Social capital, neighbourhood characteristics and utilisation of local public health services among domestic migrants in China: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesWe examined the association between structural social capital and public health services use, and explored the modifiable effect of neighbourhood factors on this association among domestic migrants in China.MethodsData were from a 2014 nationally representative cross-sectional sample of domestic migrants aged 15–59 years in China. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between structural social capital, measured by participation in social organisations and social activities, and use of public health services. Interaction terms between neighbourhood urban status, neighbourhood composition and social capital were further assessed in the models.ResultsMigrants who participated in social organisations were more likely to establish health records (OR 1.467, 95% CI 1.201 to 1.793) and receive health education information (OR 1.729, 95% CI 1.484 to 2.016) than those who did not. Participation in social activities was positively associated with establishing health records only in urban communities (OR 1.853, 95% CI 1.060 to 3.239), and it was positively linked to receiving health education information among those living with a higher percentage of local neighbours (OR 1.451, 95% CI 1.044 to 2.017).ConclusionsStructural social capital was related to an increased utilisation of local public health services among migrants. The findings of this study provided new evidence for the differential influences of social capital by neighbourhood characteristics in China, which suggested the importance to enhance social capital in rural/suburban communities and communities where the majority of the residents were migrants.

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Impact of social capital, sex and education on the utilization of public health services: a cross sectional study based on the China migrant dynamic survey

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10803-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhen Yang ◽

Cheng-hua Jiang

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Social Capital ◽

Health Education ◽

Health Services ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Internal Migrants ◽

Cognitive Social Capital ◽

The Impact ◽

Structural Social Capital

Abstract Background China is making efforts to promote the equalization of National Essential Public Health Services (NEPHS) for internal migrants. Studies have demonstrated that the impacts of social capital on health services are different among subgroups of people. Clarifying these differences will help China accurately promote the equalization of NEPHS for the internal migrants and provide reference for other countries. Methods Data from the China Migrant Dynamic Survey of 2017, involving 130,642 migrants in 31 provinces were used to clarify the complex relationship between social capital and the utilization of NEPHS. Social capital was divided into regional cognitive social capital (RCSC), regional structural social capital (RSSC), individual cognitive social capital (ICSC), and individual structural social capital (ISSC). Then, multi-level logistic regression was conducted to analyze their impacts on the utilization of NEPHS of the migrants, and whether such impacts are moderated by sex and education. Results (1) There are significant differences in the levels of CSC, SSC, and NEPHS utilization between different sexs and educational subgroups of the migrants, among which the educational difference is more prominent. (2) An interaction exists between the levels and dimensions of social capital and NEPHS projects. Also, the impact of SSC on NEPHS is always greater than that of CSC at the same level. (3) The effects of RCSC, RSSC, ICSC, and ISSC on NEPHS utilization by migrants are not moderated by sex. However, a high education could weaken the relationship between RCSC and health education, ISSC and health education, and RSSC and health records but strengthen the correlation between RSSC and health education. Conclusion Social capital plays an important role in the access of migrants to NEPHS. Governments should vigorously promote the construction of regional social capital, encourage migrants to actively participate in community activities, especially pay attention to the enhancement of the migrants with low SES to the destination identity.

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Impact of social capital, gender and education on the utilization of public health services: A Cross sectional study based on the China Migrant Dynamic Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-146001/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhen Yang ◽

Chenghua Jiang

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Social Capital ◽

Health Education ◽

Health Services ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Gender And Education ◽

Internal Migrants ◽

Cognitive Social Capital ◽

The Impact ◽

Structural Social Capital

Abstract Background: China is making every effort to promote equal access to public health services(PHS) for the internal migrants. Studies have demonstrated that the impact of social capital on PHS is different among subgroups of people. Clarifying these differences will help China accurately promote the equalization of PHS for the internal migrants and provide reference for other developing countries.Methods: Data from the China Migrant Dynamic Survey of 2017, involving 130642 migrants in 31 provinces were used to clarify the complex relationship between social capital and the utilization of National Essential Public Health Services (NEPHS). Social capital was divided into regional cognitive social capital (RCSC), regional structural social capital (RSSC), individual cognitive social capital (ICSC), and individual structural social capital (ISSC). Then, multi-level logistic regression was conducted to analyze their impacts on the utilization of NEPHS of the migrants, and whether such effects are moderated by gender and education. Results: The results suggest: (1) There are significant differences in the levels of CSC, SSC, and NEPHS utilization between different genders and educational subgroups of the migrants, among which the educational difference is more prominent. (2) An interaction exists between the levels and dimensions of social capital and NEPHS projects. Also, the impact of SSC on NEPHS is always greater than that of CSC at the same level. (3) The effects of RCSC, RSSC, ICSC, and ISSC on NEPHS utilization by migrants are not moderated by gender. However, education could weaken the relationship between RCSC and health education, ISSC and health education, and RSSC and health records but strengthen the correlation between RSSC and health education. Conclution: This study demonstrated complex interactions between the dimensions and levels of social capital, NEPHS projects, and the population characteristics of migrants. As the government strives towards the equalization of NEPHS, these interactions should be fully considered.

