Evidence for long-term memory of the mucosal immune system: milk secretory immunoglobulin A against Shigella lipopolysaccharides.

Formula-fed infants are more susceptible to infectious diseases because they lack the maternal immune factors transferred from breast milk, while their own immune system is still immature. As timely probiotic administration was suggested to promote immune system development in formula-fed infants, this study aimed at assessing the safety and the effects of a probiotic supplement (Bifidobacterium infantis R0033, Bifidobacterium bifidum R0071, and Lactobacillus helveticus R0052) on mucosal immune competence and digestive function in formula-fed infants. Healthy infants (3.5-6 months old) were randomised to receive either probiotic- (n=66) or placebo-supplemented (n=66) formula once a day for four weeks. In the probiotics group, faecal secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) levels remained similar between visit 2 (baseline; V2) and visit 3 (end-of-treatment; V3), but decreased in the placebo group. Changes in SIgA levels following treatment (log10ΔV3-V2 [95%CI]) between the probiotic and placebo groups were statistically significant (23 ng/dl [-57;102] and -137 ng/dl [-212;-62], respectively (P=0.0044; ANCOVA)). While log10ΔV3-V2 [95%CI] for salivary SIgA levels increased in both groups, this trend was more pronounced in the probiotics than in the placebo group with an increase of 123 ng/dl [9;236] and 37 ng/dL [-72;147], respectively (P=0.2829; ANCOVA). The weekly average number of stools/day was significantly higher in the probiotics group compared to placebo during the last week of treatment for the per protocol population. There was no difference in microbiota composition or anthropometric parameters between groups. No serious adverse event was reported, and all adverse events were mild and unrelated to the product or study. Our results show that formula-fed infants receiving probiotics maintained higher faecal SIgA levels at the end of the four-week treatment period, suggesting a positive effect of probiotics on SIgA production. This study demonstrates the safety of this probiotic formulation in infants. Formula-fed infants may benefit from probiotics supplementation to sustain the development of mucosal immunity.

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VARIABILITIES OF SALIVARY SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A AMONG ELDERLY IN LONG-TERM CARE FACILITIES

Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine ◽

10.7600/jspfsm.57.241 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 241-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MARIKO SAWADA ◽

TSUTOMU INAMIZU ◽

SHUNSUKE TAITO ◽

KIYOKAZU SEKIKAWA ◽

KOTARO KAWAGUCHI

Keyword(s):

Long Term Care ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽

Term Care ◽

Care Facilities ◽

Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin

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Choral Singing, Performance Perception, and Immune System Changes in Salivary Immunoglobulin A and Cortisol

Music Perception An Interdisciplinary Journal ◽

10.2307/40285902 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 87-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

R. J. Beck ◽

T. C. Cesario ◽

A. Yousefi ◽

H. Enamoto

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Multiple Regression Model ◽

System Response ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽

Public Performance ◽

Choral Singing ◽

Salivary Immunoglobulin A ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin

In a naturalistic pre-post design, samples of saliva were collected from the members of a professional chorale during an early rehearsal (n = 31), a late rehearsal (n = 34) and a public performance (n = 32) of Beethoven's Missa Solemnis. As measures of immune system response, mean levels of secretory immunoglobulin A increased significantly, as a proportion of whole protein, 150% during rehearsals and 240% during the performance. Cortisol concentrations decreased significantly an average of 30% during rehearsals and increased 37% during performance. As measured through performance perception rating scales, a group of emotions and other experiential states that singers associated with professional singing were highly predictive of changes in level of secretory immunoglobulin A during the performance condition, but the results for the rehearsal conditions were not significant. The best multiple regression model for performance level of immunoglobulin A (p < .0015) included seven emotional, cognitive, and evaluative variables generally associated with choral singing, including levels of mood before and during singing, stress, relaxation, feeling "high," detachment/engagement, and specific satisfaction with the immediate performance.

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No Impact of Long-Term Fingolimod Treatment on Fecal Secretory Immunoglobulin A Levels in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2020.567659 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Hernan Inojosa ◽

Judith Eisele ◽

Undine Proschmann ◽

Sebastian Zeissig ◽

Katja Akgün ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin

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THE DEGREE OF SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A IN BURN PATIENTS WITH PROBIOTIC THERAPY

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2019.v11s5.t1017 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 174-176

Author(s):

LYNDA HARIANI ◽

IRAWAN WAHYUDI ◽

ISWINARNO DOSOSAPUTRO ◽

SJAIFUDDIN NOER M

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽

Burn Patients ◽

Double Blind ◽

And Control ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin ◽

Regular Intake

Background: One of the problems with burn patients is the impairment of host immunity, which makes difficult to treat. In burns, immunoglobulinA has demonstrated to decrease. Immunoglobulin A is the main product of mucous immune system, which increases viral clearance and decreasesbacterial adhesion in the intestine. Probiotics consist of living microflora, which control the balance of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the intestine.Instead of producing organic component, increasing the acidity of intestine, mucin and bacteriocin, they also activate the intestinal immune systemand secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA). The goal of this study was to propose that regular intake of probiotic might help to improve the mucousimmune system, especially sIgA in intestines in burn patients.Methods: An experimental, double-blind, controlled clinical trial was carried out in 33 burn patients. Those patients were divided into two groups.The first group was given daily probiotic and the second group was given only placebo for 10 days. The treatment began on the 4th day admission, andthen, the degree of sIgA was evaluated before treatment and day 14 from fecal specimen.Results: Significant differences between probiotic and control group were observed (p<0.0001). The degree of sIgA in the probiotic group increased61.25%, and in the control group, it decreased to 36.80%.Conclusion: The mucous immune system, especially sIgA, increases by probiotic intake.

