Effects of tear film dynamics on quality of vision

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 1615-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shizuka Koh ◽  
Cynthia I Tung ◽  
Yasushi Inoue ◽  
Vishal Jhanji
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Wavefront Sensors ◽  
Wavefront Aberrations ◽  
Quality Of Vision ◽  
Definition Of

The precorneal tear film is maintained by blinking and exhibits different phases in the tear cycle. The tear film serves as the most anterior surface of the eye and plays an important role as a first refractive component of the eye. Alterations in tear film dynamics may cause both vision-related and ocular surface-related symptoms. Although the optical quality associated with the tear film dynamics previously received little attention, objective measurements of optical quality using wavefront sensors have enabled us to quantify optical aberrations induced by the tear film. This has provided an objective method for assessing reduced optical quality in dry eye; thus, visual disturbances were included in the definition of dry eye disease in the 2007 Dry Eye Workshop report. In addition, sequential measurements of wavefront aberrations have provided us with valuable insights into the dynamic optical changes associated with tear film dynamics. This review will focus on the current knowledge of the mechanisms of wavefront variations that are caused by different aspects of tear film dynamics: specifically, quality, quantity and properties of the tear film, demonstrating the respective effects of dry eye, epiphora and instillation of eye drops on the quality of vision.

scholarly journals Changes of Corneal Wavefront Aberrations in Dry Eye Patients after Treatment with Artificial Lubricant Drops

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Lu ◽  
Fangyu Lin ◽  
Zhu Huang ◽  
Qin He ◽  
Wei Han
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Artificial Eye ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Wavefront Aberrations ◽  
Corneal Aberrations

Purpose.To evaluate the corneal aberration changes in dry eye patients after treatment with artificial eye drops.Methods.Thirty mild to moderate dry eye patients treated with artificial eye drops and twenty comparable dry eye patients were recruited as controls. Anterior corneal aberrations over 3 mm and 5 mm analytical zones including total, 3rd to 5th high order aberrations (HOAs), spherical aberration (SA), and vertical (V-coma) and horizontal coma (H-coma) obtained from corneal topography data at baseline and 2 weeks after treatment were evaluated.Results.For 3 mm zone, trefoils, V-coma, H-coma terms, and 3rd and 5th HOAs were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in the treatment group. For 5 mm zone, instillation of eye drops reduced H-coma, SA terms, 3rd to 5th orders, and total HOAs all showed a significant decrease (p<0.05). The root mean square analysis of the Zernike terms also showed similar statistical results. For control group, all individual terms and total HOAs did not have significant changes over 3 mm and 5 mm zones (p>0.05).Conclusions.Treatment with artificial eye drops can effectively improve the corneal optical quality of dry eye patients by ameliorating the HOAs of anterior corneal surface.

scholarly journals Cationic Thiolated Poly(aspartamide) Polymer as a Potential Excipient for Artificial Tear Formulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Budai-Szűcs ◽  
Gabriella Horvát ◽  
Barnabás Áron Szilágyi ◽  
Benjámin Gyarmati ◽  
András Szilágyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Thiol Groups ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Disulphide Bond Formation ◽  
Polymer Bearing

Dry eye disease is a relatively common ocular problem, which causes eye discomfort and visual disorders leading to a decrease in the quality of life. The aim of this study was to find a possible excipient for eye drop formulations, which is able to stabilize the tear film. A cationic thiolated polyaspartamide polymer, poly[(N-mercaptoethylaspartamide)-co-(N-(N′,N′-dimethylaminoethyl)aspartamide)] (ThioPASP-DME), was used as a potential vehicle. Besides satisfying the basic requirements, the chemical structure of ThioPASP-DME is similar to those of ocular mucins as it is a protein-like polymer bearing a considerable number of thiol groups. The solution of the polymer is therefore able to mimic the physiological properties of the mucins and it can interact with the mucus layer via disulphide bond formation. The resultant mucoadhesion provides a prolonged residence time and ensures protective effect for the corneal/conjunctival epithelium. ThioPASP-DME also has an antioxidant effect due to the presence of the thiol groups. The applicability of ThioPASP-DME as a potential excipient in eye drops was determined by means of ocular compatibility tests and through examinations of the interactions with the mucosal surface. The results indicate that ThioPASP-DME can serve as a potential eye drop excipient for the therapy of dry eye disease.

