scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Listeria monocytogenes in Seafoods and Seafood-Processing Plants

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 4779-4784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liv Marit Rørvik ◽  
Brit Aase ◽  
Torill Alvestad ◽  
Dominique A. Caugant
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Seafood Products ◽  
Great Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seafood Processing

ABSTRACT To evaluate the role of seafoods in the epidemiology of human listeriosis and the role of the processing environment as a source ofListeria monocytogenes in seafood products, 305 L. monocytogenes isolates were characterized by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis using 21 genetic loci and restriction enzyme analysis of total DNA. Forty-four isolates were recovered from patients in Norway; 93 were isolated from seafoods, seafood-processing environments, and seawater from 55 different producers; and the remaining 168 isolates originated from six seafood-processing plants and one transport terminal examined in detail for L. monocytogenes. The patient isolates fell into 11 electrophoretic types, with four of them being responsible for 77% of the listeriosis cases in 1992 to 1996. Isolates from Norwegian seafoods and processing environments showed great genetic diversity, indicating that seafoods and seafood-processing environments do not offer a niche for specificL. monocytogenes strains. On the other hand, isolates from individual processing plants were genetically more homogenous, showing that plants are likely to be colonized with specific subclones ofL. monocytogenes. The isolation of identical subclones ofL. monocytogenes from both human patients and seafoods, including ready-to-eat products, suggests that such products may have been possible sources for listeriosis cases in Norway.

scholarly journals Comparison of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE), ribotyping, restriction enzyme analysis (REA) and phage typing for typing ofListeria monocytogenes

1993 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Nørrung ◽  
P. Gerner-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Phage Typing ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Typing Method ◽  
Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Serotype 1 ◽  
Typing Methods

SummaryThe discriminatory power of four methods for typing ofListeria monocytogeneswas compared. The four methods were multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE), ribotyping, restriction enzyme analysis (REA), and a newly developed Danish phage typing system. Ninety-nine human clinical, food and slaughterhouse isolates ofListeria monocytogeneswere typed by each method. The most discriminatory single typing method was phage typing with an overall discriminatory index (DI) of 0·88 followed by REA, MEE and ribotyping with DI-values at 0·87, 0·83 and 0·79 respectively. Considering strains from each of the two predominant O-serotypes alone, serotype 1 was best discriminated by the molecular typing methods, in particular REA, which showed a DI of 0·92. The serotype 4 strains were best discriminated by phage typing (DI = 0·78). If two or more typing methods were combined, the combination of REA and MEE were found to be the most discriminatory combination. The DI values were 0·96, 0·74 and 0·90 for serotype 1, 4, and both combined, respectively. Phage typing is a rapid and inexpensive typing method but not as reproducible as the molecular typing methods. It is the most suitable method for mass screening. In situations where results are required to be highly reliable, i.e. when studying the relationships between only a few strains, a single or a combination of molecular typing methods should be used, preferable MEE and REA.

scholarly journals Dynamics of mobile genetic elements of Listeria monocytogenes persisting in ready-to-eat seafood processing plants in France

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Palma ◽  
Thomas Brauge ◽  
Nicolas Radomski ◽  
Ludovic Mallet ◽  
Arnaud Felten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Seafood Processing

Relationship between Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp. in Seafood Processing Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1279-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
WALID Q. ALALI ◽  
DONALD W. SCHAFFNER
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Food Contact ◽  
Food Contact Surfaces ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Contact Surfaces ◽  
Seafood Processing ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes as an outcome and Listeria spp. as an explanatory variable by food products, food contact surfaces, and nonfood contact surfaces in seafood processing plants by using peer-reviewed published data. Nine sets of prevalence data of L. monocytogenes and Listeria spp. were collected from published studies and used for the analyses. Based on our analysis, the relationship between L. monocytogenes prevalence and Listeria spp. prevalence in food products (incoming raw materials and finish products) was significant (P = 0.04) with (low) R2 = 0.36. Furthermore, Listeria spp. were not a good indicator for L. monocytogenes when testing food contact surfaces (R2= 0.10). Listeria spp. were a good indicator for L. monocytogenes only on nonfood contact surfaces (R2= 0.90). On the other hand, the presence of Listeria spp. on food contact surfaces (R2= 0.002) and nonfood contact surfaces (R2= 0.03) was not a good indicator for L. monocytogenes presence in food products. In general, prevalence of Listeria spp. does not seem to be a good indicator for L. monocytogenes prevalence in seafood processing plants.

