scholarly journals The Oxygenase CAO-1 of Neurospora crassa Is a Resveratrol Cleavage Enzyme

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1305-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Díaz-Sánchez ◽  
Alejandro F. Estrada ◽  
M. Carmen Limón ◽  
Salim Al-Babili ◽  
Javier Avalos
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carotenoid Metabolism ◽  
Cleavage Enzyme ◽  
Β Carotene

ABSTRACT The genome of the ascomycete Neurospora crassa encodes CAO-1 and CAO-2, two members of the carotenoid cleavage oxygenase family that target double bonds in different substrates. Previous studies demonstrated the role of CAO-2 in cleaving the C 40 carotene torulene, a key step in the synthesis of the C 35 apocarotenoid pigment neurosporaxanthin. In this work, we investigated the activity of CAO-1, assuming that it may provide retinal, the chromophore of the NOP-1 rhodopsin, by cleaving β-carotene. For this purpose, we tested CAO-1 activity with carotenoid substrates that were, however, not converted. In contrast and consistent with its sequence similarity to family members that act on stilbenes, CAO-1 cleaved the interphenyl Cα-Cβ double bond of resveratrol and its derivative piceatannol. CAO-1 did not convert five other similar stilbenes, indicating a requirement for a minimal number of unmodified hydroxyl groups in the stilbene background. Confirming its biological function in converting stilbenes, adding resveratrol led to a pronounced increase in cao-1 mRNA levels, while light, a key regulator of carotenoid metabolism, did not alter them. Targeted Δ cao-1 mutants were not impaired by the presence of resveratrol, a phytoalexin active against different fungi, which did not significantly affect the growth and development of wild-type Neurospora . However, under partial sorbose toxicity, the Δ cao-1 colonies exhibited faster radial growth than control strains in the presence of resveratrol, suggesting a moderate toxic effect of resveratrol cleavage products.

scholarly journals Identification of a PRC2 Accessory Subunit Required for Subtelomeric H3K27 Methylation in Neurospora crassa

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. McNaught ◽  
Elizabeth T. Wiles ◽  
Eric U. Selker
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ◽  
H3k27 Methylation ◽  
Accessory Subunit ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Similarity Searches

ABSTRACT Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzes methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27) in genomic regions of most eukaryotes and is critical for maintenance of the associated transcriptional repression. However, the mechanisms that shape the distribution of H3K27 methylation, such as recruitment of PRC2 to chromatin and/or stimulation of PRC2 activity, are unclear. Here, using a forward genetic approach in the model organism Neurospora crassa, we identified two alleles of a gene, NCU04278, encoding an unknown PRC2 accessory subunit (PAS). Loss of PAS resulted in losses of H3K27 methylation concentrated near the chromosome ends and derepression of a subset of associated subtelomeric genes. Immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry confirmed reciprocal interactions between PAS and known PRC2 subunits, and sequence similarity searches demonstrated that PAS is not unique to N. crassa. PAS homologs likely influence the distribution of H3K27 methylation and underlying gene repression in a variety of fungal lineages.

scholarly journals Role of Four Calcium Transport Proteins, Encoded bynca-1,nca-2,nca-3, andcax, in Maintaining Intracellular Calcium Levels in Neurospora crassa

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 654-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry J. Bowman ◽  
Stephen Abreu ◽  
Emilio Margolles-Clark ◽  
Marija Draskovic ◽  
Emma Jean Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Calcium Transport ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transport Proteins ◽  
Cell Fractionation ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Normal Medium ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cell Fractions

ABSTRACTWe have examined the distribution of calcium inNeurospora crassaand investigated the role of four predicted calcium transport proteins. The results of cell fractionation experiments showed 4% of cellular calcium in mitochondria, approximately 11% in a dense vacuolar fraction, 40% in an insoluble form that copurifies with microsomes, and 40% in a high-speed supernatant, presumably from large vacuoles that had broken. Strains lacking NCA-1, a SERCA-type Ca2+-ATPase, or NCA-3, a PMC-type Ca2+-ATPase, had no obvious defects in growth or distribution of calcium. A strain lacking NCA-2, which is also a PMC-type Ca2+-ATPase, grew slowly in normal medium and was unable to grow in high concentrations of calcium tolerated by the wild type. Furthermore, when grown in normal concentrations of calcium (0.68 mM), this strain accumulated 4- to 10-fold more calcium than other strains, elevated in all cell fractions. The data suggest that NCA-2 functions in the plasma membrane to pump calcium out of the cell. In this way, it resembles the PMC-type enzymes of animal cells, not the Pmc1p enzyme inSaccharomyces cerevisiaethat resides in the vacuole. Strains lacking thecaxgene, which encodes a Ca2+/H+exchange protein in vacuolar membranes, accumulate very little calcium in the dense vacuolar fraction but have normal levels of calcium in other fractions. Thecaxknockout strain has no other observable phenotypes. These data suggest that “the vacuole” is heterogeneous and that the dense vacuolar fraction contains an organelle that is dependent upon the CAX transporter for accumulation of calcium, while other components of the vacuolar system have multiple calcium transporters.

