08.48 Increased body fat but decreased lean body mass and bone mineral density in myositis patients are associated with disease duration, inflammatory status, skeletal muscle involvement and physical activity

Background:Skeletal muscle, pulmonary and articular involvement in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) limit the mobility/self-sufficiency of patients, and can have a negative impact on body composition.Objectives:The aim was to assess body composition and physical activity of IIM patients and healthy controls (HC) and the association with selected inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and laboratory markers of nutrition and lipid metabolism.Methods:54 patients with IIM (45 females; mean age 57.7; disease duration 5.8 years; polymyositis (PM, 22) / dermatomyositis (DM, 25) / necrotizing myopathy (IMNM, 7)) and 54 age-/sex-matched HC (45 females, mean age 57.7) without rheumatic/tumor diseases were included. PM/DM patients fulfilled Bohan/Peter criteria for PM/DM. We assessed body composition (densitometry: iDXA Lunar, bioelectric impedance: BIA2000-M), physical activity (Human Activity Profile, HAP questionnaire), serum levels of 27 cytokines/chemokines (commercial multiplex ELISA kit, Bio-Rad Laboratories) and serum levels of selected parameters of nutrition and lipidogram. Disease activity (MITAX and MYOACT activity score) and muscle involvement (manual muscle testing, MMT-8, and functional index 2, FI2) were evaluated. Data are presented as mean±SD.Results:Compared to HC, patients with IIM had a trend towards significantly increased body fat % (BF%; iDXA: 39.9±7.1 vs. 42.4±7.1 %, p=0.077), but significantly decreased lean body mass (LBM; iDXA: 45.6±8.1 vs. 40.6±7.2 kg, p=0.001; BIA: 52.6±8.8 vs. 48.7±9.0 kg, p=0.023), increased extracellular mass/body cell mass (ECM/BCM) ratio (1.06±0.15 vs. 1.44±0.42, p<0.001), reflecting deteriorated nutritional status and predisposition for physical activity, and significantly lower bone mineral density (BMD: 1.2±0.1 vs. 1.1±0.1 g/cm2, p<0.001). Disease duration negatively correlated with BMD and LBM-BIA. Disease activity (MITAX, MYOACT) positively correlated with LBM (by BIA and DXA), similarly as with basal metabolic rate (BMR), and fat free mass (FFM). CRP was positively associated with BF% (BIA and DXA). Higher BF%-DEXA was associated with worse physical endurance (FI2) and worse ability to perform physical activity (HAP). MMT-8 score negatively correlated with ECM/BCM ratio. Serum levels of several inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (specifically IL-1ra, MCP, IL-10) and markers of nutrition (specifically albumin, C3-, C4-complement, cholinesterase, amylase, insulin and C-peptide, vitamin-D, orosomucoid), and lipid metabolism (specifically triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A and B, atherogenic index of plasma) were significantly associated with alterations of body composition in IIM patients. (p<0.05 for all correlations)Conclusion:Compared to healthy age-/sex-matched individuals we found significant negative changes in body composition of our IIM patients associated with their disease activity and duration, inflammatory status, skeletal muscle involvement, and physical activity. These data could reflect their impaired nutritional status and predispositions for physical exercise, aerobic fitness and performance.Serum levels of certain inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and markers of nutrition and lipid metabolism were associated with alterations of body composition in IIM patients. This might further support the role of systemic inflammation and nutritional status on the negative changes in body composition of IIM patients.Acknowledgments:Supported by AZV NV18-01-00161A, MHCR 023728, SVV 260373 and GAUK 312218Disclosure of Interests:Sabina Oreska: None declared, Maja Špiritović: None declared, Petr Česák: None declared, Ondrej Marecek: None declared, Hana Štorkánová: None declared, Barbora Heřmánková: None declared, Kateřina Kubinova: None declared, Martin Klein: None declared, Lucia Vernerová: None declared, Olga Růžičková: None declared, Karel Pavelka Consultant of: Abbvie, MSD, BMS, Egis, Roche, UCB, Medac, Pfizer, Biogen, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, MSD, BMS, Egis, Roche, UCB, Medac, Pfizer, Biogen, Ladislav Šenolt: None declared, Heřman Mann: None declared, Jiří Vencovský: None declared, Michal Tomčík: None declared

