scholarly journals Network Mendelian randomization study: exploring the causal pathway from insomnia to type 2 diabetes

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e002510
Author(s):  
Wen Xiuyun ◽  
Lin Jiating ◽  
Xie Minjun ◽  
Li Weidong ◽  
Wu Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Causal Pathway

IntroductionInsomnia is a novel pathogen for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, mechanisms linking insomnia and T2DM are poorly understood. In this study, we apply a network Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to determine the causal association between insomnia and T2DM and identify the potential mediators, including overweight (body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage) and glycometabolism (HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and fasting blood insulin).Research design and methodsWe use the MR framework to detect effect estimates of the insomnia–T2DM, insomnia–mediator, and mediator–T2DM associations. A mediator between insomnia and T2DM is established if MR studies in all 3 steps prove causal associations.ResultsIn the Inverse variance weighted method, the results show that insomnia will increase the T2DM risk (OR 1.142; 95% CI 1.072 to 1.216; p=0.000), without heterogeneity nor horizontal pleiotropy, strongly suggesting that genetically predicted insomnia has a causal association with T2DM. Besides, our MR analysis provides strong evidence that insomnia is causally associated with BMI and body fat percentage. There is also suggestive evidence of an association between insomnia and the waist-to-hip ratio. At the same time, our results indicate that insomnia is not causally associated with glycometabolism. Higher BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat percentage levels are strongly associated with increased risk of T2DM.ConclusionsGenetically predicted insomnia has a causal association with T2DM. Being overweight (especially BMI and body fat percentage) mediates the causal pathway from insomnia to T2DM.

scholarly journals Body Adiposity and Type 2 Diabetes: Increased Risk With a High Body Fat Percentage Even Having a Normal BMI

Obesity ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1439-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Gómez-Ambrosi ◽  
Camilo Silva ◽  
Juan C. Galofré ◽  
Javier Escalada ◽  
Silvia Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
High Body ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
Increased Risk

Body Fat Percentage Rather than Body Mass Index Related to the High Occurrence of Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 564-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Escobedo-de la Peña ◽  
Jorge Alejandro Ramírez-Hernández ◽  
María Teresa Fernández-Ramos ◽  
Evangelina González-Figueroa ◽  
Beatriz Champagne
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
High Occurrence

scholarly journals Trends in HbA1c Change Among Youth Referred to a Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Clinic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A663-A663
Author(s):  
Emily Paprocki ◽  
Yun Yan ◽  
Brian R Lee ◽  
Mitchell Barnes ◽  
Francesco De Luca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Initial Visit ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Background: Pediatric type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased in prevalence as childhood obesity rates climb. More youth are being referred to pediatric endocrinology due to the concern for developing T2D, yet prediction of which children will progress to overt T2D is challenging. We describe a single center experience with pediatric prediabetes referrals and trends in HbA1c change. Methods: Retrospective review of new patients seen at a Type 2 Diabetes Prevention (T2DP) Clinic July 2015 - December 2019. All children referred to T2DP Clinic have an elevated BMI and findings of insulin resistance/prediabetes/early T2D. They are evaluated by pediatric endocrinology providers and dieticians at each visit. The outcome of interest was categorical HbA1c change between patients’ initial and most recent T2DP Clinic visit. Only HbA1c measurements conducted at the study site were included to address inconsistencies in lab assays. HbA1c at the initial visit was categorized into 3 groups: 1) < 5.7%; 2) 5.7 to <6.5%; 3) 6.5% to <8.5%. Final HbA1c was categorized similarly with the option to progress to a 4th HbA1c group of ≥8.5%. Patients were categorized as progressors, regressors, or stable depending on change in group (e.g., group 1 --> group 2) between initial and most recent HbA1c. Comparisons between groups were made using ANOVA and Fisher’s exact tests. Results: Among 297 patients seen for an initial visit, mean BMI z-score was 2.3 and body fat percentage was 44%. High blood pressure occurred in 47%, high ALT in 24%, low HDL in 14%. Prevalence of initial HbA1c < 5.7%, 5.7 to < 6.5%, and 6.5% to < 8.5% was 46%, 42%, and 12%, respectively. One-third (31%) were prescribed metformin at their initial visit. Only 63 patients (21%) had 2 or more visits in the T2DP Clinic with study site HbA1c data available. Of those 63 patients, mean age at initial visit was 12.5 years, BMI z-score 2.0, and body fat 46%. Most patients were female (68%) with public insurance (70%). Race/ethnicity was 35% black, 29% white, 30% Hispanic. Mean time between initial and most recent HbA1c was 11.9 months. Assessment of categorical HbA1c change showed 14% of patients with progression (n=9), 65% stable (n=41), and 21% with regression (n=13). Female sex, ALT elevation, HbA1c, fasting glucose were found to be statistically different between the groups at baseline (p < 0.05). Age, race/ethnicity, BMI, body fat percentage, elevated blood pressure, lipid profile, 120-minute glucose on OGTT, and metformin use were not different between the groups. Conclusions. Only 14% of children who presented for follow up in our T2DP clinic demonstrated progression in HbA1c. Risk factors for those who progress include female sex and ALT elevation. Further development of predictive models to identify this high-risk population who will progress is necessary. Retaining consistent follow up in pediatric prediabetes clinics presents a challenge.

scholarly journals Longitudinally evaluated the relationship between body fat percentage and the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus: Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Keun Park ◽  
Jae-Hong Ryoo ◽  
Chang-Mo Oh ◽  
Joong-Myung Choi ◽  
Ju Young Jung
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Obese Population