Optical Quality of the Eye Degraded by Time-Varying Wavefront Aberrations with Tear Film Dynamics

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Hirohara ◽  
Toshifumi Mihashi ◽  
Shizuka Koh ◽  
Sayuri Ninomiya ◽  
Naoyuki Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tear Film ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Wavefront Aberrations

scholarly journals Patients Preference of Diquafosol or Rebamipide Eye Drops for the Treatment of Mild Dry Eye: A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Maria Yamamoto ◽  
Yukihiro Horie ◽  
Yoshiaki Tagawa ◽  
Susumu Ishida ◽  
Nobuyoshi Kitaichi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Ophthalmic Solution ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Old Females

Purpose: To investigate the preference rates of recently developed eye drops, 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution and 2% rebamipide ophthalmic suspension, as a randomized clinical trial in patients with dry eye.Methods: Eighteen patients (mean age: 59.7 years old, females: 77.8%) with reduced tear film break-up time (TBUT ? 5 sec) were enrolled in this study. They were treated with either diquafosol or rebamipide for 1 week, and treated for an additional week after switching to the other eye drop. This treatment was repeated one more time. Then, the patients were treated with one of either eye drop for an additional 4 weeks. Patients’ preferences for eye drops were investigated using a questionnaire at the end of 4-week treatment. To confirm the effectiveness of the treatments, objective and subjective assessments including superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) score, TBUT measurement, and Dry Eye-Related Quality-of-Life Score (DEQS) were performed at baseline, and 4 and 8 weeks.Results: SPK score was improved after treatment (P < 0.05). Patients tended to prefer diquafosol (64.7%) torebamipide (35.4%), however there was no significant difference in two eye drops (P = 0.23). Bitterness was reported significantly more frequently after rebamipide administration (66.7%) than diquafosol administration (5.6%, P < 0.001). The diquafosol bottle was considered “ease to use” by a larger percentage of users (94.1%) as compared to the rebamipide bottle (58.8%, P < 0.05). The effectiveness of the signs and symptoms were similar for both groups at 8 weeks.Conclusions: Diquafosol and Rebamipide were both effective in treating dry eye and 65% of the patients choose Diquafosol. Bitterness after administration and ease to use of the bottles seemed to affect the patients’ preferences for these two eye drops.

Structural and Molecular Tear Film Changes in Glaucoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 4225-4240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Mastropasqua ◽  
Luca Agnifili ◽  
Leonardo Mastropasqua
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Lipid Layer ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Quality Of Vision ◽  
Aqueous Layer

: The Tear Film (TF) is a trilaminar and dynamic fluid covering the entire Ocular Surface (OS), consisting of a mucus, aqueous, and lipid layer deeply interacting between them. Because of its structure and functions, TF plays a pivotal role in the preservation of the OS integrity and the quality of vision. Medical therapy for glaucoma is recognized to profoundly disturb the OS homeostasis by altering all components of the ocular surface unit, including TF. The presence of preservatives, the number of daily eye drops instillations, and the duration of therapy are the main contributors to TF changes. From the physio-pathological side, TF alterations are induced by toxic and allergic mechanisms and result from goblet cell and Meibomian gland loss, dysfunction of accessory lacrimal glands, and epithelial disruption. : In detail, TF changes are represented by mucus layer thinning, reduced mucin concentration, aqueous layer volume reduction, and lipid layer thinning with increased tear evaporation. Hyper- osmolarity and instability represent the main hallmarks of these changes and are an expression of a iatrogenic form of dry eye. TF undergoes also molecular modifications that primarily reflect a therapy- or disease-induced inflammatory status of the OS. Over the last years, this field of research aimed a progressively growing interest since molecular variations may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers of glaucoma. The aim of this review is to report the main TF changes occurring during glaucoma, exploring the relationship they may have with the glaucoma-related ocular surface disease and the patient quality of life, and their utility as potential biomarkers of disease.

Effect of changing from preserved prostaglandins to preservative-free tafluprost in patients with glaucoma on tear film thickness

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Hommer ◽  
Doreen Schmidl ◽  
Martina Kromus ◽  
Ahmed M Bata ◽  
Klemens Fondi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Life Score ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Preservative Free

