Neisseria gonorrhoeae Filamentous Phage Ngo 6 Is Capable of Infecting a Variety of Gram-Negative Bacteria

ABSTRACT We present the first description of a single-stranded DNA filamentous phage able to replicate in a gram-positive bacterium. Phage B5 infects Propionibacterium freudenreichii and has a genome consisting of 5,806 bases coding for 10 putative open reading frames. The organization of the genome is very similar to the organization of the genomes of filamentous phages active on gram-negative bacteria. The putative coat protein exhibits homology with the coat proteins of phages PH75 and Pf3 active on Thermus thermophilus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. B5 is, therefore, evolutionarily related to the filamentous phages active on gram-negative bacteria.

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Modulation of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae drug efflux conduit MtrE

10.1101/208504 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Giulia Tamburrino ◽

Salomé Llabrés ◽

Owen N. Vickery ◽

Samantha J. Pitt ◽

Ulrich Zachariae

Keyword(s):

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Membrane Component ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Membrane Fusion Protein ◽

Binding Interface ◽

Open Conformation ◽

Computational Electrophysiology ◽

Maximum Conductance

ABSTRACTWidespread antibiotic resistance, especially of Gram-negative bacteria, has become a severe concern for human health. Tripartite efflux pumps are one of the major contributors to resistance in Gram-negative pathogens, by efficiently expelling a broad spectrum of antibiotics from the organism. In Neisseria gonorrhoeae, one of the first bacteria for which pan-resistance has been reported, the most expressed efflux complex is MtrCDE. Here we present the electrophysiological characterisation of the outer membrane component MtrE and the membrane fusion protein MtrC, obtained by a combination of planar lipid bilayer recordings and in silico techniques. Our in vitro results show that MtrE can be regulated by periplasmic binding events and that the interaction between MtrE and MtrC is sufficient to stabilize this complex in an open state. In contrast to other efflux conduits, the open complex only displays a slight preference for cations. The maximum conductance we obtain in the in vitro recordings is comparable to that seen in our computational electrophysiology simulations conducted on the MtrE crystal structure, indicating that this state may reflect a physiologically relevant open conformation of MtrE. Our results suggest that the MtrC/E binding interface is an important modulator of MtrE function, which could potentially be targeted by new efflux inhibitors.

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Hen Fluorescein-Labeled Gonococcal Lipopolysaccharide Antibody in the Delayed Fluorescent Antibody Technique for the Confirmation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.9.3.323-328.1979 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 323-328

Author(s):

F. E. Ashton ◽

R. A. Leitch ◽

M. B. Perry ◽

R. Wallace ◽

B. B. Diena

Keyword(s):

Cell Surface ◽

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Neisseria Meningitidis ◽

Fluorescent Antibody ◽

Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Antibody Technique ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Neisseria Lactamica ◽

Antibody Conjugate

A fluorescent antibody reagent (termed anti-LPS conjugate) was prepared from sera obtained from hens immunized with gonococcal R-type lipopolysaccharide. The reagent was absorbed with Formalin-treated cells of Neisseria meningitidis. The anti-LPS conjugate gave uniform brilliant staining of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with little background fluorescence, thus making interpretation and reading of fluorescence simple. The conjugate did not significantly stain cultures of N. meningitidis, Neisseria lactamica , nonpathogenic Neisseria species, or other gram-negative bacteria. Several preparations of the conjugate provided the same specificity and reproducibility of staining. The anti-LPS conjugate was compared with Difco Laboratories fluorescent antibody conjugate for staining of N. gonorrhoeae. Both conjugates stained cells of the light and dark variants of gonococcal colony types 1 and 2, as well as cells of colony types 3 and 4. When used for the confirmation of N. gonorrhoeae , the anti-LPS and Difco conjugates stained 426 of 431 (98.8%) and 210 of 213 (98.6%) of the gonococcal cultures, respectively. Absorption of the anti-LPS conjugate with R-type lipopolysaccharide removed the staining of gonococci. However, absorption of Difco conjugate with R-type lipopolysaccharide did not remove the staining of gonococci, suggesting that the majority of fluorescein-labeled antibody present in the Difco conjugate is directed to gonococcal cell surface components other than lipopolysaccharide. The results of this study indicate that fluorescein-labeled gonococcal lipopolysaccharide antibody should be a reliable fluorescent antibody reagent for the confirmation of N. gonorrhoeae.