Division of Listeria monocytogenesSerovar 1/2a Strains into Two Groups by PCR and Restriction Enzyme Analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 2054-2056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle Unnerstad ◽  
Inger Nilsson ◽  
Henrik Ericsson ◽  
Marie-Louise Danielsson-Tham ◽  
Jacques Bille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Profile ◽  
Pcr Product

ABSTRACT Altogether, 100 strains of Listeria monocytogenesserovar 1/2a isolated from humans, animals, food, and the environment were typed by a combination of PCR and restriction enzyme analysis (REA). A PCR product of 2,916 bp, containing the downstream end of the gene inlA (955 bp), the space between inlA andinlB (85 bp), and 1,876 bp of the gene inlB, was cleaved with the enzyme AluI, and the fragments generated were separated by gel electrophoresis. By this method two different cleavage patterns were obtained. Seventy of the 100 strains shared one restriction profile, and the remaining 30 strains shared the second one. No relation was found between the types differentiated by PCR-REA and the origins of the strains.

scholarly journals Listeria monocytogenes Associated with New Zealand Seafood Production and Clinical Cases: Unique Sequence Types, Truncated InlA, and Attenuated Invasiveness

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1489-1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina D. Cruz ◽  
Andrew R. Pitman ◽  
Sally A. Harrow ◽  
Graham C. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Premature Stop Codon ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Seafood Processing ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Clinical Cases

ABSTRACTListeriosis is caused by the food-borne pathogenListeria monocytogenes, which can be found in seafood and processing plants. To evaluate the risk to human health associated with seafood production in New Zealand, multi-virulence-locus sequence typing (MVLST) was used to define the sequence types (STs) of 31L. monocytogenesisolates collected from seafood-processing plants, 15 from processed foods, and 6 from human listeriosis cases. The STs of these isolates were then compared with those from a collection of seafood isolates and epidemic strains from overseas. A total of 17 STs from New Zealand clustered into two lineages: seafood-related isolates in lineages I and II and all human isolates in lineage II. None of the New Zealand STs matched previously described STs from other countries. Isolates (belonging to ST01-N and ST03-N) from mussels and their processing environments, however, were identical to those of sporadic listeriosis cases in New Zealand. ST03-N isolates (16 from mussel-processing environments, 2 from humans, and 1 from a mussel) contained aninlApremature stop codon (PMSC) mutation. Therefore, the levels of invasiveness of 22 isolates from ST03-N and the three other common STs were compared using human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell lines. STs carryinginlAPMSCs, including ST03-N isolates associated with clinical cases, had a low invasion phenotype. The close relatedness of some clinical and environmental strains, as revealed by identical MVLST profiles, suggests that local and persistent environmental strains in seafood-processing environments pose a potential health risk. Furthermore, a PMSC ininlAdoes not appear to giveL. monocytogenesa noninvasive profile.

scholarly journals Division of Listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b strains into two groups by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis.

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 3872-3874 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ericsson ◽  
P Stålhandske ◽  
M L Danielsson-Tham ◽  
E Bannerman ◽  
J Bille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis

Restriction Enzyme Analysis in the Epidemiology of Listeria Monocytogenes

1990 ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene V. Wesley ◽  
Ronald D. Wesley ◽  
Judy Heisick ◽  
Fannie Harrell ◽  
Dean Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of Mycoplasma mycoides cluster strains from goats in Chongqing, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoju Wang ◽  
Li Ni ◽  
Hongjun Yang ◽  
Limin Xu ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Mycoplasma Species ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Mycoplasma Mycoides

AbstractIn order to evaluate the prevalence of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster in goats in Chongqing, China, an epidemiological survey in this area was carried out. A total of 68 samples were subjected to bacteria isolation on Hartley’s medium. Four isolates (three from lung tissue and one from nasal discharges) were recovered from the samples and identified as the Mycoplasma species by their morphological and biochemical characteristics. They were further confirmed by PCR using 16S rRNA specific primer pairs and by restriction enzyme analysis. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates indicated that some strains had developed resistance to the antibiotics tested. This is the first report on the isolation, identification, and molecular characterisation of Mycoplasma species isolated from goats in Chongqing. This study also revealed a prevalence of Mycoplasma species infection in goats in this area.