Purpose: Long-term glaucoma therapy with preservative-containing eye drops may impact ocular surface health. This study was performed to investigate whether a switch from preserved topical prostaglandin therapy to preservative-free tafluprost therapy improves precorneal tear film thickness in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Methods: A total of 30 patients who were under topical preservative-containing prostaglandin monotherapy for at least 6 months were included. Patients were then switched from preserved prostaglandin therapy to unpreserved tafluprost drops once daily. Tear film thickness was measured at baseline and 4 and 12 weeks after therapy change with an ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography system. Furthermore, clinical measures of ocular surface disease were determined and symptoms were assessed using the Dry Eye–Related Quality-of-Life Score. Results: After switching to unpreserved tafluprost, tear film thickness significantly increased from 4.7 ± 0.5 to 5.0 ± 0.6 µm 4 weeks after therapy change and still tended to be increased after 12 weeks (4.8 ± 0.7 µm). Breakup time significantly increased from 5.1 ± 2.3 to 7.2 ± 3.4 s and to 10.1 ± 3.6 s after therapy change. In addition, a significant decrease in corneal staining score from 1.8 ± 0.7 to 1.4 ± 0.8 after 4 weeks and to 0.7 ± 0.7 after 12 weeks treatment was observed. Switching to preservative-free drops reduced Dry Eye–Related Quality-of-Life Score from 11.4 ± 11.0 to 5.7 ± 6.4 and to 4.7 ± 7.5. Conclusion: Our data show that switching to preservative-free tafluprost leads to an increase in tear film thickness, breakup time, and an improvement of Dry Eye–Related Quality-of-Life Score. Our results therefore indicate that a switch to unpreserved tafluprost is beneficial for ocular surface health in patients under long-term preserved prostaglandin eye drops.

scholarly journals Effect of artificial tears on dynamic optical quality in patients with dry eye disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Wei ◽  
Yuandong Su ◽  
Guanyu Su ◽  
Christophe Baudouin ◽  
Antoine Labbé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Artificial Tears ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Objective Scatter Index

Abstract Background : In clinical practice, fluctuating vision or decreased quality of vision is a common complaint in dry eye patients. Our study was designed to investigate the change in dynamic optical quality in dry eye patients after the use of artificial tears. Methods : Fifty-nine patients with dry eye disease (DED) and 31 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in this prospective case-control study. Clinical evaluation of the ocular surface included Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear film break-up time (TBUT), lipid layer thickness (LLT), and Schirmer I test. DED patients were divided into two groups, mild (31 patients) and severe (28 patients). The optical quality of the tear film was measured with the Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS) using the mean objective scatter index (mean OSI), standard deviation of objective scatter index (SD-OSI) and modulation transfer function cut-off (MTF cut-off). After baseline examinations, one drop of artificial tears (ATs, carboxymethylcellulose ophthalmic solution, 0.5%) was instilled in both eyes, and optical quality parameters were measured again at 5 and 30 minutes following application of ATs. Results: At baseline, the mean OSI was higher in the DED group (0.95 ± 0.54) than in controls (0.54 ± 0.23, P <0.001). The SD-OSI was also significantly increased in DED patients (0.44 ± 0.71) compared to control subjects (0.12 ± 0.06, P =0.003). Five minutes after AT instillation, mean OSI and SD-OSI decreased significantly in severe DED patients (P =0.044; P =0.018), remained unchanged in mild DED patients, and increased in the control group ( P =0.019; P <0.001). Thirty minutes after AT instillation, no significant difference in optical quality parameters was observed among the three groups. Conclusion : The effect of ATs on optical quality in patients with DED may differ according to the severity of the disease. Measurement of optical quality might be a promising tool to evaluate the effects of various ATs and possibly individualize treatment in DED patients.

«Dry eye» syndrome and primary glaucoma: possibilities of treatment

Reflection ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
L.I. Solovyova ◽  
◽  
T.V. Gavrilova ◽  
F.G. Mugumova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Rupture Time ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Film Rupture ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Primary Glaucoma ◽  
The Stability

The article presents the results of Ocuhyl C using in the treatment of «dry eye syndrome» (DES) in 47 eyes of 26 patients with different stages of compensated primary open-angle glaucoma. Experience of instillation of hypotensive eye drops with preservatives was from 1 year to 35 years. Assessment of subjective signs of DES was performed by questioning. Functional tests were performed (for the stability of the precorneal tear film –Norn test, for the level of total tear production –Shirmer test). Examinations were carried out at the first examination before prescribing the drug, then after 4 and 8 weeks of its use. All the patients noted good tolerability of the drug, no side effects. Indicators characterizing the feeling of a foreign body, dryness and redness of the eyes have significantly decreased. Precorneal tear film rupture time has significantly increased. Ocuhyl C can be recommended for clinical use. Key words: primary glaucoma; “dry eye” syndrome; tear forming; tear film rupture time; Ocuhyl C.

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