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Performance and Priorities: A Cross-sectional Study of Local Health Department Approaches to Essential Public Health Services

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/0033354919890862 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 135 (1) ◽

pp. 97-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Megan Wallace ◽

Joshua Sharfstein ◽

Justin Lessler

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Local Health ◽

Health Departments ◽

Local Health Departments ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Local Public Health ◽

Essential Public Health Services ◽

Per Capita

Objectives: Despite a push for increased local public health capacity, no clear baseline for performance of local health departments (LHDs) exists. The objectives of this study were to quantify the self-reported performance of LHDs on the 10 Essential Public Health Services (EPHSs) and describe the relationships between performance and characteristics of LHDs. Methods: We used data on 2000 LHDs from the 2013 National Profile of Local Health Departments survey to develop principal components analysis–based scores to evaluate each LHD on the performance of EPHSs. Scores ranged from 0 to 100. LHDs that performed no activities within an EPHS had a score of 0, and LHDs that performed all activities within an EPHS had a score of 100. We explored the relationships between EPHS scores and LHD characteristics by using multivariate linear regression and cluster analysis. Results: Performance scores varied greatly by LHDs and EPHSs; however, LHDs typically scored <50, indicating that they performed fewer than half of the activities evaluated. LHDs that served larger populations (vs smaller populations) and LHDs that had higher per-capita funding (vs lower per-capita funding) had higher EPHS scores. We identified 6 EPHS performance score–based LHD clusters, which suggests similarities in which EPHSs LHDs focused on. Conclusions: Our results suggest weaknesses in many LHDs’ fulfillment of the EPHSs, particularly in low-population and low-funding settings. LHDs should be given the resources to increase capacity and ensure the EPHSs are met in communities.

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Establishment and associated factors of health records among young Chinese migrants

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12199-021-00961-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hong Shi ◽

Xiumin Zhang ◽

Xiangrong Li ◽

Zheng Ren ◽

Hanfang Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Public Affairs ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Chi Square ◽

Health Records ◽

Local Public Health ◽

Chinese Migrants

Abstract Background Most Chinese migrants have been faced with obstacles to getting access to local public health services. Young migrants among internal migrants make a major contribution to the economy. However, the establishment of their health records has been ignored. This research was aimed at exploring the status and associated factors of the establishment of health records among young Chinese migrants. Methods Data were obtained from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS). Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were performed to investigate the associated factors of the establishment of health records among young Chinese migrants. Results Approximately 30.2% of young migrants had their health records established in inflow communities. Urban residence, medical insurance (insured), and lower average monthly household income were attributed to the establishment of more health records. Young migrants who were in northeast China and across provinces and immigrated for working or engaging in trade were less likely to have health records established. Young migrants who participated in social activities and public affairs activities and took type of people in touch as natives in the inflow area showed a higher possibility of establishing health records. Meanwhile, receiving health education and hearing about national basic public health services (BPHSs) were beneficial for establishing the health records of more young migrants. Conclusion This study showed that the health records of young migrants had a relatively low establishment rate. Sociodemographic and migration characteristics, health status, public health services, and social integration factors were all related to the health record establishment of young Chinese migrants.

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Impact Of Social Capital , Gender And Education On The Utilization Of Public Health Services: A Cross Sectional Study Based On The China Migrant Dynamic Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-273926/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhen Yang ◽

Chenghua Jiang

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Social Capital ◽

Health Education ◽

Health Services ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Gender And Education ◽

Internal Migrants ◽

Cognitive Social Capital ◽

The Impact ◽

Structural Social Capital

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Sociodemographic Disparities in the Establishment of Health Records Among 0.5 Million Migrants From 2014 to 2017 in China: a Nationwide Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-750867/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jun Wang ◽

Jingmin Zhu ◽

Xueyao Wang ◽

Yue Che ◽

Yang Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Health Equity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Records ◽

Policy Domain ◽

Sociodemographic Disparities ◽

Establishment Rate

Abstract Background: Migrants account for a large part of China’s population. Many policies and inventions have been taken to improve access to public health services and the health of migrants. China’s Basic Public Health Services（BPHS) are a series of public health services in this policy domain, which aims at promoting the access of public health sevices and improve health equity of residents.The establishment of health records is the fundamental service of BPHS. However，there is little known about the establishment of health records among migrants in China, which hinders the more efficient provision of health services for migrants, and health equity is difficult to achieve. Based on the research gap, this study aims at showing the sociodemographic disparities in the establishment rate of health records, and identifying priorities and recommendations for promoting health equity of migrants in China.Methods: This study used national data from China Migrants Dynamic Survey(CMDS) from 2014 to 2017 to evaluate the sociodemographic disparities in the establishment rate of health records and utilization of relevant public health services.The study included 539926 respondents. Following the descriptive statistics of migrants, we showed the establishment rate of health records by sociodemographic characteristics and migrating related characteristics. Multivariate analysis was conducted to explore the associations between sociodemographic charicteristics, migrating related charicteristics and the establishment of health records.Results: The establishment rate of health records among migrants in the sampled years were 22.99%, 38.44%, 27.29% respectively, and 29.18% in general, and there existed heterogeneity in the establishment rate of health records by sociodemographic charicteristics and migrating related charicteristics. Female migrants who were older, from middle age, married or living with partner, with higher educational attainment, with urban household registration, migrated for longer time, migrated for the reason of studying or family issues, migrated in province were more likely to establish health records.Conclusion: There existed sociodemographic disparities in the establishment rate of health records and inequalities in the utilization of health records services among migrants in China. Migrating related characteristics also had impact on the establishment status. Policies should take both supply side and demand side of health services to improve the health equity of migrants, which means that relative departments should continue to invest in primary healthcare centers to improve their ability to provide services as well as migrants’ health literacy.