Biodiversity ofLactobacillus helveticusbacteriophages isolated from cheese whey starters

2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Zago ◽  
Barbara Bonvini ◽  
Lia Rossetti ◽  
Aurora Meucci ◽  
Giorgio Giraffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Total Dna

Twenty-oneLactobacillus helveticusbacteriophages, 18 isolated from different cheese whey starters and three from CNRZ collection, were phenotypically and genetically characterised. A biodiversity between phages was evidenced both by host range and molecular (RAPD-PCR) typing. A more detailed characterisation of six phages showed similar structural protein profiles and a relevant genetic biodiversity, as shown by restriction enzyme analysis of total DNA. Latent period, burst time and burst size data evidenced that phages were active and virulent. Overall, data highlighted the biodiversity ofLb. helveticusphages isolated from cheese whey starters, which were confirmed to be one of the most common phage contamination source in dairy factories. More research is required to further unravel the ecological role ofLb. helveticusphages and to evaluate their impact on the dairy fermentation processes where whey starter cultures are used.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation by Listeria monocytogenes 15G01, a Persistent Isolate from a Seafood-Processing Plant, Is Influenced by Inactivation of Multiple Genes Belonging to Different Functional Groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessika Nowak ◽  
Sandra B. Visnovsky ◽  
Andrew R. Pitman ◽  
Cristina D. Cruz ◽  
Jon Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Genes ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Biofilm Structure ◽  
Seafood Processing

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous foodborne pathogen that results in a high rate of mortality in sensitive and immunocompromised people. Contamination of food with L. monocytogenes is thought to occur during food processing, most often as a result of the pathogen producing a biofilm that persists in the environment and acting as the source for subsequent dispersal of cells onto food. A survey of seafood-processing plants in New Zealand identified the persistent strain 15G01, which has a high capacity to form biofilms. In this study, a transposon library of L. monocytogenes 15G01 was screened for mutants with altered biofilm formation, assessed by a crystal violet assay, to identify genes involved in biofilm formation. This screen identified 36 transposants that showed a significant change in biofilm formation compared to the wild type. The insertion sites were in 27 genes, 20 of which led to decreased biofilm formation and seven to an increase. Two insertions were in intergenic regions. Annotation of the genes suggested that they are involved in diverse cellular processes, including stress response, autolysis, transporter systems, and cell wall/membrane synthesis. Analysis of the biofilms produced by the transposants using scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy showed notable differences in the structure of the biofilms compared to the wild type. In particular, inactivation of uvrB and mltD produced coccoid-shaped cells and elongated cells in long chains, respectively, and the mgtB mutant produced a unique biofilm with a sandwich structure which was reversed to the wild-type level upon magnesium addition. The mltD transposant was successfully complemented with the wild-type gene, whereas the phenotypes were not or only partially restored for the remaining mutants. IMPORTANCE The major source of contamination of food with Listeria monocytogenes is thought to be due to biofilm formation and/or persistence in food-processing plants. By establishing as a biofilm, L. monocytogenes cells become harder to eradicate due to their increased resistance to environmental threats. Understanding the genes involved in biofilm formation and their influence on biofilm structure will help identify new ways to eliminate harmful biofilms in food processing environments. To date, multiple genes have been identified as being involved in biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes; however, the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study identified four genes associated with biofilm formation by a persistent strain. Extensive microscopic analysis illustrated the effect of the disruption of mgtB, clsA, uvrB, and mltD and the influence of magnesium on the biofilm structure. The results strongly suggest an involvement in biofilm formation for the four genes and provide a basis for further studies to analyze gene regulation to assess the specific role of these biofilm-associated genes.

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