scholarly journals Neurospora crassa NKIN2, a Kinesin-3 Motor, Transports Early Endosomes and Is Required for Polarized Growth

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1020-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanze Seidel ◽  
Sergio David Moreno-Velásquez ◽  
Meritxell Riquelme ◽  
Reinhard Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Early Endosome ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Early Endosomes ◽  
Polarized Cells ◽  
Green Fluorescent

ABSTRACT Biological motors are molecular nanomachines, which convert chemical energy into mechanical forces. The combination of mechanoenzymes with structural components, such as the cytoskeleton, enables eukaryotic cells to overcome entropy, generate molecular gradients, and establish polarity. Hyphae of filamentous fungi are among the most polarized cells, and polarity defects are most obvious. Here, we studied the role of the kinesin-3 motor, NKIN2, in Neurospora crassa . We found that NKIN2 localizes as fast-moving spots in the cytoplasm of mature hyphae. To test whether the spots represented early endosomes, the Rab5 GTPase YPT52 was used as an endosomal marker. NKIN2 colocalized with YPT52. Deletion of nkin2 caused strongly reduced endosomal movement. Combined, these results confirm the involvement of NKIN2 in early endosome transport. Introduction of a rigor mutation into NKIN2 labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) resulted in decoration of microtubules. Interestingly, NKIN2 rigor was associated with a subpopulation of microtubules, as had been shown earlier for the Aspergillus nidulans orthologue UncA. Other kinesins did not show this specificity.

scholarly journals Silencing the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Naked Cuticle Gene (nkd) Improves Host Immune Function and Reduces Nosema ceranae Infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (22) ◽  
pp. 6779-6787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfeng Li ◽  
Jay D. Evans ◽  
Qiang Huang ◽  
Cristina Rodríguez-García ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Nosema Ceranae ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bee Disease

ABSTRACTNosema ceranaeis a new and emerging microsporidian parasite of European honey bees,Apis mellifera, that has been implicated in colony losses worldwide. RNA interference (RNAi), a posttranscriptional gene silencing mechanism, has emerged as a potent and specific strategy for controlling infections of parasites and pathogens in honey bees. While previous studies have focused on the silencing of parasite/pathogen virulence factors, we explore here the possibility of silencing a host factor as a mechanism for reducing parasite load. Specifically, we used an RNAi strategy to reduce the expression of a honey bee gene,naked cuticle(nkd), which is a negative regulator of host immune function. Our studies found thatnkdmRNA levels in adult bees were upregulated byN. ceranaeinfection (and thus, the parasite may use this mechanism to suppress host immune function) and that ingestion of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) specific tonkdefficiently silenced its expression. Furthermore, we found that RNAi-mediated knockdown ofnkdtranscripts inNosema-infected bees resulted in upregulation of the expression of several immune genes (Abaecin,Apidaecin,Defensin-1, andPGRP-S2), reduction ofNosemaspore loads, and extension of honey bee life span. The results of our studies clearly indicate that silencing the hostnkdgene can activate honey bee immune responses, suppress the reproduction ofN. ceranae, and improve the overall health of honey bees. This study represents a novel host-derived therapeutic for honey bee disease treatment that merits further exploration.IMPORTANCEGiven the critical role of honey bees in the pollination of agricultural crops, it is urgent to develop strategies to prevent the colony decline induced by the infection of parasites/pathogens. Targeting parasites and pathogens directly by RNAi has been proven to be useful for controlling infections in honey bees, but little is known about the disease impacts of RNAi silencing of host factors. Here, we demonstrate that knocking down the honey bee immune repressor-encodingnkdgene can suppress the reproduction ofN. ceranaeand improve the overall health of honey bees, which highlights the potential role of host-derived and RNAi-based therapeutics in controlling the infections in honey bees. The information obtained from this study will have positive implications for honey bee disease management practices.

