scholarly journals Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Involving Novel Genotypes in Wildlife from Lower New York State

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1154-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Perz ◽  
Sylvie M. Le Blancq
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
New York State ◽  
Genotype 4 ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
York State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
Pcr Products

ABSTRACT Cryptosporidium, an enteric parasite of humans and a wide range of other mammals, presents numerous challenges to the supply of safe drinking water. We performed a wildlife survey, focusing on white-tailed deer and small mammals, to assess whether they may serve as environmental sources of Cryptosporidium. A PCR-based approach that permitted genetic characterization via sequence analysis was applied to wildlife fecal samples (n = 111) collected from September 1996 to July 1998 from three areas in lower New York State. Southern analysis revealed 22 fecal samples containingCryptosporidium small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal DNA; these included 10 of 91 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) samples, 3 of 5 chipmunk (Tamias striatus) samples, 1 of 2 white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) samples, 1 of 2 striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) samples, 1 of 5 racoon (Procyon lotor) samples, and 6 of 6 muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) samples. All of the 15 SSU PCR products sequenced were characterized asCryptosporidium parvum; two were identical to genotype 2 (bovine), whereas the remainder belonged to two novel SSU sequence groups, designated genotypes 3 and 4. Genotype 3 comprised four deer-derived sequences, whereas genotype 4 included nine sequences from deer, mouse, chipmunk, and muskrat samples. PCR analysis was performed on the SSU-positive fecal samples for three otherCryptosporidium loci (dihydrofolate reductase, polythreonine-rich protein, and beta-tubulin), and 8 of 10 cloned PCR products were consistent with C. parvum genotype 2. These data provide evidence that there is sylvatic transmission of C. parvum involving deer and other small mammals. This study affirmed the importance of wildlife as potential sources ofCryptosporidium in the catchments of public water supplies.

scholarly journals Prevalence ofBorrelia burgdorferiin Small Mammals in New York State

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 924-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Oliver ◽  
Robert G. Means ◽  
Sarah Kogut ◽  
Melissa Prusinski ◽  
John J. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
New York State ◽  
York State

scholarly journals Taxa of Leafhoppers Carrying Phytoplasmas at Sites of Ash Yellows Occurrence in New York State

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Hill ◽  
W. A. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
York State ◽  
Aster Yellows ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Abundant Genus

Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) populations were sampled and leafhopper carriers of ash yellows (AshY) phytoplasmas were identified as first steps toward vector identification. Nearly 5,000 leafhoppers were collected in malaise traps at two sites of high AshY incidence in New York state in 1996 and 1997. These insects comprised 33 taxa, including representatives of 13 genera known to contain phytoplasma vectors. The most abundant genus was Scaphoideus, with numbers about six times greater than any other genus. A total of 1,632 insects were assayed individually for phytoplasmas by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of phytoplasmal 16S rDNA and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of PCR products using restriction enzymes TaqI and RsaI separately. Phytoplasmas were detected in 35 insects, all but one in the subfamily Deltocephalinae. AshY phytoplasmas were detected in 19 of 812 individuals of Scaphoideus spp. and 1 of 87 of Colladonus clitellarius. Phytoplasmas of the Prunus X-disease group were detected in 1 Scaphoideus sp., 4 individuals of C. clitellarius, and 4 of 83 Scaphytopius acutus individuals. Phytoplasmas of the aster yellows group were detected in 1 of 68 individuals of Gyponana spp. and 5 of S. acutus. AshY phytoplasma carriers merit testing for possible vector ability.

scholarly journals THE HEALTH-RELATED TASKS PAID CAREGIVERS IN NEW YORK STATE PERFORM IN THE HOME

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S216-S216
Author(s):  
Jennifer M Reckrey ◽  
Emma Tsui ◽  
R S Morrison ◽  
Emma Geduldig ◽  
Robyn Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
New York State ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
York State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Paid Caregivers ◽  
At Home

Abstract Paid caregivers (e.g. home health aides, personal care attendants) are formally tasked with helping older adults with functional impairment meet their basic needs at home. This study used semi-structured interviews (n=30) with dyads of patients or their proxies and their paid caregivers in New York City to 1) understand the range of health-related tasks paid caregivers perform in the home and 2) determine if these tasks are taught in the New York State government’s Department of Health curricula. We found that patients, proxies, and paid caregivers all described that paid caregivers performed a wide range of health-related tasks that were often not a part of their formal training. Creating clear competencies for paid caregivers that reflect the full breadth of health-related tasks they may perform at home will help maximize the potentially positive impact of the paid caregiver workforce on the lives of patients living at home with functional impairment.

A Technical Overview of the New York State Mesonet Standard Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1827-1845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald A. Brotzge ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
C. D. Thorncroft ◽  
E. Joseph ◽  
N. Bain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
New York State ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Weather Extremes ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
York State ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe New York State Mesonet (NYSM) is a network of 126 standard environmental monitoring stations deployed statewide with an average spacing of 27 km. The primary goal of the NYSM is to provide high-quality weather data at high spatial and temporal scales to improve atmospheric monitoring and prediction, especially for extreme weather events. As compared with other statewide networks, the NYSM faced considerable deployment obstacles with New York’s complex terrain, forests, and very rural and urban areas; its wide range of weather extremes; and its harsh winter conditions. To overcome these challenges, the NYSM adopted a number of innovations unique among statewide monitoring systems, including 1) strict adherence to international siting standards and metadata documentation; 2) a hardened system design to facilitate continued operations during extreme, high-impact weather; 3) a station design optimized to monitor winter weather conditions; and 4) a camera installed at every site to aid situational awareness. The network was completed in spring of 2018 and provides data and products to a variety of sectors including weather monitoring and forecasting, emergency management, agriculture, transportation, utilities, and education. This paper focuses on the standard network of the NYSM and reviews the network siting, site configuration, sensors, site communications and power, network operations and maintenance, data quality control, and dissemination. A few example analyses are shown that highlight the benefits of the NYSM.

