scholarly journals Structural Fingerprinting: Subgrouping of Comoviruses by Structural Studies of Red Clover Mottle Virus to 2.4-Å Resolution and Comparisons with Other Comoviruses

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 493-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianwei Lin ◽  
Anthony J. Clark ◽  
Zhongguo Chen ◽  
Michael Shanks ◽  
Jin-Bi Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Coat Proteins ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Bean Pod Mottle Virus ◽  
X Ray ◽  
N Terminus

ABSTRACT Red clover mottle virus (RCMV) is a member of the comoviruses, a group of picornavirus-like plant viruses. The X-ray structure of RCMV strain S has been determined and refined to 2.4 Å. The overall structure of RCMV is similar to that of two other comoviruses, Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) and Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV). The sequence of the coat proteins of RCMV strain O were modeled into the capsid structure of strain S without causing any distortion, confirming the close resemblance between the two strains. By comparing the RCMV structure with that of other comoviruses, a structural fingerprint at the N terminus of the small subunit was identified which allowed subgrouping of comoviruses into CPMV-like and BPMV-like viruses.

scholarly journals A Survey of Viruses Affecting French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Iran Includes a First Report of Southern bean mosaic virus and Bean pod mottle virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 1012-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Shahraeen ◽  
T. Ghotbi ◽  
A. Dezaje Elkhache ◽  
A. Sahandi
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Bean Pod Mottle Virus ◽  
Southern Bean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Leaf Distortion ◽  
Test Plants ◽  
Das Elisa

A survey was conducted from 2003 to 2004 to identify viruses infecting common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in different growing areas of East Azarbaejan Province of Iran. A total of 300 French bean samples with symptoms of viral infection (mosaic, vein clearing, leaf rolling, yellowing, and leaf distortion) were collected. The samples were tested for eight viruses using the tissue-blot immunoassay procedures (TBIA) (2) and double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) according to the manufacturer's instructions (DSMZ, Braun-schweig, Germany). ELISA tests for Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Bean leaf roll virus (BLRV), and Southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) were used. In addition, antiserum was provided by S. A. Ghabrial (University of Kentucky, Lexington) to test for Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV). Serological tests showed that SBMV and BPMV were present in 12% (35 samples) and 5% (15 samples) of samples, respectively. BCMV, BCMNV, BYMV, BLRV, CMV, and AMV were more common and were detected in 155, 105, 80, 46, 30, and 10 samples of 300 samples, respectively. These six viruses were previously reported in other pulses and in French bean in Iran (1). The presence of SBMV and BPMV were verified in samples by transmission to French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), and soybean (Glycine max) indicator test plants (3,4). Inoculation with extracts from SBMV-positive plants produced systemic mottle and mosaic symptoms in soybean (cv. Gorgan-3) and French bean (cvs. Dubbele Witte and Cheete). In cowpea (cv. Mashad) and French bean (cv. Pinto), inoculation produced necrotic local lesions. Inoculation with extracts from BPMV-positive plants produced severe mosaic, leaf distortion, and puckering in soybean (cv. Gorgan-3) and French bean (cv. Ten-dergreen). No symptoms were observed in cowpea (cv. Mashad). Cvs. Pinto and Bountiful bean reacted with necrotic local lesions. All indicator test plants tested positive for the presence of SBMV or BPMV as expected using DAS-ELISA. To our knowledge, this is the first report of BPMV and SBMV naturally infecting French bean in Iran. These viruses can cause a serious problem to other leguminous crops grown in Iran. References: (1) W. J. Kaiser et al. Plant Dis. Rep. 52:687, 1968. (2) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994. (3) J. S. Semancik. Bean pod mottle virus. No. 108 in: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. CMI/AAB, Kew, Surrey, England, 1972. (4) J. H. Tremain and R. I. Hamilton. Southern bean mosaic virus. No. 274 in: Descriptions of Plant Viruses. CMI/AAB, Kew, Surrey, England, 1983.

Ribosome Structural Organization

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
James A. Lake
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Complete Sequences

The understanding of ribosome structure has advanced considerably in the last several years. Biochemists have characterized the constituent proteins and rRNA's of ribosomes. Complete sequences have been determined for some ribosomal proteins and specific antibodies have been prepared against all E. coli small subunit proteins. In addition, a number of naturally occuring systems of three dimensional ribosome crystals which are suitable for structural studies have been observed in eukaryotes. Although the crystals are, in general, too small for X-ray diffraction, their size is ideal for electron microscopy.