scholarly journals The role of the pituitary gland and ACTH in the regulation of mRNAs encoding proteins essential for adrenal steroidogenesis in the late-gestation ovine fetus

2001 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Simmonds ◽  
ID Phillips ◽  
KR Poore ◽  
ID Coghill ◽  
IR Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Steroidogenic Factor 1 ◽  
Chain Cleavage ◽  
Adrenal Steroidogenesis ◽  
Acth Receptor ◽  
Cleavage Enzyme ◽  
Ovine Fetus

To further understand the relative roles of the pituitary gland and ACTH in the regulation of mRNAs encoding proteins that are essential for adrenal development, we investigated the effects of, first, an ACTH infusion and labour in intact fetuses and, secondly, the effect of an ACTH infusion to fetuses with and without a pituitary gland, on the relative abundance of the mRNA encoding for the ACTH receptor (MC2R), steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1), cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450(scc)), 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3betaHSD) and 17alpha-hydroxylase (P450(C17)) in the fetal adrenal gland. ACTH(1-24) infusion (14.7 pmol/kg per h) to intact fetuses was without effect on the abundance of mRNA encoding MC2R and SF-1, irrespective of whether the infusion was given for 18 (115-132 days of gestation) or 32 days (115 days to term (147 days of gestation)). Hypophysectomy (HX) did not alter the expression of MC2R mRNA; however, the abundance of SF-1 mRNA fell by approximately 50% following the removal of the pituitary gland. ACTH(1-24) infusion to HX fetuses failed to restore levels of SF-1 mRNA to that seen in intact animals. P450(scc) and 3betaHSD mRNAs were increased by ACTH(1-24) infusion for 18 days in intact animals, although no effects of the infusion were seen on P450(C17) mRNA levels. For all three of these mRNAs, there was a significant increase in their abundance between 132 days of gestation and term in intact fetuses. By term, ACTH(1-24) infusion was without any additional effect on their abundance. HX decreased the expression of P450(scc), 3betaHSD and P450(C17) mRNAs, while ACTH(1-24) infusion to HX fetuses increased the expression of these mRNAs to levels seen in intact animals. There were significant correlations between the abundance of the mRNA for P450(scc), 3betaHSD and P450(C17), but not MC2R and SF-1, and premortem plasma cortisol concentrations. These results emphasise the importance of the pituitary gland and ACTH in the regulation of the enzymes involved in adrenal steroidogenesis. Factors in addition to ACTH may also play some role, as the infusion was not always effective in increasing the abundance of the mRNAs. Surprisingly, the mRNA for MC2R and SF-1 did not appear to be regulated by ACTH in the late-gestation ovine fetus, though a pituitary-dependent factor may be involved in the regulation of SF-1 mRNA abundance.

scholarly journals Role of Phosphate Transport System Component PstB1 in Phosphate Internalization by Nostoc punctiforme

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (21) ◽  
pp. 6344-6356 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hudek ◽  
D. Premachandra ◽  
W. A. J. Webster ◽  
L. Bräu
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Phosphate Uptake ◽  
Phosphate Transport ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Nostoc Punctiforme ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Phosphate Accumulation ◽  
Phosphate Availability ◽  
In Cells

ABSTRACTIn bacteria, limited phosphate availability promotes the synthesis of active uptake systems, such as the Pst phosphate transport system. To understand the mechanisms that facilitate phosphate accumulation in the cyanobacteriumNostoc punctiforme, phosphate transport systems were identified, revealing a redundancy of Pst phosphate uptake systems that exists across three distinct operons. Four separate PstB system components were identified.pstB1was determined to be a suitable target for creating phenotypic mutations that could result in the accumulation of excessive levels of phosphate through its overexpression or in a reduction of the capacity to accumulate phosphate through its deletion. Using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), it was determined thatpstB1mRNA levels increased significantly over 64 h in cells cultured in 0 mM added phosphate and decreased significantly in cells exposed to high (12.8 mM) phosphate concentrations compared to the level in cells cultured under normal (0.8 mM) conditions. Possible compensation for the loss of PstB1 was observed whenpstB2,pstB3, andpstB4mRNA levels increased, particularly in cells starved of phosphate. The overexpression ofpstB1increased phosphate uptake byN. punctiformeand was shown to functionally complement the loss of PstB inE. coliPstB knockout (PstB−) mutants. The knockout ofpstB1inN. punctiformedid not have a significant effect on cellular phosphate accumulation or growth for the most part, which is attributed to the compensation for the loss of PstB1 by alterations in thepstB2,pstB3, andpstB4mRNA levels. This study provides novelin vivoevidence that PstB1 plays a functional role in phosphate uptake inN. punctiforme.IMPORTANCECyanobacteria have been evolving over 3.5 billion years and have become highly adept at growing under limiting nutrient levels. Phosphate is crucial for the survival and prosperity of all organisms. In bacteria, limited phosphate availability promotes the synthesis of active uptake systems. The Pst phosphate transport system is one such system, responsible for the internalization of phosphate when cells are in phosphate-limited environments. Our investigations reveal the presence of multiple Pst phosphate uptake systems that exist across three distinct operons inNostoc punctiformeand functionally characterize the role of the gene product PstB1 as being crucial for the maintenance of phosphate accumulation. We demonstrate that the genespstB2,pstB3, andpstB4show alterations in expression to compensate for the deletion ofpstB1. The overall outcomes of this work provide insights as to the complex transport mechanisms that exist in cyanobacteria likeN. punctiforme, allowing them to thrive in low-phosphate environments.

