scholarly journals What can the global movement to end child marriage learn from the implementation of other multi-sectoral initiatives?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. e001739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Lo Forte ◽  
Marina Plesons ◽  
Matilda Branson ◽  
Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli
Keyword(s):  
Cost Sharing ◽  
National Level ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Global Movement

If the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 5.3 to end child marriage by 2030 is to be met, the annual rate of reduction in the prevalence of child marriage must increase from 1.9% to 23%. Over 30 countries have developed, or are developing, national policies/programmes towards this goal. However, many are struggling to operationalise these policies/programmes, particularly at subnational levels. Thus, Girls Not Brides and the WHO commissioned a review of lessons learnt from national and subnational implementation of multi-sectoral policies/programmes targeting other issues that could be applied to the global movement to end child marriage. This review identified a number of pragmatic lessons learnt. At the national level, countries should identify and engage committed and skilled leadership, build a shared understanding of the target issue and how to address it, and delineate and clarify the roles and responsibilities of relevant stakeholders. At the subnational level, countries should establish coordination mechanisms, build awareness and capacity of staff, use subnational evidence to contextualise and tailor interventions, develop coordinated budgets and cost-sharing mechanisms, and integrate monitoring and evaluation systems. These lessons are remarkably consistent, despite coming from different target issues and contexts. The commonality of these findings reveals that various stakeholders are repeatedly and consistently failing to ensure that these fundamental requirements are in place. It is vital that the global movement to end child marriage learns from and uses these lessons if it is to meet its SDG target.

scholarly journals Evolution of Non-communicable Disease Programs in Kerala: Lessons Learnt and the Way Forward

2021 ◽  
pp. 263394472110586
Author(s):  
Jeena Ramesh ◽  
Rakhal Gaitonde
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
National Level ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Primary Health Care System ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Monitoring And Surveillance ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Addressing the double burden of disease in a country like India is a massive challenge, especially when the system is tuned to do monitoring and surveillance of mainly communicable diseases. Achieving the sustainable development goal target 3.4 to bring down the premature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) to one-third will need to consider the requirement of robust indicators at the national level to keep track of the prevalence of NCD and its risk factors among its population. The state of Kerala in contrast has a strong primary health care system that it can build on to address the rising NCD burden.

Boosting local agency improves health aid outcomes

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Aid Effectiveness ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Health Aid ◽  
Early Disease Detection ◽  
Funding Cycle ◽  
Universal Health

Subject Health aid effectiveness. Significance Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)3 is to ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages. To achieve this, there are subsidiary targets within the goal, notably achieving universal health coverage for all by 2030. Impacts Investment in early disease detection and prevention have yet to be prioritised. Sustainable monitoring and evaluation systems that track the programme through the full funding cycle will proliferate. Large private donors risk creating unviable parallel health systems.

Policies for evidence: a comparative analysis of Africa’s national evaluation policy landscape

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takunda J Chirau ◽  
Caitlin Blaser-Mapitsa ◽  
Matodzi M Amisi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
National Level ◽  
Peer Learning ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Policy ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Evaluation Policies

Background: African countries are developing their monitoring and evaluation policies to systematise, structure and institutionalise evaluations and use of evaluative evidence across the government sector. The pace at which evaluations are institutionalised and systematised across African governments is progressing relatively slowly.Aims and objectives: This article offers a comparative analysis of Africa’s national evaluation policy landscape. The article looks at the policies of Zimbabwe, South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya (not adopted) and Uganda. To achieve the aim we unpack the different characteristics taken by the national evaluation policies, emerging lessons for countries who wish to develop a national evaluation policy, and key challenges faced by countries with regard to evaluation policy development and implementation. The article draws on both a desktop review and action research approaches from the Centre for Learning on Evaluation and Results Anglophone Africa to build national evaluation systems across the region. The approach has included peer learning and co-creation of knowledge around public sector evaluation systems.Key conclusions: The national evaluation policies reviewed share certain common features in terms of purpose and composition. They are also struggling with common issues of institutionalising the evaluation system across the public sector. However, there are variations in the countries’ guiding governance frameworks at a national level that shape the nature and content of policies, as well as the ways through which the policies themselves are expected to guide the use of evaluative evidence for decision and policymaking, and programming.<br />Key messages<br /><ul><li>Peer-to-peer learning is important for sharing experiences on developing national evaluation policy.</li><br /><li>Countries should develop their policies in line with their state architecture, context and relevance to their needs.</li><br /><li>Policies necessitate new ways of thinking about the practice of monitoring and evaluation.</li><br /><li>This article fills an important empirical lacuna on evidence use and policy development in Africa</li></ul>

Global health in the era of sustainable development

2021 ◽  
pp. 759-770
Author(s):  
Fiona Fleck
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
First Century ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Goals

This chapter provides an overview of progress made in public health during the first two decades of the twenty-first century and charts the way forward to further improvements. It introduces the World Health Organization’s (WHO) current 5-year strategy, explains how this strategy is aligned with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and how impact will be measured at the national level. Based on the Sustainable Development Goals, the WHO has set its triple billion targets to achieve by 2023. These are: one billion more people benefitting from universal health coverage; one billion more people better protected from health emergencies; and one billion more people enjoying better health and well-being. Components of each of these goals are described here, and the chapter concludes with the cross-cutting areas of monitoring and evaluation, and data and innovation that are vital to achieving measurable health impact in every country, regardless of income level.