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Pathogenic Neisseriae Can Use Hemoglobin, Transferrin, and Lactoferrin Independently of the tonBLocus

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.182.19.5586-5591.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 182 (19) ◽

pp. 5586-5591 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Pragnya Jasvantrai Desai ◽

Eric Garges ◽

Caroline Attardo Genco

Keyword(s):

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Neisseria Meningitidis ◽

Outer Membrane ◽

Deletion Mutant ◽

Iron Transport ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Wild Type ◽

Chromosomal Dna ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Type Strains

ABSTRACT Redundant TonB systems which function in iron transport from TonB-dependent ligands have recently been identified in several gram-negative bacteria. We demonstrate here that in addition to the previously described tonB locus, an alternative system exists for the utilization of iron from hemoglobin, transferrin, or lactoferrin in Neisseria meningitidis andNeisseria gonorrhoeae. Following incubation on media containing hemoglobin, N. meningitidis IR3436 (tonB exbB exbD deletion mutant) and N. gonorrhoeae PD3401 (tonB insertional mutant) give rise to colonies which can grow with hemoglobin. Transfer of Hb+ variants (PD3437 or PD3402) to media containing hemoglobin, transferrin, and/or lactoferrin as sole iron sources resulted in growth comparable to that observed for the wild-type strains. Transformation of N. meningitidis IR3436 or N. gonorrhoeae PD3401 with chromosomal DNA from the Hb+ variants yielded transformants capable of growth with hemoglobin. When we inactivated the TonB-dependent outer membrane hemoglobin receptors (HmbR or HpuB) in the NeisseriaHb+ variants, these strains could not grow with hemoglobin; however, growth was observed with transferrin and/or lactoferrin. These results demonstrate that accumulation of iron from hemoglobin, transferrin, and lactoferrin in the pathogenic neisseriae can occur via a system that is independent of the previously describedtonB locus.

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Revisiting the Gram-Negative Lipoprotein Paradigm

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.02414-14 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 197 (10) ◽

pp. 1705-1715 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Eric D. LoVullo ◽

Lori F. Wright ◽

Vincent Isabella ◽

Jason F. Huntley ◽

Martin S. Pavelka

Keyword(s):

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Francisella Tularensis ◽

Live Vaccine Strain ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

The Novel ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Content Type ◽

Sucrose Medium ◽

Small Colony ◽

Increased Susceptibility

ABSTRACTThe processing of lipoproteins (Lpps) in Gram-negative bacteria is generally considered an essential pathway. Mature lipoproteins in these bacteria are triacylated, with the final fatty acid addition performed by Lnt, an apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase. The mature lipoproteins are then sorted by the Lol system, with most Lpps inserted into the outer membrane (OM). We demonstrate here that thelntgene is not essential to the Gram-negative pathogenFrancisella tularensissubsp.tularensisstrain Schu or to the live vaccine strain LVS. An LVS Δlntmutant has a small-colony phenotype on sucrose medium and increased susceptibility to globomycin and rifampin. We provide data indicating that the OM lipoprotein Tul4A (LpnA) is diacylated but that it, and its paralog Tul4B (LpnB), still sort to the OM in the Δlntmutant. We present a model in which the Lol sorting pathway ofFrancisellahas a modified ABC transporter system that is capable of recognizing and sorting both triacylated and diacylated lipoproteins, and we show that this modified system is present in many other Gram-negative bacteria. We examined this model usingNeisseria gonorrhoeae, which has the same Lol architecture as that ofFrancisella, and found that thelntgene is not essential in this organism. This work suggests that Gram-negative bacteria fall into two groups, one in which full lipoprotein processing is essential and one in which the final acylation step is not essential, potentially due to the ability of the Lol sorting pathway in these bacteria to sort immature apolipoproteins to the OM.IMPORTANCEThis paper describes the novel finding that the final stage in lipoprotein processing (normally considered an essential process) is not required byFrancisella tularensisorNeisseria gonorrhoeae. The paper provides a potential reason for this and shows that it may be widespread in other Gram-negative bacteria.

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Profil uretritis gonokokus dan uretritis non gonokokus di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari – Desember 2013

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.4.2.2016.13648 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jonna Palenewen ◽

Ferra O. Mawu ◽

Nurdjanah J. Niode

Keyword(s):

Sexual Orientation ◽

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Sexual Contact ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Negative Bacterium ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Urethral Discharge ◽

