THU0335 Prevalence of Arthritis Increases with Obesity and Low Socioeconomic Status: Extrapolated Data from a 10-Year United States National Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 316.3-317
Author(s):  
B. Mehta ◽  
K. Michaud ◽  
Q. Shi ◽  
P. Efthimiou
1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Kleiman ◽  
Frank Clemente

National survey data are utilized to delineate areas of confidence among the aged in the medical profession. Four key specifying variables were used in the analysis—race, sex, socioeconomic status, and size of community. Findings indicate that confidence in medical leaders is lowest among that group which in past studies has been found to visit the doctor most often: the elderly of low socioeconomic status. This finding suggests that improvement in the medical care received by the aged could be an important first step in restoring the elderly's confidence in medical leaders.


2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łucja T Bundy ◽  
Regine Haardörfer ◽  
Michelle C Kegler ◽  
Shadé Owolabi ◽  
Carla J Berg ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction Given homes are now a primary source of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in the United States, research-tested interventions that promote smoke-free homes should be evaluated in real-world settings to build the evidence base for dissemination. This study describes outcome evaluation results from a dissemination and implementation study of a research-tested program to increase smoke-free home rules through US 2-1-1 helplines. Methods Five 2-1-1 organizations, chosen through a competitive application process, were awarded grants of up to $70 000. 2-1-1 staff recruited participants, delivered the intervention, and evaluated the program. 2-1-1 clients who were recruited into the program allowed smoking in the home, lived in households with both a smoker and a nonsmoker or child, spoke English, and were at least 18 years old. Self-reported outcomes were assessed using a pre-post design, with follow-up at 2 months post baseline. Results A total of 2345 households (335–605 per 2-1-1 center) were enrolled by 2-1-1 staff. Most participants were female (82%) and smokers (76%), and half were African American (54%). Overall, 40.1% (n = 940) reported creating a full household smoking ban. Among the nonsmoking adults reached at follow-up (n = 389), days of SHS exposure in the past week decreased from 4.9 (SD = 2.52) to 1.2 (SD = 2.20). Among the 1148 smokers reached for follow-up, 211 people quit, an absolute reduction in smoking of 18.4% (p < .0001), with no differences by gender. Conclusions Among those reached for 2-month follow-up, the proportion who reported establishing a smoke-free home was comparable to or higher than smoke-free home rates in the prior controlled research studies. Implications Dissemination of this brief research-tested intervention via a national grants program with support from university staff to five 2-1-1 centers increased home smoking bans, decreased SHS exposure, and increased cessation rates. Although the program delivery capacity demonstrated by these competitively selected 2-1-1s may not generalize to the broader 2-1-1 network in the United States, or social service agencies outside of the United States, partnering with 2-1-1s may be a promising avenue for large-scale dissemination of this smoke-free homes program and other public health programs to low socioeconomic status populations in the United States.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Jokela ◽  
Thomas E Fuller-Rowell

Individuals with low socioeconomic status have a higher risk of experiencing daily discrimination, that is, receiving unfair and disrespectful treatment from others. Social trends in economic inequality suggest that the life circumstances of individuals with low socioeconomic status have not improved with the same rate as those with high socioeconomic status. We examined whether the prevalence of class discrimination in the United States has changed in the last two decades. Data were from the original Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study with data collections in 1995-1996 (n=2,931) and 2004-2005 (n=1,708), and the new MIDUS Refresher sample from 2011-2014 (n=2,543). Socioeconomic status was assessed with education, occupational status, income, and self-reported financial situation. Daily discrimination experiences were assessed with the Everyday Discrimination Scale. Socioeconomic status became more strongly associated with discrimination experiences over time: at the 1995-1996 baseline assessment, the difference in daily discrimination between the highest and lowest SES groups was 15.3% vs. 10.8% (4.7 percentage point difference). This difference increased to 20.0% vs. 7.4% difference in 2011-2014 (12.6 percentage point difference). Perceived discrimination was associated with psychological distress similarly over time and across levels of socioeconomic status. The results suggest that people with low socioeconomic status have a higher risk of encountering unfair and disrespectful treatment from others in the 2010s compared to the 1990s.


Resuscitation ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyndaron Reinier ◽  
Eric C. Stecker ◽  
Catherine Vickers ◽  
Karen Gunson ◽  
Jonathan Jui ◽  
...  

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