Thousands of doctors respond on pension contribution changes

BMJ ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. f352
Author(s):  
Helen Jaques
Keyword(s):  
Pension Contribution

Gender perspectives on extended working life policies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Áine Ní Léime ◽  
Wendy Loretto
Keyword(s):  
Working Life ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Population Policies ◽  
Flexible Working ◽  
Working Set ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pension Age ◽  
Pension Contribution ◽  
The Uk ◽  
State Pension

This chapter documents international policy developments and provides a gender critique of retirement, employment and pension policies in Australia, Ireland, Germany, Portugal, Sweden, the UK, and the US. It assesses the degree to which the individual country's extended working life policies have adopted the agenda (increasing pension age and introducing flexible working) set out by the OECD and the EU. Policies include raising state pension age, changes in the duration of pension contribution requirements, the move from defined benefits to defined contribution pensions, policies on caring for vulnerable members of the population, policies enabling flexible working and anti-age discrimination measures. An expanded framework is used to assess the degree to which gender and other intersecting issues such as health, caring, class, type of occupation and/or membership of minority communities have (or have not) been taken into account in designing and implementing policies extending working life.

scholarly journals ANALISA PENCATATAN PEMOTONGAN IURAN DANA PENSIUN PT. POS INDONESIA CABANG MANADO

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Imelda Mose ◽  
Inggriani Elim
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
Pension Funds ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Retirement Funds ◽  
Pension Contribution ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Made In

Everyone wants a prosperous life in old age. In the 1970s, people race to sign civil servants because only civil servants who have the assurance of a pension fund. However, in the 1990s after the issuance of Law No. 11 of 1992 on retirement funds, pension funds had not confined to civil servants but also the private sector employees. The purpose of this study was to determine the recording of deducting pension contributions PT. Pos Indonesia Cabang Manado. The analytical method used was descriptive method starts with collecting relevant data with research, analyzes how the recording of deduction contributions to pension funds, and draw conclusions. The results showed that the recording of pension contributions deduction made in accordance with accounting theory and the company only help in collecting and depositing pension contributions to the pension fund account.The company should mantain the recording of pension contribution deduction so the company’s financial condition could be controlled, especially about pension contribution deduction.   Keywords: recording, pension fund

scholarly journals Pension Contributions and Earnings Quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350001
Author(s):  
John Kim ◽  
John Li ◽  
Fang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Discretionary Accruals ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Defined Benefit ◽  
Similar Relationship ◽  
Negative Relation ◽  
Pension Contribution

We investigate whether defined benefit (DB) pension contributions convey information about earnings quality proxied by different measurements of discretionary accruals (DA). We find that greater DA are negatively is associated with discretionary pension contributions. Since greater DA is associated with lower earnings quality, the result implies a positive relationship between earnings quality and voluntary pension contributions. In contrast, our evidence does not suggest a similar relationship holds for earnings quality and mandatory pension contributions. In addition, while our analysis identifies a negative relation between DA and total pension contributions, the relation is statistically weaker than that between DA and voluntary pension contribution. Robustness tests are conducted and results are found to continue to hold. Our results are consistent with the theoretical argument that voluntary pension contributions are indicative of firms' earnings quality since both the voluntary pension contributions and earnings quality result from the same set of incentives behind managerial discretions. Our study sheds light on the management's motivation for making voluntary pension contributions and improves our understanding of firms' consideration in funding strategies for DB pension plans.

How defined contribution plans and 401(k)s affect employer pension costs

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
TERESA GHILARDUCCI ◽  
WEI SUN
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Pension Plan ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Pension Plans ◽  
Defined Benefit ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Defined Contribution Plans ◽  
Pension Costs ◽  
Administrative Expenses ◽  
Pension Contribution

