scholarly journals Multiple Clones within Multidrug-ResistantSalmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium Phage Type DT104

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1269-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonis Markogiannakis ◽  
Panayotis T. Tassios ◽  
Maria Lambiri ◽  
Linda R. Ward ◽  
Jenny Kourea-Kremastinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field

Six distinct clones were present among Greek multidrug-resistantSalmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium phage type DT104, since isolates belonging to resistance phenotypes including the ACSSuT (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline) core could be distinguished with respect to their pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, int1 integron structures, and presence or absence of antibiotic resistance genesant(3")-Ia, pse-1, and tem-1.

scholarly journals Characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes inHaemophilus parasuisisolated from pigs in China

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongda Zhao ◽  
Lili Guo ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Xianhui Huang ◽  
Binghu Fang
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

BackgroundHaemophilus parasuisis a common porcine respiratory pathogen that causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in farmed swine. We performed a molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes harbored byH. parasuisfrom pig farms in China.MethodsWe screened 143H. parasuisisolates for antimicrobial susceptibility against six fluoroquinolone antibiotics testing by the broth microdilution method, and the presence of 64 antimicrobial resistance genes by PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis. We determined quinolone resistance determining region mutations of DNA gyrase (gyrAandgyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parCandparE). The genetic relatedness among the strains was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.ResultsSusceptibility test showed that all isolates were low resistance to lomefloxacin (28.67%), levofloxacin (20.28%), norfloxacin (22.38%), ciprofloxacin (23.78%), however, high resistance levels were found to nalidixic acid (82.52%) and enrofloxacin (55.94%). In addition, we found 14 antimicrobial resistance genes were present in these isolates, includingblaTEM-1, blaROB-1,ermB, ermA, flor, catl, tetB, tetC, rmtB, rmtD, aadA1, aac(3′)-llc, sul1, and sul2genes. Interestingly, one isolate carried five antibiotic resistance genes (tetB, tetC, flor, rmtB, sul1). The genestetB,rmtB,andflorwere the most prevalent resistance genes inH. parasuisin China. Alterations in thegyrAgene (S83F/Y, D87Y/N/H/G) were detected in 81% of the strains andparCmutations were often accompanied by agyrAmutation. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing revealed 51 unique patterns in the isolates carrying high-level antibiotic resistance genes, indicating considerable genetic diversity and suggesting that the genes were spread horizontally.DiscussionThe current study demonstrated that the high antibiotic resistance ofH. parasuisin piglets is a combination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes and multiple target gene mutations. These data provide novel insights for the better understanding of the prevalence and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance inH. parasuis.

scholarly journals Characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes in Haemophilus parasuis isolated from pigs in China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongda Zhao ◽  
Lili Guo ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Xianhui Huang ◽  
Binghu Fang
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Haemophilus Parasuis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Background: Haemophilus parasuis is a common porcine respiratory disease that causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in farmed swine. We performed a molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes harbored by H. parasuis from pig farms in China. Methods: We screened 143 H. parasuis isolates for the presence of 64 antimicrobial resistance genes by PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis. We determined quinolone resistance determining region mutations of DNA gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parC and parE). The genetic relatedness among the strains was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Results: We found 14 antimicrobial resistance genes were present in these isolates, including TEM-1, ROB-1.ermB,ermA ,flor, catl,tetB,tetC, rmtB, rmtD, aadA1, aac(3’)-ⅡC, sul1, and sul2 genes. Interestingly, one isolate carried 5 antibiotic resistance genes (tetB, tetC, flor, rmtB, sul1). The genes tetB, rmtB, and flor were the most prevalent resistance genes in H. parasuis in China. Alterations in the gyrA gene (S83F/Y, D87Y/N/H/G) were detected in 81% of the strains and parC mutations were often accompanied by a gyrA mutation. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing revealed 51 unique patterns in the isolates carrying antibiotic resistance genes indicating considerable genetic diversity and suggesting the genes were spread horizontally. Discussion: The current study demonstrated that the high antibiotic resistance of H. parasuis in piglets is a combination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes and multiple target gene mutations. GyrA gene mutation also was the most important role in quinolone resistance. These data provide novel insights for the better understanding of the prevalence and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in H. parasuis.