Gonococcal Urethritis

Abstract: Gonococcal urethritis (GU) is an inflammation of the urethra caused by Gram negative bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae associated with complaints of itching and burning sensation, pain during urination, mucopurulent urethral discharge from the tip of the urethra which sometimes bleeds, and pollakiuria. Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) is an inflammation of the urethra caused by Gram-negative bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis which is transmitted through sexual contact. Symptoms include mild dysuria, an uneasy feeling in the urethra, pollakiuria, and seropurulent urethral discharge. This study aimed to determine the profile of gonococcal urethritis and non-gonococcal urethritis in the Dermatovenereology Clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from January-December 2013. This was a retrospective descriptive study based on the type of disease (GU or NGU), age, occupation, and sexual orientation. The results showed 204 cases of sexual transmitted infections (STIs). There were 27 cases of GU (6 %) and 10 cases of NGU (2 %). Most of GU and NGU patients were 25-44 years (17,46%) with private employment (17,47 %), and sexual orientation to heterosexual (37,10 %). Keywords: gonococcal urethritis, non-gonococcal urethritisAbstrak: Uretritis gonokokus (UG) ialah peradangan uretra disebabkan oleh bakteri Gram negatif Neisseria gonorrhoeae dengan keluhan gatal, panas, nyeri saat berkemih, dapat disertai keluar duh tubuh mukopurulen dari ujung uretra yang kadang mengeluarkan darah, dan polakisuria. Uretritis non gonokokus (UNG) ialah peradangan uretra disebabkan oleh bakteri Gram negatif Chlamydia trachomatis yang ditularkan melalui kontak seksual. Gejala berupa disuria ringan, perasaan tidak enak di uretra, polakisuria, dan keluarnya duh tubuh seropurulen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil uretritis gonokokus dan non gonokokus di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2013. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif retrospektif berdasarkan jenis penyakit (UG atau UNG), usia, pekerjaan, dan orientasi seksual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 204 kasus infeksi menular seksual (IMS) terdapat 27 kasus UG (6%) dan 10 kasus UNG (2%). Penderita terbanyak pada kelompok usia 25-44 tahun (17,46%), dengan pekerjaan swasta (17,47%), serta orientasi seksual dengan heteroseksual (37,100%).Kata kunci: uteritis gonokokus, uretritis non gonokokus

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A More Flexible Lipoprotein Sorting Pathway

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.00051-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 197 (10) ◽

pp. 1702-1704 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Peter Chahales ◽

David G. Thanassi

Keyword(s):

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Francisella Tularensis ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Acyl Transferase ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Content Type

Lipoprotein biogenesis in Gram-negative bacteria occurs by a conserved pathway, each step of which is considered essential. In contrast to this model, LoVullo and colleagues demonstrate that theN-acyl transferase Lnt is not required inFrancisella tularensisorNeisseria gonorrhoeae. This suggests the existence of a more flexible lipoprotein pathway, likely due to a modified Lol transporter complex, and raises the possibility that pathogens may regulate lipoprotein processing to modulate interactions with the host.

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Bacterial-Mucosal Cell Junctional Complexes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100050731 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 144-145

Author(s):

Roger C. Wagner

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Wall ◽

Rat Colon ◽

Mucosal Cell ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Mucosal Cells ◽

Mucosal Lining ◽

Degenerative Alterations ◽

Junctional Complexes ◽

Intestinal Mucosal Cells

Bacteria exhibit the ability to adhere to the apical surfaces of intestinal mucosal cells. These attachments either precede invasion of the intestinal wall by the bacteria with accompanying inflammation and degeneration of the mucosa or represent permanent anchoring sites where the bacteria never totally penetrate the mucosal cells.Endemic gram negative bacteria were found attached to the surface of mucosal cells lining the walls of crypts in the rat colon. The bacteria did not intrude deeper than 0.5 urn into the mucosal cells and no degenerative alterations were detectable in the mucosal lining.

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Rapid demonstration of septic or infectious arthritis due to Gram-negative bacteria

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100123830 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 686-687

Author(s):

Jacob S. Hanker ◽

Paul R. Gross ◽

Beverly L. Giammara

Keyword(s):

Chronic Arthritis ◽

Blood Cultures ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Infectious Arthritis ◽

Bacterial Arthritis ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria

Blood cultures are positive in approximately only 50 per cent of the patients with nongonococcal bacterial infectious arthritis and about 20 per cent of those with gonococcal arthritis. But the concept that gram-negative bacteria could be involved even in chronic arthritis is well-supported. Gram stains are more definitive in staphylococcal arthritis caused by gram-positive bacteria than in bacterial arthritis due to gram-negative bacteria. In the latter situation where gram-negative bacilli are the problem, Gram stains are helpful for 50% of the patients; they are only helpful for 25% of the patients, however, where gram-negative gonococci are the problem. In arthritis due to gram-positive Staphylococci. Gramstained smears are positive for 75% of the patients.

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