We investigate the pension choices made by over 700 firms between 1981 and 1998 when DC plans expanded and overtook DB plans. Their average pension contribution per employee dropped in real terms from $2,140 in 1981 to $1,404 in 1998. At the same time, the share of their pension contributions attributed to defined contribution plans was 23% in 1981 and increased to 68% in 1998. By analyzing pension plan data from the IRS Form 5500 and finances of the plan's sponsoring employer from COMPUSTAT with a fixed-effects ordinary least squares model and a simultaneous model, we find that a 10% increase in the use of defined contribution plans (including 401(k) plans) reduces employer pension costs per worker by 1.7–3.5%. This suggests firms use DCs and 401(k)s to lower pension costs. Lower administrative expenses may also explain the popularity of DC plans. Although measuring a firm's pension cost per worker may be a crude way to judge a firm's commitment to pensions, this study suggests that firms that provide both a traditional defined benefit and a defined contribution plan are the most committed because they spend the most on pensions. Further research, especially case studies, is vital to understand employers' commitment to employment-based pension plans.

Affordability of public pension benefit: a historical and empirical analysis of US state and local government pension contributions

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUN PENG ◽  
QIUSHI WANG
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
State Level ◽  
Public Pension ◽  
Pension Benefit ◽  
Investment Performance ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Public Workforce ◽  
Pension Contribution ◽  
Pension Benefits

AbstractAs a result of the two severe stock market declines since 2000, there has been a steady debate about the affordability of state and local public pension benefits. We measured the affordability of pension benefits in terms of governments’ ability to make the required contributions based on existing tax and revenue bases. We conducted a historical analysis of government pension contributions at national and state level over a 20-year period 1992–2011 and found that the real pension burdens have increased over this period. We also found substantial variation in pension burdens among the 50 states. The results of our empirical analysis showed that employee contribution share, investment return, size of the public workforce, and pension benefit level had significant effects on pension burdens. Based on these findings, we proposed several strategies for reducing pension burdens, including increasing employee pension contribution, reducing size of workforce, and improving pension investment performance.

scholarly journals Mental Time Travel and Retirement Savings

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
David Blake ◽  
John Pickles
Keyword(s):  
Pension Plan ◽  
Time Travel ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Mental Time Travel ◽  
Retirement Savings ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Present Bias ◽  
Personal Value ◽  
Pension Contribution

We portray the valuation of retirement savings in terms of a mental time travel journey in which a proposed contribution to a pension plan is projected forward to the plan member’s retirement date and this projected value is then discounted back to today, thereby giving a present or personal value. We set this within a broader framework of pension planning, which seeks to smooth consumption over the lifecycle. We explain how two psychological biases—exponential growth bias and present bias—can lead to a difference between the initial value of a pension contribution and its present value, such a difference reflecting an asymmetry between projection and discounting, and how such a difference might lead to inadequate retirement savings and hence to a lower than desired standard of living in retirement. We consider how the two biases might be mitigated.

scholarly journals Assessment of the effectiveness of anti-COVID tax support for innovation activities of small and medium-sized enterprises in OECD countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-86
Author(s):  
A. O. Shapovalova ◽  
◽  
Yu. B. Ivanov ◽  
V. F. Tyschenko ◽  
V. V. Karpova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Support For Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pension Contribution

The global economy has rebounded from the lows of 2020, but its recovery will depend on innovations. Therefore, it is important to identify the most effective tax support instruments for the innovation activities of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that are used in the framework of anti-crisis economic policies in the OECD countries. It is suggested that tax incentives are the most effective tax instrument of all; the effectiveness of the profit tax benefit depends on the SME’s profitability; as to the social insurance and pension contribution, there is an allowable minimum of the rate, determined by the level of wages, that will stimulate innovation. To assess the effectiveness of tax support tools, the study used the methods of linear multivariate regression and simulation in Simulink. The source of information for regression analysis was the data published by the World Bank and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). It was concluded that the most effective measures of tax support are tax incentives, as well as deferred payment of social insurance and pension contributions. The 10% profit tax was shown to be optimal to stimulate innovation provided the company keeps the saved profit for development. For innovative SMEs, the minimum allowable contribution rate for social insurance and pension provision, which stimulates their innovative activities, is 12%. The results of modeling confirmed that the proposed threshold indicators for supporting SMEs’ innovation activity can be an effective tool for overcoming the consequences of the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

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