scholarly journals Application of phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to analyse Salmonella enterica isolates from a suspected outbreak in Lagos, Nigeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabiru Olusegun Akinyemi ◽  
Werner Philipp ◽  
Wolfgang Beyer ◽  
Reinhard Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Phage Typing ◽  
Pfge Type ◽  
Pulsed Field

Introduction: Inadequate potable water supply and poor sanitation predispose to food- and water-borne diseases associated with Salmonella enterica serovars in developing countries. In this study the possible source of an unprecedented upsurge of Salmonella-associated community gastroenteritis was traced using both phage-typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Methodology: Nineteen Salmonella Typhimurium (three sporadic isolates included) and 13 Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from clinical, animal, and environmental samples were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, phage-typing, and PFGE analysis using standard procedures. Results: Eleven (68.8%) of the 16 outbreak-related multidrug resistant S. Typhimurium belonged to DT 71 phage type with cluster PFGE type X3, representing the most prevalent strain identified among human, animal, and environmental isolates. The remaining five (31.2%) outbreak-related strains  reacted but did not conform with clear phage types (RDNC) with cluster PFGE types X1 and X2 (96.8% similarity). Sporadic strains were untypable and belonged to X4 PFGE type. However, the evaluated S. Enteritidis strains that were multidrug resistant without a definite phage type belonged to PFGE cluster type X1e and were identified among the water and human strains. None of the Typhimurium and Enteritdis isolates was resistant to the fluoroquinolone antibiotics that were evaluated. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the epidemiological usefulness of PFGE typing in the detection of emerging strains of multipledrug resistant Salmonella, particularly S. Typhimurium DT71, that pose serious health implications in our environment. The study provides epidemiological links between environmental reservoirs and human infection in this community.

scholarly journals Characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes in Haemophilus parasuis isolated from pigs in China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongda Zhao ◽  
Lili Guo ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Xianhui Huang ◽  
Binghu Fang
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Haemophilus Parasuis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Background: Haemophilus parasuis is a common porcine respiratory disease that causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in farmed swine. We performed a molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes harbored by H. parasuis from pig farms in China. Methods: We screened 143 H. parasuis isolates for the presence of 64 antimicrobial resistance genes by PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis. We determined quinolone resistance determining region mutations of DNA gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parC and parE). The genetic relatedness among the strains was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Results: We found 14 antimicrobial resistance genes were present in these isolates, including TEM-1, ROB-1.ermB,ermA ,flor, catl,tetB,tetC, rmtB, rmtD, aadA1, aac(3’)-ⅡC, sul1, and sul2 genes. Interestingly, one isolate carried 5 antibiotic resistance genes (tetB, tetC, flor, rmtB, sul1). The genes tetB, rmtB, and flor were the most prevalent resistance genes in H. parasuis in China. Alterations in the gyrA gene (S83F/Y, D87Y/N/H/G) were detected in 81% of the strains and parC mutations were often accompanied by a gyrA mutation. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing revealed 51 unique patterns in the isolates carrying antibiotic resistance genes indicating considerable genetic diversity and suggesting the genes were spread horizontally. Discussion: The current study demonstrated that the high antibiotic resistance of H. parasuis in piglets is a combination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes and multiple target gene mutations. GyrA gene mutation also was the most important role in quinolone resistance. These data provide novel insights for the better understanding of the prevalence and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in H. parasuis.

scholarly journals Outbreaks of monophasic Salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- in Luxembourg, 2006

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 11-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Mossong ◽  
P Marques ◽  
C Ragimbeau ◽  
P Huberty-Krau ◽  
S Losch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
Outbreak Strain ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile

A monophasic Salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- phage type DT193 emerged as the dominant serovar in Luxembourg in 2006, when it caused two major outbreaks involving 133 laboratory-confirmed human cases, 24 hospitalisations, and one death. The outbreak strain had an uncommon pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern STYMXB.0031 and antibiotic resistance profile ASSuT. A high proportion of cases were clustered in institutions for the elderly and in day-care centers. Strains identical to the outbreak strain were recovered from two control meals, a nappy changing table, retail sausages and caecal porcine samples at an abattoir. Locally produced pork meat is strongly suspected to have been the vehicle for the outbreaks, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of Salmonella enteritidis phage type 1b and 6a isolates in Portugal

2003 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. SOARES ◽  
J. MACHADO
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Main Pattern

Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis is an important serovar comprising 76% of salmonella isolates in Portugal in 2001.For better understand the epidemiology of salmonellosis, a total of 47 isolates of S. Enteritidis phage type (PT) 1b and 6a were analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and genomic DNA was subjected to macro restriction with XbaI. For PT1b isolates, only three different patterns were observed, and PT6a showed a total of 10 digestion patterns. Curiously, the main pattern among PT1b isolates seams quite similar to main pattern of PT6a isolates, but when the two patterns were analysed with Bionumerics, we observed that they exhibited some differences. It was concluded that, in 2001, there was one predominant pattern for PT1b and PT6a and, possibly, we were in presence of clonal strains that exists all over the country.

Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Typhimurium Isolates from Clinically Diseased Pigs in Korea

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1884-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANG-IK OH ◽  
JONG WAN KIM ◽  
MYEONGJU CHAE ◽  
JI-A JUNG ◽  
BYUNGJAE SO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

ABSTRACT This study investigated the prevalence of Salmonella enterica serovar and antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from clinically diseased pigs collected from 2008 to 2014 in Korea. Isolates were also characterized according to the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. Among 94 Salmonella isolates, 81 (86.2%) were identified as being of the Salmonella Typhimurium serotype, followed by Salmonella Derby (6 of 94, 6.4%), Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:− (4 of 94, 4.3%), Salmonella Enteritidis (2 of 94, 2.1%), and Salmonella Brandenburg (1 of 94, 1.1%). The majority of Salmonella Typhimurium isolates were resistant to tetracycline (92.6%), followed by streptomycin (88.9%) and ampicillin (80.2%). Overall, 96.3% of Salmonella Typhimurium isolates showed multidrug-resistant phenotypes and commonly harbored the resistance genes blaTEM (64.9%), flo (32.8%), aadA (55.3%), strA (58.5%), strB (58.5%), sulII (53.2%), and tetA (61.7%). The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of 45 Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from individual farms revealed 27 distinct patterns that formed one major and two minor clusters in the dendrogram analysis, suggesting that most of the isolates (91.1%) from diseased pigs were genetically related. These findings can assist veterinarians in the selection of appropriate antimicrobial agents to combat Salmonella Typhimurium infections in pigs. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and genetic status in Salmonella Typhimurium for the detection of emerging resistance trends.

Monitoring of Layer Feed and Eggs for Salmonella in Eastern Japan between 1993 and 1998

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUTOSHI SHIROTA ◽  
HIROMITSU KATOH ◽  
TOSHIYUKI MURASE ◽  
TOSHIHIRO ITO ◽  
KOICHI OTSUKI
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Eastern Japan ◽  
Layer Farm

In order to investigate contamination of chicken farms with Salmonella, feed and eggs were sampled from 16 commercial layer farms in eastern Japan between 1993 and 1998 and cultured for salmonellae. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates belonging to 19 serovars were obtained from the feed. Six of the 19 serotypes, including Salmonella serovar Enteritidis, were observed in isolates recovered from the eggs. Salmonella serovar Enteritidis strains obtained from a feed sample and egg contents in a layer farm showed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns that were genetically related and belonged to a single phage type, suggesting that the contamination of the farms was linked to the occurrence of salmonellae in feed.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Salmonella Genomic Island 1 in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolated in Italy

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 2821-2828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Carattoli ◽  
Emma Filetici ◽  
Laura Villa ◽  
Anna Maria Dionisi ◽  
Antonia Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Genomic Island ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium

ABSTRACT Fifty-four epidemiologically unrelated multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates, collected between 1992 and 2000 in Italy, were analyzed for the presence of integrons. Strains were also tested for Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1), carrying antibiotic resistance genes in DT104 strains. A complete SGI1 was found in the majority of the DT104 strains. Two DT104 strains, showing resistance to streptomycin-spectinomycin and sulfonamides, carried a partially deleted SGI1 lacking the flost , tetR, and tetA genes, conferring chloramphenicol-florfenicol and tetracycline resistance, and the integron harboring the pse-1 gene cassette, conferring ampicillin resistance. The presence of SGI1 was also observed in serovar Typhimurium strains belonging to other phage types, suggesting either the potential mobility of this genomic island or changes in the phage-related phenotype of DT104 strains.

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