Collecting High-Quality Data

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kay Gugerty ◽  
Dean Karlan
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Demand Effect

Without high-quality data, even the best-designed monitoring and evaluation systems will collapse. Chapter 7 introduces some the basics of collecting high-quality data and discusses how to address challenges that frequently arise. High-quality data must be clearly defined and have an indicator that validly and reliably measures the intended concept. The chapter then explains how to avoid common biases and measurement errors like anchoring, social desirability bias, the experimenter demand effect, unclear wording, long recall periods, and translation context. It then guides organizations on how to find indicators, test data collection instruments, manage surveys, and train staff appropriately for data collection and entry.

scholarly journals Defining and Quantifying National-Level Targets, Indicators and Benchmarks for Management of Natural Resources to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Dickens ◽  
Vladimir Smakhtin ◽  
Matthew McCartney ◽  
Gordon O’Brien ◽  
Lula Dahir
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
National Level ◽  
Resource Quality ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Country Level ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Global Indicators

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), are high on the agenda for most countries of the world. In its publication of the SDGs, the UN has provided the goals and target descriptions that, if implemented at a country level, would lead towards a sustainable future. The IAEG (InterAgency Expert Group of the SDGs) was tasked with disseminating indicators and methods to countries that can be used to gather data describing the global progress towards sustainability. However, 2030 Agenda leaves it to countries to adopt the targets with each government setting its own national targets guided by the global level of ambition but taking into account national circumstances. At present, guidance on how to go about this is scant but it is clear that the responsibility is with countries to implement and that it is actions at a country level that will determine the success of the SDGs. Reporting on SDGs by country takes on two forms: i) global reporting using prescribed indicator methods and data; ii) National Voluntary Reviews where a country reports on its own progress in more detail but is also able to present data that are more appropriate for the country. For the latter, countries need to be able to adapt the global indicators to fit national priorities and context, thus the global description of an indicator could be reduced to describe only what is relevant to the country. Countries may also, for the National Voluntary Review, use indicators that are unique to the country but nevertheless contribute to measurement of progress towards the global SDG target. Importantly, for those indicators that relate to the security of natural resources security (e.g., water) indicators, there are no prescribed numerical targets/standards or benchmarks. Rather countries will need to set their own benchmarks or standards against which performance can be evaluated. This paper presents a procedure that would enable a country to describe national targets with associated benchmarks that are appropriate for the country. The procedure builds on precedent set in other countries but in particular on a procedure developed for the setting of Resource Quality Objectives in South Africa. The procedure focusses on those SDG targets that are natural resource-security focused, for example, extent of water-related ecosystems (6.6), desertification (15.3) and so forth, because the selection of indicator methods and benchmarks is based on the location of natural resources, their use and present state and how they fit into national strategies.

scholarly journals The consumer goods sector and the sustainability agenda in Ghana: a review of sustainability commitments

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abubakari ◽  
Bessy Thuranira
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Consumption And Production ◽  
Qualitative Literature

AbstractCorporate entities are expected to show a great commitment to the sustainability agenda in response to the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)-12—‘Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns’ by 2030. This study, therefore, analyses the sustainability commitments of two major consumer goods companies in Ghana; Unilever Ghana Limited, and PZ Cussons Ghana Limited. It uses the traditional qualitative literature review approach to identify and evaluate the varying commitments of the two entities through an analytic lens of the Sustainable Business Model (SBM) archetypes. The findings indicate that of the eight archetypes, Unilever Ghana Limited is committed to four of the archetypes—1, 3, 6, and 8—whereas PZ Cussons Ghana Limited’s commitments align with five of the archetypes—1, 2, 5, 6, and 8. This indicates a defining step in their sustainability commitments moving forward, however, the translation of the commitments of the two companies into actualities calls for a concerted effort involving the State, civil society, the academic community, and the entities themselves.

scholarly journals Human development, greenhouse gas emissions and sub-national mitigation burdens: a Brazilian perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geanderson Ambrósio ◽  
Dênis Antônio Da Cunha ◽  
Marcel Viana Pires ◽  
Luis Costa ◽  
Raiza Moniz Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Ghg Mitigation ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
National Human ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Equivalent

AbstractInternational frameworks for greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation usually disregard country-specific inequalities for the allocation of mitigation burdens. This may hinder low developed regions in a country from achieving development in a socioeconomic perspective, such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of eradicating poverty (SDG1) and hunger (SDG2). We use observed data (1991–2010) of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq) emissions and a sub-national human development index (MicroHDI, range [0, 1]) for Brazilian microregions to design a framework where regional mitigation burdens are proportional to the MicroHDI, without compromising national mitigation pledges. According to our results, the less developed Brazilian regions have not been basing their development in emission-intensive activities; instead, the most developed regions have. Between 2011 and 2050, Brazilian cumulative emissions from the sectors most correlated with MicroHDI are expected to be 325 Gt CO2eq, of which only 50 Gt are associated with regions of MicroHDI < 0.8. Assuming a national GHG mitigation target of 56.5% in 2050 over 2010 (consistent with limiting global warming to 2 ºC), Brazil would emit 190 Gt CO2eq instead of 325 Gt and the 135 Gt reduction is only accounted for by regions after reaching MicroHDI ≥ 0.8. Allocating environmental restrictions to the high-developed regions leaves ground for the least developed ones to pursue development with fewer restrictions. Our heterogeneous framework represents a fairer allocation of mitigation burdens which could be implemented under the concepts of green economy. This work could be an international reference for addressing both environmental and socioeconomic development in developing countries at sub-national level as emphasized by the SDGs.

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