Soil-Archaeological Study of the Votikeevo Medieval Archeological Site in the Northern Forest-Steppe Zone of the Southern Cis-Ural Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-293
Author(s):  
R. R. Suleymanov ◽  
V. V. Ovsyannikov ◽  
A. G. Kolonskih ◽  
E. V. Abakumov ◽  
A. Ya. Kungurtsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Archeological Site

scholarly journals Genotype-environment interaction, productivity and adaptive potential of spring wheat varieties

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
V. A. Sapega
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Average Productivity ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Late Group

The assessment of productivity and the parameters of adaptability allowed to use and perspective mid-season and mid-late varieties of spring wheat in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Ural region carried out. The varieties were tested in 2014-2016 on the steam predecessor in three climatic zones: subtaiga (II zone), northern forest-steppe (III zone) and southern forest-steppe (IV zone). The greatest interaction a genotype-environment is noted when calculating correlation dependence between productivity of varieties in various years of their test in the conditions of the southern forest-steppe zone (from r=-0,07±0.28 to r=0,41±0,25). Assessment of productivity and parameters of adaptability of spring wheat varieties in 9 environments (3 years x 3 GSU) has shown that Aviada allowed to use characterized the greatest maximum and average productivity in group of mid-season varieties (respectively 5,86 and 3,78 t/hectare), and in the mid-late group – a perspective Quintus (respectively 6,98 and 4,58 t/hectare). The considerable variability of productivity is noted.  Its size was from 23,0 % (Ikar) to 29,9 % (Aviada) in group of mid-season varieties, and at the mid-late group – from 25,6 % (Riks) to 31,6 % (Quintus). Resistance to stress of varieties was low irrespective of group of their ripeness. Ikar (-2,32) had the greatest indicator of resistance to stress in group mid-season varieties, and in the mid-late group – Riks (-2,54). Aviada (4,24 t/hectare) was characterized the greatest average productivity in contrast conditions in mid-season group and in the mid-late group – Quintus (4,73 t/hectare). Three groups of varieties were allocated on responsiveness for change of conditions:  high responsiveness (mid-season – the Lutescens 70, Aviada; mid-late – the Melody, Quintus), plastic (mid-season – Chernyava 13, Skent 3, Omskaya 36, Tyumenskaya 25, Tyumenskaya 29; mid-late – Ingala, Yamalskaya) and poorly responsiveness (mid-season – Ikar, Sigma; mid-late – Riks, the Stepnaya Niva). The low gomeostasis is revealed at all varieties irrespective of group of ripeness. The variety Ikar (Hom=6,59) was the best on a gomeostasis in mid-season group, and at the mid-late group – Riks (Hom=5,48). In general all varieties were characterized by the low general adaptive ability (GAA). Its rather high values in group of mid-season varieties are revealed at Aviada (OAC=0,19), and at the  mid-late group – Quintus (OAC=0,50). Tyumenskaya 25 and Tyumenskaya 29 are recognized the best mid-season varieties in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Ural region on the basis of complex assessment of productivity and parameters of adaptability, and at the mid-late group – Melody and Ingala.

scholarly journals On the Quality of Bare-Grained Oats and Influence of its Cultivation Technology Elements on the Yie

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1754-1759
Author(s):  
Elena Anatolyevna Yegushova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Pure Steam ◽  
Sowing Period

The research was carried out with the aim to establish the formation regularity of both yield and its elements, as well as to formulate technological and quality indicators of bare-grained oats under the influence of different sowing periods. The studies were carried out in the conditions of the northern forest-steppe zone of the Kemerovo region (Russia) on the territory belonging to the Kemerovo Research Institute of Agriculture, a branch of the SFNCA RAS in 2018-2019. The soil of the site is leached chernozem, heavy loamy in granulometric composition, of medium thickness. The object of research was the mid-season variety of bare-grained oats Bare-grained. The predecessor is pure steam. Sowing was carried out in three periods: early – on May 4 (when the soil was physically ripe, subsequent ones with an interval of 8-10 days, depending on the prevailing weather conditions), medium - on May 12 and 14, late - on May 20 and 24. Against the background of each sowing period, the seeding rates of 4.0 were studied; 4.5; 5.0; 5.5; 6.0 million crops/ha. It has been established that the optimal sowing time for obtaining high quantitative indicators (yield, number of grains, grain size) of bare-grained oats in the northern forest-steppe of the Kemerovo region is an early period (first decade of May); while a later period (third decade of May) is more promising for such high-quality indicators as protein content, fat in grain, essential and nonessential amino acids, etc. The optimal seeding rate for bare-grained oats at early sowing period is 4.0-4.5 million/ha. At a later period, it is advisable to increase the seeding rate to 5.0-5.5 million/ha.

