scholarly journals Photo Quiz: A 53-Year-Old Thai Man with Progressive Swelling of the Left Index Finger

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyaporn Chokevittaya ◽  
Anucha Apisarnthanarak ◽  
Siriththin Chansirikarnjana ◽  
Chinnakart Boonyasirikool ◽  
Jutatip Kintarak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Index Finger ◽  
Left Index Finger

scholarly journals Response preparation involves a release of intracortical inhibition in task-irrelevant muscles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac N. Gomez ◽  
Kara Ormiston ◽  
Ian Greenhouse
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Intracortical Inhibition ◽  
Left Index Finger ◽  
Task Condition ◽  
Response Preparation ◽  
Action Preparation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Task Irrelevant

AbstractAction preparation involves widespread modulation of motor system excitability, but the precise mechanisms are unknown. In this study, we investigated whether intracortical inhibition changes in task-irrelevant muscle representations during action preparation. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with electromyography in healthy human adults to measure motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and cortical silent periods (CSPs) in task-irrelevant muscles during the preparatory period of simple delayed response tasks. In Experiment 1, participants responded with the left-index finger in one task condition and the right-index finger in another task condition, while MEPs and CSPs were measured from the contralateral non-responding and tonically contracted index finger. During Experiment 2, participants responded with the right pinky finger while MEPs and CSPs were measured from the tonically contracted left-index finger. In both experiments, MEPs and CSPs were compared between the task preparatory period and a resting intertrial baseline. The CSP duration during response preparation decreased from baseline in every case. A laterality difference was also observed in Experiment 1, with a greater CSP reduction during the preparation of left finger responses compared to right finger responses. MEP amplitudes showed no modulation during movement preparation in any of the three response conditions. These findings indicate cortical inhibition associated with task-irrelevant muscles is transiently released during action preparation and implicate a novel mechanism for the controlled and coordinated release of motor cortex inhibition.New & NoteworthyIn this study we observed the first evidence of a release of intracortical inhibition in task-irrelevant muscle representations during response preparation. We applied transcranial magnetic stimulation to elicit cortical silent periods in task-irrelevant muscles during response preparation and observed a consistent decrease in the silent period duration relative to a resting baseline. These findings address the question of whether cortical mechanisms underlie widespread modulation in motor excitability during response preparation.

scholarly journals A case report of a severe neonatal systemic vasculitis on the first day of life

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Wong ◽  
Erkan Demirkaya ◽  
Roberta Berard
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Reactive Arthritis ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
Left Index Finger ◽  
High Dose ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background Neonatal systemic vasculitis syndromes have been reported in infants born to mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren’s syndrome, Behҫet’s disease, cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides. Here we report a novel association of a case of new-onset maternal seronegative inflammatory arthritis associated with a transient systemic vasculitis in a neonate. Case presentation In the first 24 h of life, a preterm Caucasian baby boy was noted to have blue discoloration to all four extremities. Despite antibiotics, fresh frozen plasma and anticoagulation, the discoloration remained, particularly in the left index finger. This was associated with fever and a maximum C-reactive protein (CRP) of 148 mg/L. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was given with short-term improvement. Initial echocardiogram showed enlarged coronary arteries with normalization on repeat 1 week later. Clinical signs and symptoms responded to high dose oral steroid administration. MRI angiography (MRA) of the body and heart showed tortuosity of arteries in the upper and lower extremities with gadolinium uptake, suggestive of vasculitis. Autoantibody profile negative. Genetic panel for hereditary autoinflammatory diseases was negative as was whole exome sequencing performed on the trio. The baby was weaned off steroids by 5 months of age. A small distal autoamputation of the left index finger occurred. He was born to a 28-year-old woman who developed new onset severe symmetrical polyarthritis at 8 weeks gestation. This was presumed a reactive arthritis secondary to a dental infection. Infectious work up and autoantibodies were negative. She was treated with high dose prednisone for the remainder of her pregnancy. The mother was weaned off prednisone, treated with hydroxychloroquine for 8 months post-partum and remains in remission. A repeat MRA done at 1 year old showed mild residual tortuosities of the arteries in the forearms. The remainder of the medium and large vessels were within normal limits with no gadolinium enhancement to suggest active disease. The child is now 4 years old with normal growth and development. Conclusion This is a unique case of new-onset seronegative presumed reactive arthritis in a mother with the rare development of a successfully treated medium vessel vasculitis in an infant.

