scholarly journals En face slab optical coherence tomography imaging successfully monitors progressive degenerative changes in the innermost layer of the diabetic retina

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Katsuyama ◽  
Sentaro Kusuhara ◽  
Shun-Ichiro Asahara ◽  
Shun-Ichiro Nakai ◽  
Sotaro Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Red Color ◽  
En Face ◽  
Retinal Neurodegeneration ◽  
Oct Imaging ◽  
Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration

ObjectiveTo evaluate the usefulness of en face slab optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging for monitoring diabetic retinal neurodegeneration with supporting animal experimental data.Research design and methodsWe retrospectively examined 72 diabetic eyes over 3 years using Cirrus-HD OCT. Two-dimensional en face slab OCT images of the innermost retina were reconstructed and graded according to the ratio of dark area to total area, and relative red, green, and blue color area ratios were calculated and used as indexes for each en face slab OCT image. Values from en face OCT images were used for statistical analyses. To obtain insight into the pathogenesis of diabetic retinal neurodegeneration, we used the InsPr-Cre;Pdk1flox/flox diabetic mouse model.ResultsBoth OCT grade and relative red color area ratio significantly increased with the advancing stage of diabetic retinopathy (p=0.018 and 0.006, respectively). After a mean follow-up period of 4.6 years, the trend was unchanged in the analyses of 42 untreated eyes (p<0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Visual acuity showed a weak but significant negative correlation with the red color ratio on en face slab OCT images, but central retinal thickness did not exhibit a clinically meaningful correlation with values obtained from en face slab OCT images. Immunohistochemical analyses of InsPr-Cre;Pdk1flox/flox diabetic mice demonstrated the loss of ganglion axon bundles and thinning of laminin without apparent retinal vascular change at the age of 20 weeks.ConclusionsEn face slab OCT imaging would be a novel useful modality for the assessment of diabetic retinal neurodegeneration as it could detect subtle optical changes occurring in the innermost retina in diabetic eyes. Our animal experimental data suggest that dark areas observed on en face slab OCT images might be the impairment of the extracellular matrix as well as neurons.

scholarly journals Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Detecting Intraoperative Acute Descemet's Fold Formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
Yu Ichioka ◽  
Akihito Uji ◽  
Nagahisa Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
En Face Oct ◽  
En Face ◽  
Descemet's Membrane ◽  
Descemet’S Membrane ◽  
Oct Imaging ◽  
Fold Formation ◽  
B Scan Images

Background: To present an intraoperative acute Descemet’s fold formation using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) imaging. Case Report: A 67-year-old man complaining of reduced visual acuity in the left eye. A 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification cataract surgery was performed to remove the vitreomacular traction. When hydro-sealing was performed, striae rapidly spread in the cornea. SS-OCT B-scan images performed on postoperative day 1 revealed a wavy Descemet’s membrane that might correspond to Descemet’s folds. Pairs of hypo- and hyperreflective narrow lesions running from the wavy Descemet’s membrane to almost half of the thickness of the whole cornea were observed. En face OCT imaging clearly showed the stromal fold, which continuously spread from the Descemet’s fold. Conclusion: The stromal fold might be due to the focal bulge of the stroma posteriorly caused by the rapid volume increase of the stroma which could push Descemet’s membrane posteriorly, thereby forming a wavy Descemet’s membrane layer.

scholarly journals Post-Processing Method for Image Reconstruction Enhancement in Integrating-Bucket-Based Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Juhyung Lee ◽  
Taeil Yoon ◽  
Byeong Ha Lee
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Face Image ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Full Field ◽  
En Face ◽  
Oct Imaging