scholarly journals The Sites of the Early Nomads on the North-East Periphery of the Sarmatian World

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Aleksander Tairov
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Burial Site ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Burial Rites ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

The paper publishes new materials of the early Sarmatian time from the North-East periphery of the Sarmatian World – the Southern forest-steppe and steppe zones of the Trans-Ural region within the bounds of the modern Chelyabinsk region. The territory of the Southern forest-steppe is represented by the materials of the ruined burial, which is situated on the shore of the lake Smolino within the bounds of Chelyabinsk. It is dated by the early 4th century BC. There are three accidental finds from this region: iron daggers as well. The daggers with curved bar-shaped pommels and arcuate cross-guards are classified as daggers of “transitional type” and are dated by the 4th century BC. The third dagger with a semicircular pommel and a straight cross-guard is included in the group of classical Prokhorovka daggers and is dated the 3rd – 2nd centuries BC. This paper presents the materials of two peculiar burial complexes from the steppe zone of the Southern Trans-Urals. The burial near Mogutovka village is the only one burial (without a barrow) of the early Sarmatian time, which was investigated in the Southern Trans-Ural region. It is situated on the first terrace above the floodplain of the Kamysty-Ayat river. The localization of the burial is not typical for the sites of the early Trans-Ural nomads of the 1st millennium BC. The early Sarmatian burial of the 3rd – 2nd centuries BC was excavated in Druzhinskiy burial site. It was made in the burial pit, which combines signs of a catacomb and an alcove. A child buried here was dressed in a shirt, whose collar and sleeves were decorated with beading. Publishing materials will help to expand the point of view on burial rites and material culture of the early Trans-Ural nomads of the early Sarmatian time, which exists in scientific literature.

Meadows of north forest-steppe and subtaiga on the Tobol and the Irtysh watershed

2015 ◽  
pp. 129-147
Author(s):  
M. P. Tishchenko ◽  
A. Yu. Korolyuk ◽  
N. I. Makunina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
West Siberian Plain ◽  
Meadow Steppe ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
Diagnostic Species ◽  
Zonal Vegetation

