scholarly journals Multicenter Hospital-Based Prospective Surveillance Study of Bacterial Agents Causing Meningitis and Seroprevalence of Different Serogroups of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae Type b, and Streptococcus pneumoniae during 2015 to 2018 in Turkey

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ceyhan ◽  
Yasemin Ozsurekci ◽  
Sevgen Tanır Basaranoglu ◽  
Nezahat Gurler ◽  
Enes Sali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Type B ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT The etiology of bacterial meningitis in Turkey changed after the implementation of conjugated vaccines against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in the Turkish National Immunization Program (NIP). Administration of Hib vaccine and PCV-7 (7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) was implemented in NIP in 2006 and 2009, respectively. In 2011, PCV-7 was replaced with PCV-13. Meningococcal vaccines have not yet been included in Turkish NIP. This prospective study comprised 27 hospitals located in seven regions of Turkey and represented 45% of the population. Children aged between 1 month and 18 years who were hospitalized with suspected meningitis were included. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected, and bacterial identification was made according to the multiplex PCR assay results. During the study period, 994 children were hospitalized for suspected meningitis, and Hib (n = 3, 2.4%), S. pneumoniae (n = 33, 26.4%), and Neisseria meningitidis (n = 89, 71%) were detected in 125 samples. The most common meningococcal serogroup was MenB. Serogroup W comprised 13.9% (n = 5) and 7.5% (n = 4) of the meningococci in 2015 to 2016 and 2017 to 2018, respectively. Serogroup C was not detected. There were four deaths in the study; one was a pneumococcus case, and the others were serogroup B meningococcus cases. The epidemiology of meningococcal diseases has varied over time in Turkey. Differing from the previous surveillance periods, MenB was the most common serogroup in the 2015-to-2018 period. Meningococcal epidemiology is so dynamic that, for vaccination policies, close monitoring is crucial. IMPORTANCE Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) is one of the most common life-threatening infections in children. The incidence and prevalence of ABM vary both geographically and temporally; therefore, surveillance systems are necessary to determine the accurate burden of ABM. The Turkish Meningitis Surveillance Group has been performing a hospital-based meningitis surveillance study since 2005 across several regions in Turkey. Meningococcus was the major ABM-causing agent during the 2015-to-2018 period, during which MenB was the dominant serogroup.

scholarly journals Detection of Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in Cerebrospinal Fluid by Multiplex PCR for Diagnosis of Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Paediatric Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Nilufar Yeasmin Nili
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Etiologic Diagnosis

The present study was done to evaluate a multiplex PCR based method for simultaneous detection of Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in CSF. A cross sectional study was carried out with 140 children (2 months to 12 years of age) with clinical suspicion of acute meningitis during July 2010 to June 2011. Three species-specific primers were used along with universal primers of bacterial gene 16S rRNA, in a two-stage PCR assay for diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis.Among 140 patients, 42 (30%) cases were diagnosed as bacterial meningitis and other 98 (70%) as viral meningitis by clinical and cytobiochemical criteria. Out of 42 bacterial meningitis cases, 9 (21.43%) were positive by Gram stain.These 9 cases were also positive by bacterial culture and PCR. Again, 15 (35.71%) were positive by bacterial culture which were also PCR positive. In 27 cases (out of 42), the etiologic diagnosis was not possible using routine bacteriological methods; in 11 of these patients, the etiologic agents were identified by PCR. In addition, PCR recognized 5 more cases whose etiologic diagnosis was not possible, as they were identified by universal primer of 16S rRNA. Hence, among 31 (73.81%) PCR positive cases, 12 (38.71%) were S. pneumoniae, 10 (32.26%) were H. influenzae, 4 (12.9%) were N. meningitidis and 5 (16.13%) were other bacteria.Among the antibiotic users, bacterial meningitis case detection by PCR was higher (65.52%) than that of culture (10.34%) and Gram staining (6.90%). The overall sensitivity and specificity of PCR assay was 100% and 66% respectively when bacterial culture was considered as gold standard. PCR can be used as a valuable supplementary diagnostic technique in routine clinical practice for diagnosis of acute bacterial meningitis in hospital setting. Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2017; 11 (2): 9-16

scholarly journals Antibody Persistence in Young Children 5 Years after Vaccination with a Combined Haemophilus influenzae Type b-Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup C Conjugate Vaccine Coadministered with Diphtheria-Tetanus-Acellular Pertussis-Based and Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 555-563
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Tejedor ◽  
Jerzy Brzostek ◽  
Ryszard Konior ◽  
Detlef Grunert ◽  
Devayani Kolhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Type B ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antibody Persistence

We evaluated antibody persistence in children up to 5 years after administration of a combinedHaemophilus influenzaetype b (Hib)-Neisseria meningitidisserogroup C (MenC)-tetanus toxoid (TT) conjugate vaccine coadministered with a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. This is the follow-up study of a randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT00334334/00463437) in which healthy children were vaccinated (primary vaccinations at 2, 4, and 6 months of age and booster vaccination at 11 to 18 months of age) with Hib-MenC-TT or a control MenC conjugate vaccine, coadministered with diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTPa)-based combination vaccines (DTPa/Hib for control groups) and a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (10-valent pneumococcal nontypeableH. influenzaeprotein D conjugate vaccine [PHiD-CV] or 7-valent cross-reacting material 197 [CRM197] conjugate vaccine [7vCRM]). MenC antibody titers were measured with a serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) assay using rabbit complement (i.e., rabbit SBA [rSBA]), and antibodies against Hib polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibody persistence up to 5 years after booster vaccination is reported for 530 children ∼6 years of age. The percentages of children with seroprotective rSBA-MenC titers were between 24.2% and 40.1% in all groups approximately 5 years after booster vaccination. More than 98.5% of children in each group retained seroprotective anti-PRP concentrations. No vaccine-related serious adverse events and no events related to a lack of vaccine efficacy were reported. Approximately 5 years after booster vaccination, the majority of children retained seroprotective anti-PRP antibody concentrations. The percentage of children retaining seroprotective rSBA-MenC titers was low (≤40%), suggesting that a significant proportion of children may be unprotected against MenC disease. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00891176.)

scholarly journals Increasing Chloramphenicol Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates from Papua New Guinean Children with Acute Bacterial Meningitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 4454-4456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurens Manning ◽  
Moses Laman ◽  
Andrew R. Greenhill ◽  
Audrey Michael ◽  
Peter Siba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Chloramphenicol Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Papua New Guinean

ABSTRACTIn Papua New Guinean (PNG) children with acute bacterial meningitis (ABM), allHaemophilus influenzaeisolates were resistant to chloramphenicol. AlthoughStreptococcus pneumoniaeisolates had a median chloramphenicol MIC of 3 μg/ml, it was ≥4 μg/ml in 42.8%, and the likelihood of an area under the 24-hour concentration-time curve/MIC ratio of >100 h at a MIC of ≥4 μg/ml was approximately 50%. All isolates were ceftriaxone sensitive. These data support ceftriaxone rather than conventional chloramphenicol for all PNG children with suspected ABM.

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