A Method for the Evaluation of Anaerobic Threshold Based on Heart Rate Dynamics during Incremental Exercise Test and Recovery

Six intact (IN) and six splenectomized (SP) mares were subjected to an incremental exercise test to examine the role of decreases in plasma volume (PV) in the changes in hematocrit (Hct) normally seen with exercise. Each horse underwent an incremental exercise test in which it ran on a treadmill up a fixed incline of 6 degrees. The test started at a speed of 4 m/s, and speed was increased 1 m/s each min until heart rate reached a plateau. Blood samples were obtained at rest and at the end of the 4, 5, 6, and 7 m/s steps of the exercise test. Resting PV was greater (P < 0.05) in the IN group (28.6 +/- 0.5 liters) compared with SP horses (22.7 +/- 2.2 liters). Exercise produced a significant increase in Hct in both groups of horses; however, the increases were greater (P < 0.05) at all exercise intensities in IN compared with SP horses. Hct increased rapidly during the first step (4 m/s) in the exercise test in the IN animals. After this, Hct increased slowly in IN horses, and values for the 5, 6, and 7 m/s steps paralleled the changes observed in the SP horses. Corrected Hct values were then used to calculate the relative change in PV. Exercise produced a significant decrease in PV in both groups of horses; however, there were no differences (P > 0.05) between the groups when IN horses (-13 +/- 3 and -18 +/- 2%) were compared with SP horses (-14 +/- 4 and -17 +/- 4%) at the 6 and 7 m/s steps of the exercise test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Physiological Responses to Short-Duration High-Intensity Intermittent Rowing

Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1139/h96-016 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 197-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lennart Gullstrand

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

Exercise Test ◽

Intermittent Exercise ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Incremental Exercise ◽

Competition Intensity ◽

Incremental Exercise Test ◽

Rowing Ergometer

Six highly trained male elite rowers performed five sets of intermittent exercise on a rowing ergometer at competition intensity. Each set consisted of eight cycles of 15 s work and 15 s rest (15/15). Each set was repeated at 30-s intervals. Oxygen uptake and heart rate were continuously measured during each set. During the period between sets, microsamples of arterialized blood were obtained and later analyzed for lactate concentration. On two separate days, each subject also performed a 6-min bout of "all-out " exercise and a continuous incremental exercise test to fatigue on the rowing ergometer. During the intermittent rowing, no significant differences were detected in any of the measured variables between sets. Heart rate, oxygen uptake, and blood lactate averaged 89, 78, and 32%, respectively, of peak values measured during the continuous incremental exercise test. It is concluded that with rowing, the investigated 15/15 intermittent exercise model demands relatively high aerobic loading and low glycolytic activity. This exercise protocol may be considered an alternative model for training which allows rowers to work for prolonged periods of time at or slightly above competition intensity. Key words: Intermittent exercise, blood lactate, heart rate, oxygen uptake

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Evaluation of physical fitness in police dogs using an incremental exercise test

Comparative Exercise Physiology ◽

10.3920/cep12027 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (3-4) ◽

pp. 219-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. Alves ◽

A. Santos ◽

P. Brites ◽

G. Ferreira-Dias

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Exercise Test ◽

Recovery Period ◽

Incremental Exercise ◽

Measuring Device ◽

Incremental Exercise Test ◽

The Mean ◽

Police Dogs

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using blood lactate (BL), heart rate (HR) and rectal temperature (RT) to evaluate the physical fitness of police dogs using a treadmill incremental exercise test. The animals (n=20) were exercised using a protocol that consisted of five stages of six minutes each at increasing speeds of 9.66, 11.27, 12.87, 14.48 and 16.09 km/h with a slope adjusted to 10%. The test ended when the animal completed the five steps or when exhaustion was reached, either during or between steps. BL from the marginal ear vein, HR and RT were measured on the police dogs at rest (T0), after each step (T1 to T5) and after a recovery period of 20 minutes (T6). The mean duration of exercise was 19 min 17 s (standard deviation ± 5 min 30 s), with only one animal completing all five stages. In the case of BL, no differences were found when comparing consecutive stages, but when compared to the values at rest (T0), a significant increase was found in T2 (P<0.05), T3, T4 and T6 (P<0.001). When the RT was considered, an increase was found between T0 and T3 (P<0.05). HR was the parameter in which the largest variations were observed, between T1 and T2 (P<0.05), and T1, T4 and T6 when compared to the stage immediately before (P<0.01). When compared to T0, all stages showed differences (P<0.001). However, no correlation was found between the parameters evaluated in this test. This study showed the feasibility of evaluating the physical fitness of police dogs using a blood sample from the marginal ear vein and a lactate portable measuring device. It was also found that the values recorded in animals previously familiarised with the treadmill were similar to those that were not. This work provides data that can be used in training and testing of dogs that perform this kind of work, and can be the basis for further studies.