scholarly journals PROSTHETIC REHABILITATION OF EXTRA-ORAL DEFECTS WITH SILICONE PROSTHESIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Harshitha Alva ◽  
Krishna Prasad D. ◽  
Manoj Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Index Finger ◽  
Left Index Finger ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Silicone Prosthesis ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
Facial Defects ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractMan's need for artificial replacements to supply missing or lost body parts has probably existed as long as man himself. Body abnormalities or defects compromise appearance, function and render an individual incapable of leading a relatively normal life. Extraoral defects involving ear, eye, nose, finger and few others are commonly encountered. Prosthetic restoration of these facial defects is an ancient art, in which success has always been limited due to the unavailability of adequate materials or because the available materials do not fulfil the ideal requirements. The most accepted materials today are the silicones because of their better esthetics.This paper presents prosthetic rehabilitation of the distal phalynx of left index finger with custom-made silicone prosthesis.

Assessment of Radiation Protection in Hand-Shielding Products With Mini C-Arm Fluoroscopy

Hand ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 155894471986593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Cantlon ◽  
Asif M. Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Left Index Finger ◽  
Surgical Glove ◽  
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters ◽  
Intraoperative Fluoroscopy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Free Metal

Background: Previous studies have highlighted the particular risk of radiation exposure to the surgeon’s hands with intraoperative fluoroscopy. Although evidence exists that shielding equipment for the hands reduces exposure, the extent of protection is not well understood. Therefore, we set out to determine the degree to which radiation exposure to the surgeon’s hands is decreased with hand-shielding products. Methods: An anthropomorphic model was positioned to simulate a surgeon sitting at a hand table. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were placed on the proximal phalanx of each index finger. The right index finger dosimeter was covered with a standard polyisoprene surgical glove (control arm), whereas the left index finger dosimeter was covered with commercially available hand-shielding products (study arm): lead-free metal-oxide gloves, leaded gloves, and radiation-attenuating cream. Mini fluoroscope position, configuration, and settings were standardized. The model was scanned for 15 continuous minutes in each test run, and each comparative arm was run 3 times. Results: The mean radiation dose absorbed by the control and variable dosimeters across all tests was 44.8 mrem (range, 30-54) and 18.6 mrem (range, 14-26), respectively. Each hand-shielding product resulted in statistically lower radiation exposure than a single polyisoprene surgical glove. Conclusions: The mean radiation exposure to the hands was significantly decreased when protected by radiation-attenuating options. Each product individually resulted in a statistically significant decrease in hand exposure compared with the control. We recommend that in addition to efforts to decrease radiation exposure, surgeons consider routine use of hand-shielding products when using mini c-arm fluoroscopy.

Music Affects Learning of a Braille-Like Task by Sighted Subjects

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-1) ◽  
pp. 923-929
Author(s):  
Robert F. Kennison ◽  
Richard A. Mcfarland
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Left Index Finger ◽  
Interhemispheric Competition ◽  
Male College ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Male College Students

24 consistently right-handed male college students felt sets of four Braille symbols with either the right or the left index finger and identified by touch alone which two of the four symbols in each set were identical. During the task music was played to either the right ear, the left ear, both ears, or neither ear. Significantly fewer errors were made when the music was in the ear contralateral to whichever hand performed the task. The ipsilateral, binaural, and no-music groups did not differ significantly from each other. It is suggested that monaural music to the ear contralateral to the engaged hand led to reduced interhemispheric competition acting on the hemisphere controlling the hand. Such a facilitating effect may be of practical importance in tasks during which one hemisphere receives the bulk of the task-related sensory input and/or processes the final order from the brain to the task-related muscles.