scholarly journals Quantitative Proteome Profiling Reveals Cellobiose-Dependent Protein Processing and Export Pathways for the Lignocellulolytic Response in Neurospora crassa

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Liu ◽  
Yisong Liu ◽  
Duoduo Zhang ◽  
Xiaoting Chen ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Strain Improvement ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Protein Processing ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Industrial Enzymes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proteome Profiling

ABSTRACT Filamentous fungi are intensively used for producing industrial enzymes, including lignocellulases. Employing insoluble cellulose to induce the production of lignocellulases causes some drawbacks, e.g., a complex fermentation operation, which can be overcome by using soluble inducers such as cellobiose. Here, a triple β-glucosidase mutant of Neurospora crassa, which prevents rapid turnover of cellobiose and thus allows the disaccharide to induce lignocellulases, was applied to profile the proteome responses to cellobiose and cellulose (Avicel). Our results revealed a shared proteomic response to cellobiose and Avicel, whose elements included lignocellulases and cellulolytic product transporters. While the cellulolytic proteins showed a correlated increase in protein and mRNA levels, only a moderate correlation was observed on a proteomic scale between protein and mRNA levels (R2 = 0.31). Ribosome biogenesis and rRNA processing were significantly overrepresented in the protein set with increased protein but unchanged mRNA abundances in response to Avicel. Ribosome biogenesis, as well as protein processing and protein export, was also enriched in the protein set that showed increased abundance in response to cellobiose. NCU05895, a homolog of yeast CWH43, is potentially involved in transferring a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor to nascent proteins. This protein showed increased abundance but no significant change in mRNA levels. Disruption of CWH43 resulted in a significant decrease in cellulase activities and secreted protein levels in cultures grown on Avicel, suggesting a positive regulatory role for CWH43 in cellulase production. The findings should have an impact on a systems engineering approach for strain improvement for the production of lignocellulases. IMPORTANCE Lignocellulases are important industrial enzymes for sustainable production of biofuels and bio-products. Insoluble cellulose has been commonly used to induce the production of lignocellulases in filamentous fungi, which causes a difficult fermentation operation and enzyme loss due to adsorption to cellulose. The disadvantages can be overcome by using soluble inducers, such as the disaccharide cellobiose. Quantitative proteome profiling of the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa revealed cellobiose-dependent pathways for cellulase production, including protein processing and export. A protein (CWH43) potentially involved in protein processing was found to be a positive regulator of lignocellulase production. The cellobiose-dependent mechanisms provide new opportunities to improve the production of lignocellulases in filamentous fungi.

scholarly journals A ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON CALCIUM SIGNALING GENES IN NEUROSPORA CRASSA

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-710
Author(s):  
Ravi Gedela
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
High Sequence Similarity ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Conserve Domain ◽  
Knockout Mutants