An integrating-bucket method is widely used as a reconstruction tool for full-field optical coherence tomography (FF-OCT). However, it requires high-precision adjustments of the phase modulation parameters. If the parameters are not optimal, the reconstructed tomogram will incur severe artifacts. We propose a post-processing method for removing or reducing such artifacts by utilizing a correction factor extracted from a pre-reconstructed tomogram. FF-OCT imaging created using a coin verifies the effectiveness of the method not only for a single en face image but also for an entire 3-D image. It is expected that the proposed method will expand the application of FF-OCT from biomedical imaging to semiconductor wafers or display panel inspections.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Dita Mintardi ◽  
AK Ansyori ◽  
Ramzi Amin
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
En Face ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Oct Imaging

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) is a new high-resolution imaging method for visualizing retinal and choroidal circulation without any dye injection By detecting intravascular flow quickly when needed and being able to repeat images, as often as needed, without risk to patients, doctors will value OCTA as one of the most important applications of OCT imaging because of its ability to offer precise visualization of intravascular flow in the inner retina layer and outside, as well as the inner choroid. OCTA uses high-speed structural OCT imaging and provides three-dimensional data about microvascular structures, enabling visualization of the en face apart from the retinal capillary plexus and choriocapillaris, combined with co-registered en face and cross-sectional structural OCT. Although OCTA is a strong modality, it can have imaging artifacts and provide information that is inherently more complex than structural OCT alone. Successful interpretation of OCTA findings requires an understanding of how OCTA works, the relationship of various ocular pathologies to its angiographic features, and integrated assessment of angiographic and structural OCT data.

Blood Vessel Density Measured Using Dynamic Optical Coherence Tomography is a Tool for Wound Healers

2021 ◽  
pp. 153473462110173
Author(s):  
Rajgopal Mani ◽  
Jon Holmes ◽  
Kittipan Rerkasem ◽  
Nikolaos Papanas
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Skin Microcirculation ◽  
Wound Edge ◽  
Venous Ulcers ◽  
Oct Imaging

Dynamic optical coherence tomography (D-OCT) is a relatively new technique that may be used to study the substructures in the retina, in the skin and its microcirculation. Furthermore, D-OCT is a validated method of imaging blood flow in skin microcirculation. The skin around venous and mixed arterio-venous ulcers was imaged and found to have tortuous vessels assumed to be angiogenic sprouts, and classified as dots, blobs, coils, clumps, lines, and curves. When these images were analyzed and measurements of vessel density were made, it was observed that the prevalence of coils and clumps in wound borders was significantly greater compared with those at wound centers. This reinforced the belief of inward growth of vessels from wound edge toward wound center which, in turn, reposed confidence in following the wound edge to study healing. D-OCT imaging permits the structure and the function of the microcirculation to be imaged, and vessel density measured. This offers a new vista of skin microcirculation and using it, to better understand angiogenesis in chronic wounds.

Feasibility and Clinical Utility of Ultra-Widefield–Navigated Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 247412642199733
Author(s):  
Kyle D. Kovacs ◽  
M. Abdallah Mahrous ◽  
Luis Gonzalez ◽  
Benjamin E. Botsford ◽  
Tamara L. Lenis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Oct Imaging

Purpose: This work aims to evaluate the clinical utility and feasibility of a novel scanning laser ophthalmoscope-based navigated ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography (UWF SS-OCT) imaging system. Methods: A retrospective, single-center, consecutive case series evaluated patients between September 2019 and October 2020 with UWF SS-OCT (modified Optos P200TxE, Optos PLC) as part of routine retinal care. The logistics of image acquisition, interpretability of images captured, nature of the peripheral abnormality, and clinical utility in management decisions were recorded. Results: Eighty-two eyes from 72 patients were included. Patients were aged 59.4 ± 17.1 years (range, 8-87 years). During imaging, 4.4 series of images were obtained in 4.1 minutes, with 86.4% of the image series deemed to be diagnostic of the peripheral pathology on blinded image review. The most common pathologic findings were chorioretinal scars (18 eyes). In 31 (38%) eyes, these images were meaningful in supporting clinical decision-making with definitive findings. Diagnoses imaged included retinal detachment combined with retinoschisis, retinal hole with overlying vitreous traction and subretinal fluid, vitreous inflammation overlying a peripheral scar, Coats disease, and peripheral retinal traction in sickle cell retinopathy. Conclusions: Navigated UWF SS-OCT imaging was clinically practical and provided high-quality characterization of peripheral retinal lesions for all eyes. Images directly contributed to management plans, including laser, injection or surgical treatment, for a clinically meaningful set of patients (38%). Future studies are needed to further assess the value of this imaging modality and its role in diagnosing, monitoring, and treating peripheral lesions.