The Tobol and the Irtysh watershed occupy the western part of West-Siberian plain. Area studied covers latitudinal band between 55° and 57° n. l. It includes the southern part of subtaiga subzone and northern part of forest-steppe zone. This territory has been used for agriculture since XVIIth century. In the middle of XXth century the local landscapes were represented by endless arable lands alternated with tiny patches of forests on the watersheds and swamps and solonchaks prevailing at lowlands. In the end of XXth century the large areas of arable lands, especially in northern part of mentioned area, were abandoned. Nowadays this area is covered by fallow meadows on different stages of demutation. Vegetation studies of the region have started in the end of XIXth century. One of the best scientific works on local grasslands was written by B. N. Gorodkov (1915). The spectrum of natural plant communities demonstrates some changes fr om south to north. These changes enclose both zonal and intrazonal vegetation. The southern part of the area studied belongs to forest-steppe zone. Its zonal vegetation is represented by small-leaved forests, grasslands (steppe meadows) and meadow steppes. Zonal vegetation of northern part — subtaiga subzone — includes only small-leaved forests. The watershed grasslands replace the cut-off forests. Intrazonal vegetation of southern part consists of various grasslands on salty soils and swamps predominated in the northern part. The border of forest-steppe and subtaiga represents a combination of zonal and intrazonal communities disturbed by man. The goal of this article is to reveal the diversity of grasslands on drained soils of mentioned area. The analysis of 151 geobotanical relevйs obtained fr om subtaiga and northern forest-steppe of Omskaya and Tyumenskaya administrative districts has been carried out. The syntaxonomy of the Tobol-and-the Irtysh watershed grasslands is represented by 6 associations, 4 subassociations and 2 communities of 4 alliances, 4 order and 2 classes. Subtaiga and northern forest steppe are charac­terized by different spectra of grasslands. This can be explained by a presence of wide range of saline soils in forest-steppe and their absence in subtaiga. The floristic composition of grasslands of forest-steppes zone includes the plants tolerant to soil salinity such as Artemisia pontica, Galatella biflora, Plantago maxi­ma, Eryngium planum, Saussurea amara, Limonium gmelinii. The listed species are rare in subtaiga grasslands while Festuca pratensis, Phleum pratense, Agrostis gigantea of alliance Festucion pratensis are dominated in subtaiga grassland meadows. Steppe meadows of this territory are represented by two classes. Northern forest-steppe subzone demonstrates the northern lim it of Festuco-Brometea (alliance Galatellion biflorae of order Festucetalia valesiacae). The associations Galatello biflorae–Calamagrostietum epigeii and Galio borealis–Artemisietum ponticae occupy the zonal positions. Their communities are characterize by high activity of meadow-steppe mesoxerophytes that are the diagnostic of the class Festuco-Brometea. The meadow mesophytes dominate in subtaiga steppe meadows absolutely; meadow-steppe species are rare. They are marked with a lack of diagnostic species of alliance Galatellion biflorae. They are ascribed to the class Molinio–Arrhenatheretea, order Galietalia veri and alliance Trifolion montani as the communities Filipendula stepposa–Cenolophium denudatum and Astragalus danicus–Potentilla anserinа. Forest steppe meadows of alliance Aconito barbati–Vicion unijugae (order Carici macrou­rae–Crepidetalia sibiricae, class Molinio-Arrhena­theretea) are usual for northern, subtaiga subzone of the Tobol and the Irtysh watershed. Diagnostic species list of the communities belonging to the order Carici macrourae–Crepidetalia sibiricae on West-Siberian plain is impoverished in comparison with the uplands and the mountains of South Siberia wh ere this order was described by Ermakov et al. (1999). We have revealed 2 new associations of alliance Aconito barbati–Vicion unijugae: Aegopodio podagrariae–Brachypodietum pinnati and Dracocephalo ruyschiani–Heracleetum sibiricae. In subtaiga subzone communities of these associations occupy the small well drained habitats between mesophytic forests and arable lands. The first association unites the xerophytic forest meadows with Aegopodium podagraria dominance, occurring only on right bank of the Ishim River. The second one includes forest meadows of subtaiga widely spread on the Tobol and the Irtysh watershed. Association Dracocephalo ruyschiani–Heracleetum sibiricae comprises two subassociations: D. r.–H. s. typicum and D. r.–H. s.molinietosum caeruleae. One of diagnostic species of the last mentioned subassociation is Molinia caerulea that is a common species of boreal wet meadows of Europe. The eastern border of this species distribution is on the left riverside of the Ishim River. Meadows of alliance Festucion pratensis of order Arrhenatheretalia are characteristic only for subtaiga, they belong to two associations. Meadows of subassociation Cirsio setosi–Phleetum pratensis pastinacetosum sylvestris are widespread. They are wide spread over the abandoned arable lands and rather monotonous by their floristic composition. The floristic peculiarity of plant communities is abundance of diagnostic species of classes Artemisietea и Chenopodietea. Meadows of Agrostio tenuis–Festucetum pratensis Yamalov 2005 occur on sandy soils; they present one of the first stages of pine forest demutation. Some of species are not characteristic for typical subassociation described by S. M. Yamalov (2005), therefore the meadows of this association on the Tobol and the Irtysh watershed are referred to a new subassociation A. t.–F. p. senecionetosum jacobaea.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Application of Mineral Fertilizers for Winter Wheat on Leached Black Chernozem