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Heart Rate During an Exercise Test and Acute High-intensity Interval Training in Type 2 Diabetes

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-1015-0591 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (06) ◽

pp. 365-372

Author(s):

Omar Andrade-Mayorga ◽

Rodrigo Mancilla ◽

Erik Díaz ◽

Cristian Alvarez

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Exercise Test ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Incremental Exercise ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Incremental Exercise Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Intensity Interval

AbstractTo describe and compare the acute heart rate changes during an incremental exercise test and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in subjects of different glucose control. Seventy-five adults were allocated into three groups: Normoglycaemic (NG, n=32), Pre- (PreT2D, n=30) and Type 2 diabetic (T2D, n=13) subjects. Subjects performed an incremental cycling test to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), maximum heart rate (HRmax) and HR recovery post maximal effort, as well as a HIIT cycling session. HR variations are reported as HR pre (HR-preINT), and post interval (HR-postINT), percentage of maximum HR (%HRmax), delta of HR increased (∆HRINT), and delta HR recovery after each interval (∆HRR). By groups, there was a significant difference for the %HRmax in 1st and 2nd, but not in intervals 3rd to 10th between Pre-T2D and T2D groups. There were significant differences for the %HRmax in 1st to 2nd intervals between Pre-T2D and T2D groups. Significant (P<0.05) differences at some intervals were found for ΔHRINT, and ΔHRR. These findings suggest that the HR during an incremental exercise test, and from a typical 10-intervals based HIIT protocol could be used as an intensity marker for individuals independent of their glycaemic control.

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A modified D-max method to estimate heart rate at a ventilatory threshold during an incremental exercise test

2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) ◽

10.1109/embc.2017.8037857 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Dae-Geun Jang ◽

Byung-Hoon Ko ◽

Sub Sunoo ◽

Sang-Seok Nam ◽

Hun-Young Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Exercise Test ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Incremental Exercise ◽

Incremental Exercise Test

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Aerobic Capacity of Elderly People after a Short 6-week Intermittent Exercise Programme

Clinical & Investigative Medicine ◽

10.25011/cim.v30i3.1720 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Evelyne Lonsdorfer-Wolf ◽

Stéphane Doutreleau ◽

Ruddy Richard ◽

Bernard Geny ◽

Jean Lonsdorfer

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Aerobic Capacity ◽

Exercise Test ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Intermittent Exercise ◽

Exercise Programme ◽

Incremental Exercise ◽

Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽

Maximal Heart Rate ◽

Incremental Exercise Test

Background: One of the most debilitating effects of advancing age is the progressive decline in aerobic exercise capacity. To prevent this decrease, exercise prescription has been proved to be effective in compensating for the age-associated decline in maximal oxygen capacity. Methods: 27 healthy sedentary elderly men (10) and women (17) aged 67±7 yr, were involved in a tailored 6-week intermittent exercise programme, with 30 min cycling per session, 3 times a week. One session alternated 4 min at a workload corresponding to the ventilatory threshold (called “bases”) and 1 min to a charge corresponding to 90% of the maximum tolerated power of the subjects (called “peaks”). This was repeated 6 times during one session. To determine these charges, all subjects underwent a 1-minute-step maximal incremental exercise test to find out their maximal tolerated power, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), maximal heart rate, and maximal lactate. A second maximal incremental exercise test was performed after the programme, to compare the different parameters. Results: For the whole group, maximal tolerated power increased from 113±8 watts to 13±9 watts (P < 0.001), VO2 peak increased from 19.8±0.9 ml·kg-1·min-1 to 22.2 ±0.9 ml·kg-1·min-1 (P=0.002), maximal heart rate (143±4 vs 144±4 beats·min-1) and maximal lactate (5.4±0.3 vs 5.7±0.3 mmol·L-1) did not change. VO2 at ventilatory threshold increased from 950±57 ml·min-1 to 1095±69 ml·min-1 (P=0.007), and the corresponding power increased from 65±5 watts to 82±6 watts (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Even after a short time training programme (6 weeks), we observed a significant improvement in aerobic capacity, and especially in sub-maximal workloads, which represented, for these subjects, their daily-life capacity.

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