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High Levels of Physical Activity May Promote a Reduction in Bone Mineral Density in Peritoneal Dialysis

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56090464 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (9) ◽

pp. 464

Author(s):

Armando Raimundo ◽

Zelinda Charrua ◽

Nuno Batalha ◽

Catarina Pereira ◽

Jose Parraca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Body Composition ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Vigorous Activity ◽

Mineral Density

Background and objectives: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are expected to present lower levels of physical activity, unhealthy changes at the body composition level, and low levels of strength. Firstly, this study aimed to report the sex differences in physical activity, body composition and muscle strength and the relations among these variables. Secondly, we analyze the relationship between physical activity and biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four patients (13 women and 21 men) participated in this study. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and maximum isokinetic unilateral strength, analytical parameters and physical activity levels were evaluated. Results: The men showed higher values for weight, height, lean body mass, bone mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD) and total body water, while women showed higher values for the percentage of fat mass and hydration of lean body mass (p < 0.05). No differences between the sexes were found in different levels of physical activity; however, males registered significantly higher values for isokinetic strength variables except for knee extensor strength. BMD was positively related to sedentary activity and negatively related to moderate and vigorous activity (r = 0.383 and r = −0.404, respectively). Light physical activity was negatively correlated with albumin (r = −0.393) and total protein (r = −0.410) levels, while moderate/vigorous activity was positively correlated with urea distribution volume (r = 0.446) and creatinine clearance (r = 0.359) and negatively correlated with the triglyceride level (r = −0.455). Conclusions: PD patients with higher levels of physical activity present better results in terms of body composition and biochemical parameters. Additional studies should be conducted to clarify the relation between physical activity level and BMD.

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Phytase supplementation increases bone mineral density, lean body mass and voluntary physical activity in rats fed a low-zinc diet☆

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.jnutbio.2009.03.015 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 653-658 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Angus G. Scrimgeour ◽

Louis J. Marchitelli ◽

Jered S. Whicker ◽

Yang Song ◽

Emily Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Voluntary Physical Activity

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Impact of growth hormone on changes in height, bone mineral density, lean body mass, and body fat over 1–2 years in children with Hurler or Hunter syndrome

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism ◽

10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.11.200 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 108 (2) ◽

pp. S76

Author(s):

Lynda Polgreen ◽

Bradley S. Miller ◽

William Thomas ◽

Chester B. Whitley

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Hunter Syndrome ◽

Mineral Density

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Effects of Adolescents’ Lifestyle Habits and Body Composition on Bone Mineral Density

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18116170 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 6170

Author(s):

ChangSook Han ◽

HyoKyung Kim ◽

Suhee Kim

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Body Fat Mass ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Calcium Supplements

The incidence of osteoporosis is increasing as the population ages, as is the need to manage and prevent it. Adolescence is the period when the fastest development of bone mass takes place. Increasing adolescents’ maximum bone mass and avoiding the risk factors for its loss are effective for preventing osteoporosis. This study investigated the factors influencing adolescents’ bone mineral density (BMD). The participants were 126 middle- and high-school students from Gangwon-do; 47.6% (n = 60) were male, with an average age of 15 (range 12–18) years of age. It was found that age, carbonated beverages, snacks, and calcium supplements were variables that showed significant differences in adolescents’ BMD. Additionally, through correlation analysis, it was found that height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body water, protein, minerals, body fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass were correlated with BMD. Multiple regression analysis identified age, calcium supplements, BMI, body fat mass, and skeletal muscle mass as BMD-associated factors. These results show that adolescents’ BMD is higher with lower body fat mass, higher BMI and skeletal muscle mass, and a higher intake of calcium supplements.

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