scholarly journals Handedness and index finger movements performed on a small touchscreen

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 858-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Aoki ◽  
Gil Rivlis ◽  
Marc H. Schieber
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Impedance Control ◽  
Tracking Task ◽  
Left Index Finger ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Hemisphere Specialization

Many studies of right/left differences in motor performance related to handedness have employed tasks that use arm movements or combined arm and hand movements rather than movements of the fingers per se, the well-known exception being rhythmic finger tapping. We therefore explored four simple tasks performed on a small touchscreen with relatively isolated movements of the index finger. Each task revealed a different right/left performance asymmetry. In a step-tracking Target Task, left-handed subjects showed greater accuracy with the index finger of the dominant left hand than with the nondominant right hand. In a Center-Out Task, right-handed subjects produced trajectories with the nondominant left hand that had greater curvature than those produced with the dominant right hand. In a continuous Circle Tracking Task, slips of the nondominant left index finger showed higher jerk than slips of the dominant right index finger. And in a continuous Complex Tracking Task, the nondominant left index finger showed shorter time lags in tracking the relatively unpredictable target than the dominant right index finger. Our findings are broadly consistent with previous studies indicating left hemisphere specialization for dynamic control and predictable situations vs. right hemisphere specialization for impedance control and unpredictable situations, the specialized contributions of the two hemispheres being combined to different degrees in the right vs. left hands of right-handed vs. left-handed individuals.

DIGITAL ARTERY PERFORATOR FLAP FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF FINGERTIP AFTER RESECTION OF MELANOMA IN SITU

Hand Surgery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuji Suzuki ◽  
Isao Koshima
Keyword(s):  
Index Finger ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Perforator Flap ◽  
Distal Phalanx ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Left Index Finger ◽  
Digital Artery ◽  
Melanoma In Situ ◽  
Artery Perforator

A case of 40-year-old female with melanoma in situ on her left index finger is presented. When treating melanoma in situ, it is recommended to have 3 mm margin and to include subcutaneous fat layer for resection of the tumor. To reconstruct the fingertip with the exposed distal phalanx, we used digital artery perforator flap. Since the resection of melanoma in situ in the appropriate manner would result in low risk of recurrence of the tumor, unlike melanoma of more deeply infiltrating types, it is important to use flaps which are easy to raise, functionally superior, and cosmetically excellent, The drawbacks of using digital artery perforator flap is that the operator is not able to tell if the flap includes the perforator until the flap is raised, since there is a risk of damaging the perforator when trying to expose it to visually confirm that it is included in the flap.

Apparent Duration as a Function of Intensity of Vibrotactile Stimulation

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goesta Ekman ◽  
Marianne Frankenhaeuser ◽  
Birgitta Berglund ◽  
Michael Waszak
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Left Index Finger ◽  
Estimation Technique ◽  
Logarithmic Function ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation ◽  
Apparent Duration ◽  
Fixed Standard ◽  
Stimulation Of

8 Ss were exposed to vibrotactile stimulation of 250 Hz, applied to the tip of the left index finger. Seven stimulus intensities, ranging from 26 to 48 db, were each combined with three stimulus durations, 50, 250, and 1200 msec. A magnitude-estimation technique with fixed standard was employed to obtain scale values of the apparent duration of each stimulus. The results indicate that apparent duration can be described as a logarithmic function of stimulus intensity. This conclusion is in line with our previous findings concerning apparent duration of electrical stimulation.

Subungual tumor on the left index finger with light yellowish discoloration

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. e187-e188
Author(s):  
Ji Yeon Hong ◽  
Kui Young Park ◽  
Seong Jun Seo ◽  
Soon Auck Hong ◽  
Kye Yong Song
Keyword(s):  
Index Finger ◽  
Left Index Finger
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