Early Paleozoic composite mélange terrane, central Appalachian Piedmont, Virginia and Maryland; Its origin and tectonic history

Author(s):  
Louis Pavlides
1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 686-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alcock ◽  
Mary Emma Wagner

Interpretation of the early Paleozoic tectonic history of the Appalachian Piedmont is commonly complicated by post-Taconian deformation that has disrupted and obscured early Paleozoic structure. Blocks that lie between zones where later deformation has been concentrated, however, may preserve evidence of Taconian high-grade metamorphism. In these cases, analysis of metamorphism allows an interpretation of the early Paleozoic tectonic history of the block and its surrounding region. A block of this type in the Pennsylvania–Delaware Piedmont includes three tectonic units: (1) the basement-cored massifs of southeastern Pennsylvania with Grenvillian gneiss unconformably overlain by the Setters Formation and Cockeysville Marble; (2) the Wilmington Complex arc terrane; and (3) the Wissahickon Group and associated metaigneous rocks. A metamorphic gradient and inferred temperature inversion within the Wissahickon Group and a metamorphic discontinuity at the Wissahickon Group–Cockeysville Marble contact are used to establish that the Wilmington Complex was first joined with the Wissahickon Group and that the two units were then emplaced together onto the rocks now exposed in the massifs. An observed correlation of amphibolite-facies mineral assemblages in the Cockeysville Marble with their distance from the Wissahickon Group indicates that peak metamorphism of the marble occurred after the metapelites were emplaced. As amphibolite-facies metamorphism of the basement-cored massifs has been previously dated as Taconian, it follows that the assembly of these tectonic units occurred in the early Paleozoic.


Author(s):  
Eugene J. Amaral

Examination of sand grain surfaces from early Paleozoic sandstones by electron microscopy reveals a variety of secondary effects caused by rock-forming processes after final deposition of the sand. Detailed studies were conducted on both coarse (≥0.71mm) and fine (=0.25mm) fractions of St. Peter Sandstone, a widespread sand deposit underlying much of the U.S. Central Interior and used in the glass industry because of its remarkably high silica purity.The very friable sandstone was disaggregated and sieved to obtain the two size fractions, and then cleaned by boiling in HCl to remove any iron impurities and rinsed in distilled water. The sand grains were then partially embedded by sprinkling them onto a glass slide coated with a thin tacky layer of latex. Direct platinum shadowed carbon replicas were made of the exposed sand grain surfaces, and were separated by dissolution of the silica in HF acid.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 1-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Manzotti ◽  
Michel Ballèvrei
Keyword(s):  

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