scholarly journals En face image-based classification of diabetic macular edema using swept source optical coherence tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Fujiwara ◽  
Yuki Kanzaki ◽  
Shuhei Kimura ◽  
Mio Hosokawa ◽  
Yusuke Shiode ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Outer Nuclear Layer ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
En Face

AbstractThis retrospective study was performed to classify diabetic macular edema (DME) based on the localization and area of the fluid and to investigate the relationship of the classification with visual acuity (VA). The fluid was visualized using en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) images constructed using swept-source OCT. A total of 128 eyes with DME were included. The retina was segmented into: Segment 1, mainly comprising the inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer, including Henle’s fiber layer; and Segment 2, mainly comprising the outer nuclear layer. DME was classified as: foveal cystoid space at Segment 1 and no fluid at Segment 2 (n = 24), parafoveal cystoid space at Segment 1 and no fluid at Segment 2 (n = 25), parafoveal cystoid space at Segment 1 and diffuse fluid at Segment 2 (n = 16), diffuse fluid at both segments (n = 37), and diffuse fluid at both segments with subretinal fluid (n = 26). Eyes with diffuse fluid at Segment 2 showed significantly poorer VA, higher ellipsoid zone disruption rates, and greater central subfield thickness than did those without fluid at Segment 2 (P < 0.001 for all). These results indicate the importance of the localization and area of the fluid for VA in DME.

scholarly journals Comparison of swept-source versus spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography for detection of macular neovascularization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lentzsch ◽  
Laura Schöllhorn ◽  
Christel Schnorr ◽  
Robert Siggel ◽  
Sandra Liakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Spectral Domain ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
En Face ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Subretinal Hyperreflective Material

Abstract Purpose To compare swept-source (SS) versus spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) for the detection of macular neovascularization (MNV). Methods In this prospective cohort study, 72 eyes of 54 patients with subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM) and/or pigment epithelial detachment (PED) on OCT possibly corresponding to MNV in at least one eye were included. OCTA scans were acquired using two devices, the PLEX Elite 9000 SS-OCTA and the Spectralis SD-OCTA. Fluorescein angiography (FA) was used as reference. Two graders independently evaluated en face OCTA images using a preset slab as well as a manually modified slab, followed by a combination of en face and cross-sectional OCTA. Results Sensitivity (specificity) for the automated slabs was 51.7% (93.0%) for SS-OCTA versus 58.6% (95.3%) for SD-OCTA. Manual modification of segmentation increased sensitivity to 79.3% for SS-OCTA but not for SD-OCTA (58.6%). The combination of en face OCTA with cross-sectional OCTA reached highest sensitivity values (SS-OCTA: 82.8%, SD-OCTA: 86.2%), and lowest number of cases with discrepancies between SS-OCTA and SD-OCTA (4.2%). Fleiss kappa as measure of concordance between FA, SS-OCTA, and SD-OCTA was 0.56 for the automated slabs, 0.60 for the manual slabs, and 0.73 (good agreement) for the combination of en face OCTA with cross-sectional OCTA. Concordance to FA was moderate for the automated slabs and good for manual slabs and combination with cross-sectional OCTA of both devices. Conclusion Both devices reached comparable results regarding the detection of MNV on OCTA. Sensitivity for MNV detection and agreement between devices was best when evaluating a combination of en face and cross-sectional OCTA.