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Sociodemographic disparities in the establishment of health records among 0.5 million migrants from 2014 to 2017 in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study

International Journal for Equity in Health ◽

10.1186/s12939-021-01584-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jun Wang ◽

Jingmin Zhu ◽

Xueyao Wang ◽

Yue Che ◽

Yang Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Health Equity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Records ◽

Policy Domain ◽

Sociodemographic Disparities ◽

Establishment Rate

Abstract Background Migrants account for a large part of China’s population. Many policies and inventions have been taken to improve access to public health services and the health of migrants. China’s Basic Public Health Services(BPHS) are a series of public health services in this policy domain, which aims at promoting the access of public health sevices and improve health equity of residents. The establishment of health records is the fundamental service of BPHS. However, there is little known about the establishment of health records among migrants in China, which hinders the more efficient provision of health services for migrants, and health equity is difficult to achieve. Based on the research gap, this study aims at showing the sociodemographic disparities in the establishment rate of health records, and identifying priorities and recommendations for promoting health equity of migrants in China. Methods This study used national data from China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) from 2014 to 2017 to evaluate the sociodemographic disparities in the establishment rate of health records and utilization of relevant public health services. The study included 539,926 respondents. Following the descriptive statistics of migrants, we showed the establishment rate of health records by sociodemographic characteristics and migrating related characteristics. Multivariate analysis was conducted to explore the associations between sociodemographic charicteristics, migrating related charicteristics and the establishment of health records. Results The establishment rate of health records among migrants in the sampled years were 22.99, 38.44, 27.29% respectively, and 29.18% in general, and there existed heterogeneity in the establishment rate of health records by sociodemographic charicteristics and migrating related charicteristics. Female migrants who were older, from middle age, married or living with partner, with higher educational attainment, with urban household registration, migrated for longer time, migrated for the reason of studying or family issues, migrated in province were more likely to establish health records. Conclusion There existed sociodemographic disparities in the establishment rate of health records and inequalities in the utilization of health records services among migrants in China. Migrating related characteristics also had impact on the establishment status. Policies should take both supply side and demand side of health services to improve the health equity of migrants, which means that relative departments should continue to invest in primary healthcare centers to improve their ability to provide services as well as migrants’ health literacy.

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A cross-sectional study using freedom of information requests to evaluate variation in local authority commissioning of community pharmacy public health services in England

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015511 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. e015511 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Adam John Mackridge ◽

Nicola Jane Gray ◽

Janet Krska

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Community Pharmacy ◽

Local Authority ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Freedom Of Information ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Information Requests

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The impact of the COVID-19 response on the provision of other public health services in the U.S.: A cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-215247/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kristina W. Kintziger ◽

Kahler W. Stone ◽

Meredith Jagger ◽

Jennifer A. Horney

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Departments ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Career Plans ◽

Public Health Departments ◽

Essential Public Health Services ◽

The U.S

Abstract Background Funding and staff formerly dedicated to routine public health tasks (e.g., responding to communicable and non-communicable diseases, investigating foodborne outbreaks, conducting routine surveillance) and services (e.g., environmental health, substance abuse, maternal-child health) may no longer be available in many public health departments due to the COVID-19 response. The objective of this study was to assess the extent to which staffing for essential public health services has been redirected to the COVID-19 response. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using a survey distributed through the Qualtrics platform. Individuals (N = 298) working in public health across governmental and academic public health departments in the U.S. during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic response were surveyed. Survey items measured multiple domains including professional experience (i.e., training, years of experience, content expertise, job functions), mental and physical health status (i.e., generalized anxiety, depression, burnout), and career plans (i.e., pre-pandemic vs. current career plans). Results The total number of content expertise areas and programmatic functions covered by individual public health workers increased between January and September of 2020, with 26% (73 of 282) of respondents reporting an increase in both. The total number of respondents working in infectious disease and preparedness remained constant, while declines were reported in program evaluation (-36%) and health education (-27%) and increases were reported in disease investigation (+ 35%). Conclusions The provision of many essential public health functions and tasks have been limited or eliminated while the U.S. public health workforce responds to the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight opportunities for funding and professional development of public health systems, both during and after the COVID-19 response, to help ensure the continuity of essential public health services, staffing sustainability, and preparedness for future public health emergencies in the U.S. Trial registration: Not applicable.

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