scholarly journals Long-term Effects of Training Systems and Rootstocks on ‘McIntosh’ and ‘Honeycrisp’ Performance, a 20-year Study in a Northern Cold Climate—Part 2: Economic Analysis

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 978-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume Lordan ◽  
Anna Wallis ◽  
Poliana Francescatto ◽  
Terence L. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
New York State ◽  
Training System ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
York State ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Wide Range

Orchard profitability relies on multiple factors such as cultivar, planting density, training system, rootstock, and fruit quality but is also strongly affected by growing climate and soil resources. To evaluate orchard profitability in a northern cold climate, a field trial was planted in Peru, Clinton County, NY, in 2002, with two apple cultivars (Honeycrisp and McIntosh), where we compared the Central Leader (CL) training system on ‘M.M.111’ rootstock; Slender Pyramid (SP) on ‘M.26’ and ‘Geneva® 30’ (‘G.30’); Vertical Axis (VA) on ‘M.9 (Nic® 29)’ (‘M.9’), ‘Budagovsky 9’ (‘B.9’), and ‘G.16’; SolAxe (SA) on ‘M.9’, ‘B.9’, and ‘G.16’; and Tall Spindle (TS) on ‘M.9’, ‘B.9’, and ‘G.16’. CL was planted at 539 trees/ha, SP at 1097 trees/ha, VA and SA at 1794 trees/ha, and TS at 3230 trees/ha. The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic profitability of ‘Honeycrisp’ and ‘McIntosh’ at a wide range of planting densities, training systems, and rootstocks for cold areas such as northern New York state. A secondary goal was to assess the effect of various economic factors on the net present value (NPV) of each combination of training system, rootstock, and density. High NPV was achieved with ‘Honeycrisp’ (≈$450,000/ha), whereas NPV was significantly lower with ‘McIntosh’ (≈$80,000/ha). Within ≈5 years, ‘Honeycrisp’ planted in a TS (3230 trees/ha) reached a positive NPV, whereas 9 years were needed when ‘Honeycrisp’ was planted in a CL system at 539 trees/ha. With ‘McIntosh’, break-even year to positive NPV (BYPNPV) was reached at 9 years for TS on ‘M.9’. Most of the other training system and rootstock combinations needed up to 11–13 years to show a positive NPV. The most important variables affecting orchard NPV in our trial were fruit price and yield. The best option for ‘Honeycrisp’ in northern New York State appears to be TS on either ‘B.9’ or ‘M.9’, whereas with ‘McIntosh’, the best option appears to be TS on ‘M.9’.

scholarly journals Habitat Structure Associated withBorrelia burgdorferiPrevalence in Small Mammals in New York State

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Prusinski ◽  
Haiyan Chen ◽  
Jason M. Drobnack ◽  
Sarah J. Kogut ◽  
Robert G. Means ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Habitat Structure ◽  
New York State ◽  
York State

NOTES ON SOME FLEAS OF NEW YORK STATE

1943 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 177-177
Author(s):  
E. W. Jameson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
New York State ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Short List ◽  
York State ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Host Distribution ◽  
Central New York

During the course of field work with small mammals in central New York, the writer made a collection of fleas. Those records which give additional information on the host distribution of these parasites, are listed below. Some significant records from the Cornell University collection are also cited. This short list will serve to supplement the checklist of fleas for New York State of Stewart (1933, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 41:253-262). The availability of the Cornell collection was made through the kindness of Dr. Robert Matheson, and to him I tender my thanks.

scholarly journals Public domain small-area cancer incidence data for New York State, 2005-2009

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis P. Boscoe ◽  
Thomas O. Talbot ◽  
Martin Kulldorff
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
New York State ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
York State ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cancer Incidence Data

There has long been a demand for cancer incidence data at a fine geographic resolution for use in etiologic hypothesis generation and testing, methodological evaluation and teaching. In this paper we describe a public domain dataset containing data for 23 anatomic sites of cancer diagnosed in New York State, USA between 2005 and 2009 at the census block group level. The dataset includes 524,503 tumours distributed across 13,823 block groups with an average population of about 1400. In addition, the data have been linked with race/ethnicity and with socioeconomic indicators such as income, educational attainment and language proficiency. We demonstrate the application of the dataset by confirming two well-established relationships: that between breast cancer and median household income and that between stomach cancer and Asian race. We foresee that this dataset will serve as the basis for a wide range of spatial analyses and as a benchmark for evaluating spatial methods in the future.

THE SALIVARY GLAND CHROMOSOMES OF TWO SIBLING SPECIES OF BLACK FLIES INCLUDED IN EUSIMULIUM AUREUM FRIES

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
New York State ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
York State ◽  
Wide Range

Two closely related dichromosomic sibling species of Eusimulium "aureum" were segregated cytologically in populations sampled from the Toronto area. The known range of these two so far included southern Ontario and Quebec, and New York State. Both siblings have extremely similar salivary gland chromosomes but they differ by four homozygously rearranged regions, all in the first chromosome, and in the degree of chromosomal polymorphism. Although sympatric over a wide range, the two siblings do not interbreed as evidenced by the failure to find critical heterozygous loops for the interspecific inversions, and the absence of common intraspecific inversions. Therefore the siblings represent two biologically distinct species.

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