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenia Moiseeva ◽  
Alexander Karmatskikh ◽  
Anastasia Moiseeva
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
The Cost

The article considers the issue of productivity and economic efficiency of the use of slow-acting nitrogen fertilizers obtained using the ”Si” technology of winter wheat. The studies were carried out in 2014–2017 in the northern forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region on the experimental field of the Agrotechnological Institute of the GAU of the Northern Trans-Urals. increased winter wheat grain yield. Winter wheat productivity according to the studied options on average over the years of research ranged from 3.36–3.41 t/ha, which is higher than the control about the option of 0.27–0.32 t/ha. The economic efficiency of the fertilizers used was determined by the cost of increasing the crop and the cost of obtaining it. Analysis of economic efficiency showed that when sowing the nitrogen fertilizer, urea encapsulated by Si technology (30 kg/ha d.v.) received the highest profitability – 81.68 %. The resulting conditionally net income in this option amounted to 1663.4 rub/ha. In the sixth version of the experiment (encapsulated urea according to the ”Si” technology (60 kg/ha a.v.) + KCl (30 kg/ha a.a.) + P2O5 (40 kg/ha a.a.)) profitability – 76.0 %. Obtained conditionally net income in this embodiment amounted to 1222 rubles/ha. The return on fertilizer use ranged from 4 to 85 %.

scholarly journals A systemic comparative economic approach efficiency of fodder production

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milyausha Lukyanova ◽  
Vitaliy Kovshov ◽  
Zariya Zalilova ◽  
Vasily Lukyanov ◽  
Irek Araslanbaev
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
The Republic

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to determine the optimal volume of fodder and grain-fodder crops of appropriate quality to meet the needs of the livestock industry using a systemic comparative economic approach. For the economic assessment of crops for fodder purposes, a systemic comparative economic approach to their production efficiency has been developed. Accounting was carried out according to the three most important indicators in fodder units: quantitative indicators—productivity per hectare of sowing, qualitative—the content of vegetable protein and cost—the production cost. Oats were taken as the primary culture. Their comparison made it possible to determine economically interrelated partial indices, which are reduced to the index of the systemic comparative economic approach, which contributes to optimizing the structure of the cultivated areas of these crops. This technique allows to determine each forage crop’s location in each farm or region’s conditions, analyzing the real situation and assessing the prospects for the development of production. The optimal structure of sown areas for grain-fodder and fodder crops, focused on the cultivation of high-protein crops, for the enterprises of the Northern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan is proposed. Due to a change in sown areas’ structure, the gross harvest increases by 8%, digestible protein by 2%, and reduced production costs by 48%.

scholarly journals PHENOTYPES OF APIS MELLIFERA DRONES IN APIARIES OF THE NORTHERN FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (346) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
M.R. Sabirjonova ◽  
V.N. Sattarov ◽  
K.Zh. Iskhan ◽  
A.I. Skvortsov ◽  
D.A. Baimukanov
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity of Triticum carthlicum Nevski. (=Triticum persicum Vav.) variety samples in the forest-steppe zone of the Northern Trans-Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
G.V. Tobolova
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Tetraploid Species ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The studies of plants’ assimilation activity of the Triticum carthlicum Nevski. (=Triticum persicum Vav.) tetraploid species’ variety samples have been carried out in the subtaiga zone (Aromashevo) and the northern forest-steppe zone (Tyumen). The number of leaves on plants by zones varied from three to five. Measurements showed that the lamina length varied from 6.4-23.7% in the northern forest-steppe zone and from 0 to 21.9% in Aromashevo. The lamina area on the main shoot of the Triticum carthlicum Nevski variety samples in the northern forest-steppe zone amounted to 62.3 cm2, which was 26 cm2 less than in the subtaiga zone. Calculation of net photosynthetic productivity in northern forest-steppe zone showed that Triticum carthlicum Nevski variety samples formed from 10.864g*m2/day to 20.764 g*m2/day, giving way to durum and soft wheat. In the subtaiga zone, PPn of Triticum carthlicum Nevski wheat varied from 9.088 to 13.827 g*m2/day, significantly yielding Bezenchukskaya 139 variety.

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