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Downregulation of the immune system in low-quality child care: The case of Secretory Immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in toddlers

Physiology & Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.08.017 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 105 (2) ◽

pp. 161-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Harriet J. Vermeer ◽

Marinus H. van IJzendoorn ◽

Marleen G. Groeneveld ◽

Douglas A. Granger

Keyword(s):

Child Care ◽

Immune System ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽

Quality Child Care ◽

Quality Child ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin

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FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS IN PERSONS WITH SECRETORY IMMUNOGLOBULIN A DEFICIENCY AND ITS TREATMENT (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202106141 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 1510-1514

Author(s):

Hanna M. Sylenko ◽

Petro M. Skrypnykov ◽

Yurii I. Sylenko ◽

Olena A. Pisarenko

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Medical Literature ◽

Immunoglobulin A ◽

Iga Deficiency ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin A ◽

Secondary Immunodeficiency ◽

Selective Iga Deficiency ◽

Nonspecific Factors ◽

Methods Analytical ◽

Secretory Immunoglobulin

The aim: To present data on the possibility of occurrence and active progression of generalized periodontitis in persons with secretory immunoglobulin A deficiency and possible methods of its correction. Мaterials and methods: Analytical elaboration of scientific and medical literature based on the immunological aspect of generalized periodontitis. Conclusions: The deficiency of secretory immunoglobulin A may occur in cases of primary or secondary insufficiency of the immune system. Selective IgA deficiency is an example of primary insufficiency of the immune system. Secondary immunodeficiency disorders is a clinical and immunological syndrome that develops against the background of a previously normally functioning immune system, characterized by a steady decrease in quantitative or functional indicators of specific or(and) nonspecific factors of immunoresistance. Insufficient awareness of dentists about certain aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of generalized periodontitis leads to deterioration of treatment results.

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Conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) supports core claims of Christiansen and Chater

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x15000928 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

Author(s):

Mary C. Potter

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Rapid Serial Visual Presentation ◽

Language Comprehension ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Visual Presentation ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Use Of Knowledge

AbstractRapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of words or pictured scenes provides evidence for a large-capacity conceptual short-term memory (CSTM) that momentarily provides rich associated material from long-term memory, permitting rapid chunking (Potter 1993; 2009; 2012). In perception of scenes as well as language comprehension, we make use of knowledge that briefly exceeds the supposed limits of working memory.

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Comparison of Auditory, Language, Memory, and Attention Abilities in Children With and Without Listening Difficulties

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/2020_aja-20-00018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 710-727

Author(s):

Beula M. Magimairaj ◽

Naveen K. Nagaraj ◽

Alexander V. Sergeev ◽

Natalie J. Benafield

Keyword(s):

Auditory Processing ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Group Differences ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

Significant Group ◽

Term Memory ◽

Memory And Attention ◽

Speed And Accuracy

Objectives School-age children with and without parent-reported listening difficulties (LiD) were compared on auditory processing, language, memory, and attention abilities. The objective was to extend what is known so far in the literature about children with LiD by using multiple measures and selective novel measures across the above areas. Design Twenty-six children who were reported by their parents as having LiD and 26 age-matched typically developing children completed clinical tests of auditory processing and multiple measures of language, attention, and memory. All children had normal-range pure-tone hearing thresholds bilaterally. Group differences were examined. Results In addition to significantly poorer speech-perception-in-noise scores, children with LiD had reduced speed and accuracy of word retrieval from long-term memory, poorer short-term memory, sentence recall, and inferencing ability. Statistically significant group differences were of moderate effect size; however, standard test scores of children with LiD were not clinically poor. No statistically significant group differences were observed in attention, working memory capacity, vocabulary, and nonverbal IQ. Conclusions Mild signal-to-noise ratio loss, as reflected by the group mean of children with LiD, supported the children's functional listening problems. In addition, children's relative weakness in select areas of language performance, short-term memory, and long-term memory lexical retrieval speed and accuracy added to previous research on evidence-based areas that need to be evaluated in children with LiD who almost always have heterogenous profiles. Importantly, the functional difficulties faced by children with LiD in relation to their test results indicated, to some extent, that commonly used assessments may not be adequately capturing the children's listening challenges. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12808607

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Retrieval from Memory or Procedural Strategies for Addition Problems

Swiss Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1024/1421-0185/a000036 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 35-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Muriel Fanget ◽

Catherine Thevenot ◽

Caroline Castel ◽

Michel Fayol

Keyword(s):

Reaction Times ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Verbal Reports ◽

Term Memory ◽

Simple Addition ◽

Memory Traces ◽

Addition Problem ◽

Retrieval From Memory ◽

Calculation Procedures

In this study, we used a paradigm recently developed ( Thevenot, Fanget, & Fayol, 2007 ) to determine whether 10-year-old children solve simple addition problems by retrieval of the answer from long-term memory or by calculation procedures. Our paradigm is unique in that it does not rely on reaction times or verbal reports, which are known to potentially bias the results, especially in children. Rather, it takes advantage of the fact that calculation procedures degrade the memory traces of the operands, so that it is more difficult to recognize them when they have been involved in the solution of an addition problem by calculation rather than by retrieval. The present study sharpens the current conclusions in the literature and shows that, when the sum of addition problems is up to 10, children mainly use retrieval, but when it is greater than 10, they mainly use calculation procedures.

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