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is M5A1MT (=KCTC 72895T=JCM 33982T).

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