Background Body fat plays the significant role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. However, it is not fully identified how body fat percentage (BF%) has an impact on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, this study was to evaluate the incidental risk for T2DM according to BF% level. Methods In a community-based Korean cohort, 5972 Korean adults were divided into quintile groups by BF% and followed up for 10 years to monitor the development of T2DM. Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the hazard ratios (HRs) for T2DM according to BF% quintile. Additionally, subgroup analysis was conducted by low and high level of BF% (cut-off: 25 in men and 35 in women) and body mass index (BMI). Results In adjusted model, compared to the BF% quintile 1 group, the risk for T2DM significantly increased over BF% of 22.8% in men and 32.9% in women (≥quintile 4). The level of BF% related to the increased risk for T2DM was lower in non-obese men (22.8%) than obese men (28.4%). In subgroup analysis, men with low BMI (<25) and high BF% (≥25) had the highest risk for T2DM than other subgroups (HRs: 1.83 (1.33–2.52)). However, this association did not show the statistical significance in women (HRs: 1.63 (0.98–2.72)). Conclusion The incidental risk for T2DM significantly increased over the specific level of BF%, which was lower in non-obese population than obese population. Gender difference was suggested in the incidental relationship between BF% and T2DM.

scholarly journals Self-Care Behaviors and Health Indicators in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Guadalupe Compeán Ortiz ◽  
Esther Carlota Gallegos Cabriales ◽  
José Gerardo González González ◽  
Marco Vinicio Gómez Meza
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage

This descriptive correlational study aimed to analyze self-care behaviors and their relationship with health indicators represented by glycemic control, lipid profile, Body Mass Index [BMI], waist circumference and body fat percentage in a sample of 98 adults with type 2 diabetes in an area of Nuevo Leon, Mexico (August 2005/May 2006). The results showed a low self-care behaviors index (<img border=0 width=11 height=14 id="_x0000_i1026" src="../../../img/revistas/rlae/v18n4/symbol.gif" align=absmiddle > or = 36.94, SD=15.14). A significant relationship was found between self-care behaviors and glycosilated hemoglobin [HbA1c] (r s=-.379, p<.001), triglycerides (r s=-.208, p=.040), BMI (r s=-.248, p=.014) and body fat percentage (r s=-.221, p=.029). Multivariate analysis revealed the influence of self-care behaviors on HbA1c, BMI and body fat percentage with explained variances of 9 to 41% (p < .05). From all self-care dimensions, diet was the most predictive for health indicators, moderated by gender and understanding of diabetes contents (p< .05).

scholarly journals Association of Body Fat Percentage With Time in Range Generated by Continuous Glucose Monitoring During Intensive Insulin Pump Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Ruan ◽  
Jiana Zhong ◽  
Rongping Chen ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Dixing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Insulin Pump Therapy ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Pump Therapy ◽  
Time In Range

Abstract BackgroundObesity is a crucial risk factor associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Excessive accumulation of body fat may affect the glycemia control in T2DM. This study investigated the relationship between body fat percentage and time in range (TIR) assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) during short-term intensive insulin pump therapy in T2DM patients.MethodA total of 85 T2DM patients were recruited in this cross-sectional study. All participants underwent 72-h CGM period during intensive insulin pump therapy. TIR was defined as the percentage of time spent within the target glucose range of 3.9-10.0 mmol/L. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and overfat was defined as an amount of body fat of at least 25% of total body mass for men or at least 30% for women. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the independent association of body fat percentage with TIR after adjusting for confounding factors.ResultsCompared with normal fat T2DM patients, individual with a higher body fat percentage exhibited lower levels of TIR (P=0.004) and higher 72h mean blood glucose (72h-MBG) (P=0.001) during intensive insulin pump therapy. The presence of overfat inversely correlated with TIR in T2DM populations (r = -0.306; P=0.004). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that body fat percentage was significantly associated with TIR independent of HbA1c, insulin dosage and glycemic variability metrics (All P for trend <0.05). Further adjustment of other body composition parameters, including waist circumference, visceral fat area and muscle quantity, the link between body fat percentage and TIR remained significant (All P＜0.05).ConclusionsBody fat percentage was significantly associated with TIR in T2DM during intensive insulin pump therapy. Reduction of body fat may be an important therapeutic target to improve glycemic control in obese T2DM patients.

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes Risk among Asian Indians in the US: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Thomas ◽  
Alyce Ashcraft
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of

The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate type 2 diabetes risk among Asian Indians of Kerala ethnicity living in a West Texas County of the USA. The study used a descriptive correlational design with thirty-seven adult nondiabetic Asian Indian subjects between 20 and 70 years of age. The measurement included nonbiochemical indices of obesity, family history of type 2 diabetes, length of immigration in the US, history of hypertension, physical activity pattern, and fruit and vegetable intake. The majority of the subjects showed an increased nonbiochemical indices corresponding with overweight and obesity, placing them at risk for type 2 diabetes and associated cardiovascular complications. The physical activity pattern indicated a sedentary lifestyle. The decreased physical activity was associated with a higher Body Mass Index (BMI) and body fat percentage; length of residence in the US greater than 10 years was associated with increased body fat percentage and BMI; family history of type 2 diabetes was associated with an increase in body fat percentage. Fruit and vegetable intake pattern was not associated with a risk for type 2 diabetes. Further studies are recommended for risk surveillance among Asian Indian population living in the US.

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