 Neurospora crassa possesses a complex of Ca2+_signaling system consisting of 48 Ca2+-signaling proteins.  The Ca+2-signalling  protein plays an important role in a range of processes such as a Ca2+ stress tolerance, hyphal tip branching growth, cytoskeletal organization, cell cycle progression, circadian clocks, sporulation, sexual development, and ultraviolet (uv) survival.  The environmental factors, broadly defined to include chemical, physical, nutritional, and behavioral factors...etc.  In this article, we are reporting here a role of physic-chemical environmental factors pH, glucose and ultraviolet (UV) affect on ∆NCU06366, and ∆NCU05225 Ca2+ -signaling knockout mutants in N. crassa.  The verified result showed that, ∆NCU06366 and ∆NCU05225 Ca2+ -signaling knockout mutants slower growth rate at pH (7.6), and glucose starvation against to the control wild type respectively.  In addition to that the found results showed, ultraviolet (UV) survival, there is no UV radiation affects on ∆NCU06366 and ∆NCU05225 Ca2+-signaling knockout mutants as evaluate to the positive and the negative controls in N.crassa.  Along with that, In-silico analysis Multiple sequence analysis and Phylogenetics tree for conserve domain of NCU05225 (NADH dehydrogenase) and NCU06366 (Ca2+/H+ anti-porter) Ca2+-signaling genes encodes proteins in N.crassa, showed high sequence similarity and 68-100% and 89% homology  to the other class of fungi respectively.  It indicates that, NCU05225 (Mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase) and NCU06366 (Ca2+/H+ exchangers) Ca2+-signaling gene encoding conserve domain widespread in other class of fungi as well.   

scholarly journals Deciphering the role of insertion sequences in the evolution of bacterial epidemic pathogens with panISa software

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Couchoud ◽  
Xavier Bertrand ◽  
Benoit Valot ◽  
Didier Hocquet
Keyword(s):  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Insertion Sequences ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Bacterial Genomes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is now widely used in microbiology to explore genome evolution and the structure of pathogen outbreaks. Bioinformatics pipelines readily detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms or short indels. However, bacterial genomes also evolve through the action of small transposable elements called insertion sequences (ISs), which are difficult to detect due to their short length and multiple repetitions throughout the genome. We designed panISa software for the ab initio detection of IS insertions in the genomes of prokaryotes. PanISa has been released as open source software (GPL3) available from https://github.com/bvalot/panISa. In this study, we assessed the utility of this software for evolutionary studies, by reanalysing five published datasets for outbreaks of human major pathogens in which ISs had not been specifically investigated. We reanalysed the raw data from each study, by aligning the reads against reference genomes and running panISa on the alignments. Each hit was automatically curated and IS-related events were validated on the basis of nucleotide sequence similarity, by comparison with the ISFinder database. In Acinetobacter baumannii , the panISa pipeline identified ISAba1 or ISAba125 upstream from the ampC gene, which encodes a cephalosporinase in all third-generation cephalosporin-resistant isolates. In the genomes of Vibrio cholerae isolates, we found that early Haitian isolates had the same ISs as Nepalese isolates, confirming the inferred history of the contamination of this island. In Enterococcus faecalis , panISa identified regions of high plasticity, including a pathogenicity island enriched in IS-related events. The overall distribution of ISs deduced with panISa was consistent with SNP-based phylogenic trees, for all species considered. The role of ISs in pathogen evolution has probably been underestimated due to difficulties detecting these transposable elements. We show here that panISa is a useful addition to the bioinformatics toolbox for analyses of the evolution of bacterial genomes. PanISa will facilitate explorations of the functional impact of ISs and improve our understanding of prokaryote evolution.

scholarly journals The Staphylococcus aureus Chaperone PrsA Is a New Auxiliary Factor of Oxacillin Resistance Affecting Penicillin-Binding Protein 2A

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 1656-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambre Jousselin ◽  
Caroline Manzano ◽  
Alexandra Biette ◽  
Patricia Reed ◽  
Mariana G. Pinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Penicillin Binding Protein ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oxacillin Resistance ◽  
Protein Membrane ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Additional Level ◽  
Auxiliary Factor

Expression of the methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA) phenotype results from the expression of the extra penicillin-binding protein 2A (PBP2A), which is encoded bymecAand acquired horizontally on part of the SCCmeccassette. PBP2A can catalyzedd-transpeptidation of peptidoglycan (PG) because of its low affinity for β-lactam antibiotics and can functionally cooperate with the PBP2 transglycosylase in the biosynthesis of PG. Here, we focus upon the role of the membrane-bound PrsA foldase protein as a regulator of β-lactam resistance expression. Deletion ofprsAaltered oxacillin resistance in three different SCCmecbackgrounds and, more importantly, caused a decrease in PBP2A membrane amounts without affectingmecAmRNA levels. The N- and C-terminal domains of PrsA were found to be critical features for PBP2A protein membrane levels and oxacillin resistance. We propose that PrsA has a role in posttranscriptional maturation of PBP2A, possibly in the export and/or folding of newly synthesized PBP2A. This additional level of control in the expression of themecA-dependent MRSA phenotype constitutes an opportunity to expand the strategies to design anti-infective agents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document