Structural studies of bean pod mottle virus, capsid and RNA in crystal and solution states by laser Raman spectroscopy

Biochemistry ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (21) ◽  
pp. 5018-5026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiansheng Li ◽  
Zhongguo Chen ◽  
John E. Johnson ◽  
George J. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Virus Capsid ◽  
Bean Pod Mottle Virus ◽  
Laser Raman

Effects of single and mixed infections of Bean pod mottle virus and Soybean mosaic virus on host‐plant chemistry and host–vector interactions

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1648-1659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda G. V. Peñaflor ◽  
Kerry E. Mauck ◽  
Kelly J. Alves ◽  
Consuelo M. De Moraes ◽  
Mark C. Mescher
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Plant Chemistry ◽  
Bean Pod Mottle Virus

scholarly journals Occurrence of Seed Coat Mottling in Soybean Plants Inoculated with Bean pod mottle virus and Soybean mosaic virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1333-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Hobbs ◽  
G. L. Hartman ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
C. B. Hill ◽  
R. L. Bernard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Bean Pod Mottle Virus ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Soybean Seed Coat

Soybean seed coat mottling often has been a problematic symptom for soybean growers and the soybean industry. The percentages of seed in eight soybean lines with seed coat mottling were evaluated at harvest after inoculating plants during the growing season with Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV), Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), and both viruses inside an insect-proof cage in the field. Results from experiments conducted over 2 years indicated that plants infected with BPMV and SMV, alone or in combination, produced seed coat mottling, whereas noninoculated plants produced little or no mottled seed. BPMV and SMV inoculated on the same plants did not always result in higher percentages of mottled seed compared with BPMV or SMV alone. There was significant virus, line, and virus-line interaction for seed coat mottling. The non-seed-coat-mottling gene (Im) in Williams isoline L77-5632 provided limited, if any, protection against mottling caused by SMV and none against BPMV. The Peanut mottle virus resistance gene Rpv1 in Williams isoline L85-2308 did not give any protection against mottling caused by SMV, whereas the SMV resistance gene Rsv1 in Williams isoline L78-379 and the resistance gene or genes in the small-seeded line L97-946 gave high levels of protection against mottling caused by SMV. The correlations (r = 0.77 for year 2000 and r = 0.89 for year 2001) between virus infection of the parent plant and seed coat mottling were significant (P = 0.01), indicating that virus infection of plants caused seed coat mottling.

scholarly journals A Unique Glycine-Rich Motif at the N-terminal Region of Bamboo mosaic virus Coat Protein Is Required for Symptom Expression

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 903-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Lan ◽  
Wen-Bin Yeh ◽  
Chih-Wei Tsai ◽  
Na-Sheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Coat Proteins ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Local Lesions

The coat proteins (CP) of many plant viruses are multifunctional proteins. We used N-terminal sequencing and mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analysis to identify a truncated form of the Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) CP missing the N-terminal 35 amino acids (N35). The N35 region is unique in the potexviruses by its containing a glycine-rich motif (GRM) not present in databases but highly conserved among BaMV isolates. Results from site-directed mutagenesis and deletion mutational analysis showed that loss of this region converted necrotic local lesions to chlorotic local lesions on Chenopodium quinoa leaves. Furthermore, this region is required for successful development of mosaic symptoms on Nicotiana benthamiana leaves but is dispensable for BaMV replication and cell-to-cell and long-distance movement as well as virion assembly. This unique GRM-containing region of BaMV CP may be a symptom determinant in specific hosts.

Incidence of Alfalfa mosaic virus, Bean pod mottle virus, and Soybean mosaic virus in Nebraska Soybean Fields

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loren J. Giesler ◽  
Amy D. Ziems
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
North Central Region ◽  
Bean Pod Mottle Virus ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North

The incidence of soybean viruses is increasing across the North Central Region of the United States as indicated by survey efforts and grower reports from several states. To determine the level of virus infection in Nebraska, we surveyed soybean fields for two consecutive years. Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) was detected in 52% of the fields in 2001 and in 56% of fields in 2002. The incidence of Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) varied more, with 54% of fields testing positive in 2001 and 91% testing positive in 2002. Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) was not detected in 2001, but it was detected in 31% of fields in 2002. The widespread distribution of detected SMV in 2002 is suggestive of introduction with seed. The incidence of BPMV was significantly higher in fields planted earlier than the recommended optimum planting date in one of the two years studied. The widespread incidence of AMV and BPMV and the irregular occurrence of SMV indicate that further studies of soybean viral diseases in Nebraska are warranted. Accepted for publication 13 March 2006. Published 24 April 2006.

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