scholarly journals Optical Coherence Tomography of Peri-Ocular Skin Cancers: An Optical Biopsy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sabrina Bergeron ◽  
Bryan Arthurs ◽  
Debra-Meghan Sanft ◽  
Christina Mastromonaco ◽  
Miguel N. Burnier Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Sebaceous Carcinoma ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Oct Imaging

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging has been used as a diagnostic tool for retinal disease for several years, and OCT apparatuses are becoming increasingly powerful. However, OCT has yet to reach its full potential in ophthalmology clinics. Alike retinal layers, it has been shown that OCT is able to generate cross-sectional images of the skin and allows visualization of skin lesions in a histopathology-like manner. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We aim to validate OCT as an imaging modality for peri-ocular skin cancer. Through a series of cases, we highlight findings for 3 common eyelid malignancies: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and sebaceous carcinoma. We propose an OCT image-based signature for basal cell carcinoma. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a prospective study. Fifty-eight lesions suspicious of malignancy from 57 patients were subjected to OCT imaging prior to the surgical excision of the lesion. OCT images were analysed and scored according to previously identified OCT features. Eight representative examples are presented, highlighting the OCT patterns for each malignancy side by side to its corresponding histopathological sections. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of the 58 lesions analysed, 53 were malignant. A loss of the dermal-epidermal junction is observed in all malignant lesions. A strong link is observed between the presence of subepithelial hyporeflective nests on OCT and the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (present in 83% of cases). Conversely, lesions of epithelial origin such as squamous cell carcinoma are most often represented on OCT by acanthosis. Two supplementary cases, one basal cell carcinoma and one sebaceous carcinoma, are provided to illustrate how OCT imaging is a valuable tool in cases where clinical observations may be unusual. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> We provide evidence supporting the use of OCT for the evaluation of peri-ocular cancers. OCT enables visualization of the skin layers in vivo, before biopsy. Our results show that certain OCT features can contribute to include or exclude a diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma. By integrating this non-invasive imaging methodology into the routine assessment of peri-ocular skin lesions, especially in health care centres where access to specialists is limited, OCT imaging can increase clinical precision, reduce delays in patient referral and enhance patient care.

Optical coherence tomography for elucidation of flow-diversion phenomena: The concept of endothelized mural thrombus behind reversible in-stent stenosis in flow-diverters

2021 ◽  
pp. 159101992110034
Author(s):  
Andre Monteiro ◽  
Demetrius K Lopes ◽  
Amin Aghaebrahim ◽  
Ricardo Hanel
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Flow Diversion ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Oct Imaging ◽  
Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Stenotic Area ◽  
Flow Diverters ◽  
Stent Stenosis

Purpose Flow-diverters have revolutionized the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, offering a durable solution to aneurysms with high recurrence rates after conventional stent-assisted coiling. Events that occur after treatment with flow-diversion, such as in-stent stenosis (ISS) are not well understood and require further assessment. After assessing an animal model with Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), we propose a concept that could explain the mechanism causing reversible ISS after treatment of intracranial aneurysms with flow-diverters. Methods Six Pipeline Flex embolization devices (PED-Flex), six PED with Shield technology (PED-Shield), and four Solitaire AB devices were implanted in the carotid arteries (two stents per vessel) of four pigs. Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images obtained on day 21 were compared to histological specimens. Results A case of ISS in a PED-Flex device was assessed with OCT imaging. Neointima with asymmetrical topography completely covering the PED struts was observed. Histological preparations of the stenotic area demonstrated thrombus on the surface of device struts, covered by neointima. Conclusion This study provides a plausible concept for reversible ISS in flow-diverters. Based on an observation of a previous experiment, we propose that similar cases of ISS are related to thrombus presence underneath endothelization, but further experiments focused on this phenomenon are needed. Optical Coherence Tomography will be useful tool when available for clinical use.

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